فهرست مطالب

Caring Sciences - Volume:6 Issue: 4, Dec 2017

Journal of Caring Sciences
Volume:6 Issue: 4, Dec 2017

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1396/10/07
  • تعداد عناوین: 8
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  • Febby Cardinal, Golda Arroyo, Sheilla Trajera, Anand Sajnani* Pages 293-302
    Introduction
    Nurses are in an ideal position to provide special care for anxious children admitted in hospital wards. Thus, the objectives of the study were to identify the common nursing procedures done for children and to measure their level of anxiety.
    Methods
    A cross - sectional descriptive study was conducted at a district hospital in Philippines. The respondents of the study were children aged 3 – 9 years old admitted in the pediatric ward. The descriptive characteristics of the children were recorded. Venham Picture Test was used to assess the level of anxiety in children. The instrument was validated using the Good and Scates criteria and pre-tested on 30 pediatric respondents. The chi-square test and T test were used to determine the significance of difference between the scores given by the children across different age groups and the p-value was set at 0.05.
    Results
    The mean age of the respondents was 5.1 years (±3.5). Males obtained an "average" mean score of anxiety (4.0±2.0) whilst females demonstrated a "low" mean score of anxiety (3.6±2.3). There was a highly statistical difference between the mean anxiety scores amongst patients who had a prior experience and those who had none (p=0.001).
    Conclusions
    Temperature measurement and pulse measurement were the most common procedures performed on children and demonstrated very low level of anxiety. Peripheral cannula insertion caused the maximum anxiety amongst all the procedures performed. Children aged 3 to 4 years old demonstrated the maximum anxiety when compared to children aged 5 to 9 years.
    Keywords: Anxiety, anxiety prevention, nursing procedure, children, hospital, nurses
  • Agani Afaya*, Vida N. Yakong, Richard A. Afaya, Solomon M. Salia, Peter Adatara, Anthony K. Kuug, Flex K. Nyande Pages 303-314
    Background
    Labor and delivery process is an exciting, anxiety-provoking, but rewarding time for a woman and her family after successful delivery of a newborn. The intrapartum period is the time where mothers expect more care from nurses/midwives. Taking care of a mother in delivery with no side effects is the task of a professional midwife who is trained to care of mothers and babies. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore mother’s experiences regarding intrapartum quality of care.
    Methods
    Focused ethnographic study was employed. Data were collected from May to June 2016 using semi structured interview guide. Purposive sampling was employed to recruit 20 participants. Eight individual interviews were conducted in postnatal ward of the Tamale Teaching Hospital in Ghana after 48 hours of delivery, followed by three focus group discussions two weeks after delivery when mothers visited postnatal clinic. Interviews lasted for about 30-45 minutes during each session. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis.
    Results
    The average age of women were 29years with ages ranging from 19years to 43years. Participants’ experiences of nursing/midwifery care during birth were influenced by reception and respect, provision of information, technical skill, providers’ behavior, pain management and availability of nurses/midwives.
    Conclusion
    The study findings have revealed that women’s experience of care is affected by a wide range of determinants. Therefore, maternal health programmes and policies in Ghana must take into account women’s expectations on the care they need and their feedback on services they receive. Nursing education should re-enforce communication/relational skills. Keywords: Nursing Care, Labor, Delivery, Qualitative Study.
    Keywords: Nursing care, Labor, Delivery, Qualitative study
  • Apurva Mishra*, Ramesh Kumar Pandey, Anurag Minz, Varuni Arora Pages 315-323
    Introduction
    Sleep problems can occur at any age. Inadequate sleep affects the physiological as well as psychological well-being of an individual. Thus, the objective of the present study is, to determine the pre sleep habits, duration and pattern of sleep among school children and to determine association between their sleep schedules and sleep habits.
    Method
    The study comprised of 1050 children attending the government school. Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria children were divided into three age groups: 4-5 years, 6-10 years and 11-15 years of age. A questionnaire about demographical data, sleep problems and habits, was duly filled by the parents. The parents of children were questioned for bed time, wakeup time, sleep time and sleep duration during both weekdays and weekends.
