فهرست مطالب

Journal of Caring Sciences
Volume:3 Issue: 4, Dec 2014

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1393/09/23
  • تعداد عناوین: 8
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  • Vahid Zamanzadeh, Leila Valizadeh, Mojgan Lotfi *, Feridoon Salehi Pages 227-237
    Introduction
    Burn is one of the main and common health problems that face the victims with significant challenges in their lives. The main purpose of caring and rehabilitating these people is returning them to their previous life situation. Thus, the present study was conducted with the purpose of determining the experience of burn survivors with regard to returning to life in order to be able to obtain new concepts of acceptable implications in the present cultural and religious context.
    Methods
    The present study is a qualitative study that was conducted using qualitative content analysis and in-depth unstructured interviews with 15 burn survivors in 2012 and 2013 in Tabriz.
    Results
    During the process of qualitative analysis, the content of the category «balance», as the core essence of the experience of participants, was extracted according to three sub-categories: a- the physical integration (physiological stability, saving the affected limb), b-connecting to the life stream (self-care, getting accustomed, normalization), and c- return to the existence (sense of inner satisfaction and excellence).
    Conclusion
    The results of this study confirmed the physical, psychological and social scales introduced by other studies. Also proposed the concept «return to the existence», that can be measured by the emergence of a sense of inner satisfaction and excellence in the individual, as one of the key and determinant scales in returning the victims of burn to life.
    Keywords: Outcome, Burn survivors, Return to life, Qualitative study, Iran
  • Naser Mozaffari, Behrouz Dadkhah, Mahmood Shamshiri, Mohammad Ali Mohammadi, Nahid Dehghan Nayeri * Pages 239-246
    Introduction
    Social well-being is one of the important aspects of individual’s health. However, the social aspect of health, or social well-being, has not been attended to as equally as the other aspects. Social well-being is people’s perceptions and experiences in social circumstances as well as the degree of successful responses to social challenges. The aim of the study was to investigate the social well-being of a sample of Iranian nurses.
    Methods
    This study was a cross- sectional conducted in 2013. The study population consisted of all 1200 staff nurses working in all hospitals located in Ardabil, Iran. We invited a random sample of 281 practicing nurses to respond to the 33-item Keyes’s Social Well-Being Questionnaire and the possible range of the total score is 33–165. Higher score reflect better SWB. The quantitative analysis of this study used the Statistical Package for Social Science SPSS version 13.0.
    Results
    The results showed that Participants’ mean score of social well-being was 105.45 (15.87). Social well-being was significantly related to participants’ age, gender, work experience, satisfaction with working in hospital and with income, familiarity with nursing prior to entering it, official position, and type of employment. However, there was no significant relationship between nurses’ social well-being and their marital status, their parents and spouses’ educational status, as well as the type of hospital.
    Conclusion
    Nurses’ social well-being deserves special attention. Effective well-being promotion strategies should be executed for promoting their social well-being particularly in areas of social integration and social acceptance. Moreover, nurses, particularly female nurses, need strong financial, emotional, informational, and social support for ensuring their social well-being.
    Keywords: Health, Social, Social health, Nursing
  • Fahimeh Sehhatie Shafaie, Mozhgan Mirghafourvand, Maryam Jafari * Pages 247-256
    Introduction
    Menopause is one of the most important crises in the life of women. The control of menopause symptoms is a main challenge in providing care to this population. So, the aim of present study was to investigate the effect of education through support ­group on early symptoms of menopause.
    Methods
    In this randomized controlled clinical trial 124 postmenopausal women who had a health records in Valiasr participatory health center of Eslamshahr city were participated. These women were allocated by block randomization method into support group (62 women) and control group (62 women).Women in support group was assigned into 6 groups. Three 60-minutes educational sessions were conducted in 3 sequential weekly sessions. Early menopausal symptoms were measured before and 4 weeks after the intervention by using Greene scale (score ranged from 0 to 63). Data analysis was performed by ANCOVA statistical test.
    Results
    There were no statistical differences between two groups in demographic characteristics and the total score of the Greene scale before intervention. The mean score of the Greene scale in support group was statistically less than control group 4 weeks after intervention. The number of hot flashes in the support group was significantly lower than control group, 4 weeks after intervention.
    Conclusion
    Education through support group was effective in reducing the early symptoms of menopause. Thus, this educational method can be used as an appropriate strategy for enhancing women’ health and their dealing with annoying symptoms of menopause.
    Keywords: Education, Support group, Menopause
  • Yaser Khaje-Bishak, Laleh Payahoo *, Bahram Pourghasem, Mohammad Asghari Jafarabadi Pages 257-263
    Introduction
    Elderly people may suffer from the multiple health disorders due to the vulnerability for many physical and mental disturbances. Quality of life in elderly population can be affected by many environmental factors. The aim of this study was aimed to examine the quality of life in elderly people in Tabriz, Iran in 2012.
    Methods
    This cross-sectional study was carried out on 184 elderly people (male=97; female=87) with age ≥ 60 years. The participants surveyed in this study were elderly people who were living in the community and come voluntarily to the daily care centers. Validated Persian self-reported version of World Health Organization Quality of Life-BRIEF (WHOQOL-BRIEF) questionnaire including 26 broad and comprehensive questions were used to determine the quality of life in elderly people. Independent t-test and Pearson correlation were used to compare differences and correlation between the total score of quality of life and influential factors.
    Results
    Total score the quality of life in both genders was 90.75 (13.37) (range between 26-130). Male elderly had slightly high score in the quality of life; however, these differences were not significant. A significant difference was observed between having cardiovascular diseases, respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases, hearing and visual impairments with total score in the quality of life. Also, there was no significant difference between gender and age variables with total score in the quality of life.
