فصلنامه مطالعات حقوق بشر اسلامی
پیاپی 4 (تابستان 1392)

Torture is one of the major is the most serious crimes against human rights. This is the basis of legitimacy, in terms of Islamic teachings and principles of human rights and human dignity is an insult to human dignity. The legal system of the Islamic Republic of Iran, frankly, the absolute prohibition of torture is accepted. This decision can be based on sacred concepts of Islam and also the Convention on International School International sought to sanction torture. The evidence refers to public perception religious rulings objected to any form of harassment towards humans prohibited and the international community to seriously get to the root of the phenomenon is now out. Iran’s penal system to comply with the fundamental principles of the legal system and the constitution to act in support of a criminal offense - they are tortured. Article 578 of the Penal Code the crime of torture has ruled. This is due to the faults of cannot deserve to Article 38 of the constitution is enforced. However, with regard to Article 38 of the constitution in an appropriate manner the absolute ban on torture has raised the question since the reform laws and principles of the constitution; they can be a big step in the prevention of crime.

The third-generation solidarity rights or human rights needs effort and cooperation of all countries in the world, and this is why solidarity right name is called the law. One of The third generation of the rights embodied is the right to a healthy environment. Undoubtedly, when pollution and degradation, overtake the environment; risk of disease and mortality are increased and life expectancy age for that country and its neighbors will be reduced. Sometimes pollution has such Destructive effects that next generation will suffer from them. Therefore, preservation of environmental from a variety of pollutants is closely linked to the health of its residents.

The concept of freedom has always been one of the most controversial human rights issues have been considered by legal scholars. On this occasion we decided to present a brief definition of the concept Islamic nature of the resources of the particular commands of Amir Almomenin Graph, Theory and Practice of the Amir Almomenin and the government to ensure the rights of Human as a model to study. In this way, we realize the significance of freedom in the exalted Islamic law and the guidelines provided in the manner of Alavi. There are limitations in this area to attract attention and make graphs. Despite the variety of God-given rights in Islamic thought and consequently the definition of the concept, this right is not absolute rights, norms and values to enable limits on it. Finally, we briefly review the most important limitations to freedom of opinion, as one of the most controversial is the meaning of freedom in Islamic Thought.

International sanctions is one of the tools to force governments to change their behavior. This tool is based on the negation of the principle of equality of States and is considered on unfriendly, means that one or more of the other things they wanted to dramatic changes in the fundamental norms, structures, and behavior. Since the realization of the Islamic Republic of Iran, the U.S. and Western sanctions were unilateral in over thirty years, stepped and gradual process over the toughest and most comprehensive sanctions in the international system against Iran. In this study, discourse analysis and principlesgoverning public order and the sanctions that target Iran so we will describe the emprise against these Anti legal actions and makes them into opportunity.

Imam Ali (AS) as the leader of Muslims during his reign, was Sensitive, ambitious and hard against basic human rights and is committed to providing the necessary capacities and skills to ensure that the rights are asserted. Because he believed that man credited with being the people who are part of a series of legal rights and deprived of their inherent natural rights makes loss of identity and human person. As in appointment of Malek Ashtar as the Governor, Imam Ali notified Maine and fundamental human rights to Malek Ashtar as Charter form of government. what is the position of human rights In view of Imam Ali (AS) and What is the state under the Charter of Human Rights and Fundamental are questioned that will be answered in this article. In this paper, after reviewing the theoretical literature on human rights, using content analysis, extraction and analysis of fundamental human rights in the Charter, are analyzed. The findings show not only that the fundamental rights of human civilization recognized in the twentieth century but also there are some compatibility with the Charter of the government of Malek Ashtar.So in view of the state of human rights in the Charter of Human Rights, the prevailing view is displayed.

Importance rules of law depends on factor of Implementation that is known with it. In other words, compared to other areas such as ethics, they have Element of the legal obligation to support and ensure the implementation. Enforcement of laws and regulations enacted primarily with principles and specific law has been detected. However, while such a support for the legislation codified and enacted, in its place, it is necessary, Adherence to the rules and laws that form the internal culture based on their beliefs become more strengthen. So individuals beyond the inner compulsion and fear of punishment by authorities makes people to abide the rules and requirements. Human rights in Islamic societies, in addition to laws and regulations, actions and interactions of individuals are not scheduled agenda it also has the capacity to rely on faith and religious doctrines and beliefs of the people. Enforcement is more important than what is seen in non-specific and secular communities.