    Results
    Total sleep time during weekdays was 8.9± 1.2 hours and 10.7 ± 1.1 hours during weekends. The wakeup time was significantly delayed during weekends in all age groups (p
    Conclusion
    Screen activities such as TV, internet and cellular phones in a child’s bedroom had a negative effect on children’s sleep/wake patterns, duration of sleep. Children in higher grades are sleep debt compared to younger ones. Practices such as co sleeping and sharing bed with parents significantly improve the duration and quality of sleep.
    Keywords: Sleep, Sleep habits, Sleep Pattern, children
  • Hadi Hassankhani, Amin Soheili, Issa Hosseinpour*, Jamal Eivazi Ziaei, Mina Nahamin Pages 325-333
    Introduction
    Overwhelming effects of cancer could be catastrophic for the patients and their family members putting them at risk of experiencing uncertainty, loss, and interruption in life. Also, it can influence their sense of meaning, a fundamental need equated with purpose in life. Accordingly, this study aimed to compare the meaning in life (MiL) of patients with cancer with and their family members.
    Methods
    This descriptive comparative study was conducted on 400 patients with cancer and their family members admitted to university hospitals in Tabriz and Ardebil provinces, Iran. The participants were sampled conveniently and the Life Evaluation Questionnaire (LEQ) were used for collecting data which analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics.
    Results
    The mean score for the MiL of patients with cancer and their family members was 119 ± 16.92 and 146.2 ± 17.07, respectively. There is a significant difference between patients with cancer and their family members in terms of MiL (p
    Conclusion
    The MiL of patients with cancer is lower than their family members which indicates the necessity for further attention to the psychological process and its modification in Iranian healthcare systems.
    Keywords: Meaning in life, Patients with cancer, Family members
  • Masoud Siratinir*, Muhammad Gooshi, Abbas Ebadi, Abbas Tavallai, Abolfazl Mohammadi Pages 335-343
    Introduction
    In psychiatric settings, aggressive events frequently occur during therapy. These events, which tend to threaten the safety of the patient and the staff, can lead to the enforcement of compulsory measures such as the isolation or restraining of the patient. The use of a proper standard scale to register aggression can facilitate the assessment and control of aggression and help reduce its frequency and severity. The review of literature revealed only a few studies conducted on aggressive behavior in hospitalized psychiatric patients in Iran and showed that the lack of a reliable and valid observation scale for registering in psychiatric settings. The aim of this study is to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Staff Observation Aggression Scale—Revised (SOAS-R).
    Methods
    This psychometric study of the scale was conducted to determine the validity and reliability of the SOAS-R. The validation of the scale was assessed on the basis of 319 aggressive events in the psychiatric wards of the Baqiyatallah and Roozbeh hospitals. Convenience sampling was used for subject selection. Psychometric properties of SOAS-R were studied in two stages. First, the standard scale was translated according to the International Quality of Life Assessment (IQOLA) translation methodology. The face validity, content , and construct validity of the translated version were then determined. The construct validity of the scale was assessed by comparing the known groups.
    Results
    The internal consistency of the whole scale was 0.99. The intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) were 0.852–0.995 while kappa coefficient was 0.43 to 0.65 for the different aspects of the SOAS-R. The validity of the scale was concurrently assessed by using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), with a Spearman-Brown correlation coefficient of 0.90.
    Conclusion
    These results showed a favourable validity and reliability for the Persian version of the SOAS-R for the assessment of aggressive behaviour in psychiatric patients.
    Keywords: Aggression inpatients, Psychiatric wards, SOAS-R, Reliability, Validity
  • Masoumeh Shohani, Vahid Zamanzadeh* Pages 345-357
    Introduction
    Professionalism is one of the fundamental concepts in nursing and the result of the interaction with the environment and others. Nursing professionalism impact on quality of care and affected by several factors. This study aimed to determine the attitude of nurses to professionalism and the factors affecting it.