    Conclusion
    Policies and programs should be considered for improving the quality of life. Future studies are needed for assessing other influential factors on the quality of life in elderly population.
    Keywords: Elderly, Quality of life, Male, Vision disorders
  • Abbas Heydari, Amir Emami Zeydi * Pages 265-275
    Introduction
    Research utilization (RU), is an important strategy to promote the quality of patient care. The aim of this study was to present a comprehensive literature review describing barriers and facilitators of RU among Iranian nurses.
    Methods
    Literature review was undertaken using the international databases including Pub Med/Medline, Scopus, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. Also, Persian electronic databases such as Magiran, SID and Iran Medex were searched up to May 2014. The search was limited to articles in the English and Persian languages that evaluate the barriers or facilitators of RU among Iranian nurses.
    Results
    A total of 11 articles were in the final dataset. The most important barriers to RU among Iranian nurses were related to the organization factors such as inadequate facilities; insufficient time on the job, lack of authority, physician cooperation, and administrative support. The most frequent facilitators of RU were education in enhancing nurses knowledge and skills in research evaluation, support from knowledgeable nursing colleagues and nursing faculty in the clinical setting, access to an expert committee for clinical appraisal, improving skills in English language and searching for articles, sufficient economic resources to carry out research, and having access to more facilities such as internet.
    Conclusion
    Iranian nurses encounter with the same difficulties as to other countries regarding RU; while setting related barriers were the predominant obstacles to RU among them. Therefore, health managers are expected to plan appropriate strategies to smooth the progress of RU by nurses in their practice.
    Keywords: Research, Research utilization, Nurses, Iran, Review
  • Shahnaz Ahrari, Ali Mohammadpour *, Zahra Amouzeshi, Alireza Agha-Yousefi Pages 277-285
    Introduction
    Non-adherence to medical regimen has remained a challenge to the medical profession as well as to social sciences. To achieve positive results, the factors negatively impacting patient adherence to medical regimens (i.e., diet, drug and exercise regimen) must be scrutinized in detail. The objective of this research was to explore the relationship between cognitive appraisal and adherence to medical regimens in type 2 diabetic patients.
    Methods
    In this correlational study, 218 type 2 diabetes patients receiving treatment at the Diabetes Clinic affiliated with Gonabad University of Medical Sciences were selected through non-probability (convenience) sampling from April 2012 to May 2013. Two valid and reliable questionnaires of cognitive appraisal and adherence to medical regimens were completed by each patient. The data were analyzed using SPSS ver 13.
    Results
    A relationship was observed between perceived cognitive and adherence to some aspects of medical regimen. Also direct relationship was observedbetween perceived cognitive in form challenge and adherence of diet in patients with diabetes. There was no statistically significant relationship between aspects of cognitive appraisal and adherence to the drug regimen.
    Conclusion
    The results suggest that interventions undertaken to improve adherence to medical regimen, particularly to drug regimen in patients with type 2 diabetes, should be focused on enriching cognitive appraisal. Nurses need to help patients perceive diabetes as less of a threat and in fact should empower them, so as to look upon it as more of a challenge.
    Keywords: Patient adherence, Cognitive, Psychology, Diabetes mellitus
  • Ilnaz Iranzad, Soheila Bani *, Shirin Hasanpour, Sakineh Mohammadalizadeh, Mozhgan Mirghafourvand Pages 287-295
    Introduction
    Social support is considered the interaction between the person and environment, which reduces stressors, covers the effects of stress and consequently protects individuals from the harmful effects of stressful situations. This study aimed to determine social support in pregnant women and its relationship with the rate of pregnant women''s perceived stress at health centers of Tabriz in 2012-13.
    Methods
    This cross–sectional study was carried out on 450 pregnant women selected through cluster sampling. Data collection tools consisted of a demographic questionnaire, interpersonal support evaluation list (ISEL) and perceived stress questionnaire (PSS) that were completed in an interview. The range of obtainable score for social support and perceived stress was 0-90 and 0-30, respectively. Descriptive and analytical statistics including Pearson and Independent t-test were used for analyzing the data.
    Results
    The mean score of social support and perceived stress in pregnant women was 96.6 (14.6), and 11.5 (5.5), respectively. The women with favorable social support had significantly less stress than the women with unfavorable social support.
    Conclusion
    The study finding showed that the rate of social support in highly stressful women is significantly less than low-stress mothers. Therefore, considering adverse effects of the stress on pregnancy outcomes, some strategies should be designed and implemented in order to strengthen and improve the social support for pregnant women so that it can reduce the rate of pregnant women’s stress.
    Keywords: Social support, Stress, Pregnant women
  • Maryam Vahidi, Mina Hosseinzadeh * Pages 297-300
    Seclusion is one of the methods in controlling violent behavior of inpatients in psychiatric wards. In current descriptive analytic study, data collection instrument included the seclusion list of inpatients by considering individual, social and clinical characteristics in one of the psychiatry wards In the Razi teaching hospital of Tabriz in the first six months of 2012. Among 264 admitted patients, 24 patients (9.1%) had been secluded and a total of 29 isolated incidents were recorded. Most of secluded incidents occurred on weekdays (75.9%), first week of inpatient (87.7%), and during the evening shifts (48.3%). The results obtained in this study demonstrate that in 55.2% cases, the duration of isolation was two hours and the most common cause of seclusion was aggressive behaviors. Most of secluded patients (66.7%) were diagnosed with mood disorders.