    Methods
    In this descriptive study, the attitude among nurses to professionalism has been measured by using the questionnaire Hall, in five dimensions "membership in professional organizations", "public service", "a sense of calling", "self-regulation"," autonomy" and a researcher made questionnaire about effective factors. 185 nurses working in health centers under the supervision of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, using stratified random sampling participated in the study. Data using SPSS software, descriptive and inferential statistics, were analyzed.
    Results
    The results showed that the nurse's attitude to professionalism is the average level. Among the five dimensions, the scores from highest to lowest consist of "membership in professional organizations", "a sense of calling", "self-regulation", "autonomy" and "public service". The relationship between nurses attitudes toward professionalism and variables of work experience and participation in training courses for individual empowerment was statistically significant (P
    Conclusion
    The professional attitude among nurses is the average level. Given the importance of the professionalism in nursing and the influence of various factors, efforts are done to achieve the desired level and reducing the barriers.
    Keywords: attitude, professionalization, nurses
  • Mohammadreza Dinmohammadi, Hamid Peyrovi*, Neda Mehrdad Pages 359-369
    Background
    Professional socialization is a critical aspect of nursing students’ development, which begins with entry into the nursing program and continues when beginning professional practice. The aim of this study was to explore the socialization of Iranian BSN students in nursing profession.
    Methods
    An exploratory qualitative approach utilizing Straussian version of the grounded theory (1998) method was used. Individual in-depth semi-structured interviews were undertaken with 14 participants chosen from two large nursing schools in an urban area of Iran through purposive and theoretical sampling. The data were analyzed using the constant comparative method.
    Findings: Five main categories and eleven subcategories emerged and integrated around one core category. Professional metamorphosis as the core variable was a complex and interrelated process (consisting of three stages: dependence, disintegration, and integration) with dynamic, ongoing, and personal features influenced by professional and extra-professional context. The students assumed passive role in the initial of their studies. However, during the last year of educational program, they gradually involved actively in dealing with own personal and professional issues.
    Conclusion
    This study introduced "professional metamorphosis of BSN students" as a substantive grounded theory in the socio-cultural context of the health care system in Iran. During this process, students move from outsider personal position to insider professional position. The nurse educators and administrators may develop effective educational interventions to promote professional socialization of students with an understanding of the promoting and driving forces influencing socialization.
    Keywords: Professional socialization, Metamorphosis, Student nurse, Grounded theory, Nursing, Iran
  • Nasibeh Sharifi, Somayeh Khazayian, Reza Pakzad, Azita Fathnezhad Kazemi*, Hashemih Chehreh Pages 371-380
    Introduction
    Despite medical advances, preterm delivery remains a global problem in developed and developing countries. Aim: The present study was aimed at conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies on the prevalence of preterm delivery in Iran.
    Materials And Methods
    This systematic review and meta-analysis study was carried out on studies conducted in Iran by searching databases of SID, Magiran, Irandoc, MEDLIB, Iranmedex, PubMed, Web of science, Google Scholar and Scopus. The search was conducted using advanced search and keywords of preterm delivery and equivalents of it’s in Mesh and their Farsi, s Synonymous in all articles from 2000-2016. Finally, 19 articles were included in the study using Hoy et al Tool. After extracting the data, data were combined using random model. Heterogeneity of studies was assessed using I2 index and data were analyzed using STATA Ver.11 software.
    Results
    The total number of samples in this study was 41773. In 19 reviewed articles, the overall prevalence of preterm delivery based on the random effects model was estimated to be a total of 10% (95% CI, 9%-12%). The lowest incidence of low birth weight was 5.4% in Bam (95% CI, 3.9%-6.9%) and the highest prevalence was 19.85% in Tehran (95% CI, 16%-23.7%). There was no significant difference between the incidence of preterm delivery compared to year of study (b= 1×10 -3, p=0.821) and sample size (b=-9.81 × 10 -6, p=0.179).
    Conclusion
    This study reviewed the findings of previous studies and showed that preterm delivery is a relatively prevalent problem in Iran. Therefore, adopting appropriate interventions in many cases including life skills training, self-care and increasing pregnancy care to reduce theses consequences and their following complications in high risk patients seem necessary.
    Keywords: Preterm delivery, prevalence, systematic review, Iran