International Journal Of Bio-Inorganic Hybrid Nanomaterials
Volume:3 Issue: 4, winter 2015

The zinc-cadmium oxide (ZnO-CdO) nanocomposites with different weight percentages of cadmium oxide (CdO) nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by the sonochemical method using zinc and cadmium nitrates as precursors to probe their nano-structured surfaces for the decomposition reactions of chloroethyl phenyl sulfide (CEPS) as a surrogate of sulfur mustard agent simulant. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) techniques were used to consider the characterization and determination of the composition of the synthesized nanocomposites. The reactions were carried out in methanol, chloroform and n-heptane solvents and monitored by Gas chromatography equipped with Flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and Gas chromatography coupled with a mass spectroscopy analyses. The GC analysis clearly demonstrated that maximum decomposition (100%) of CEPS took place on the surface of porous ZnO-25.99 wt% CdO nanocomposite catalyst in n-heptane solvent, after 6 h at room temperature (RT).

The development of multicomponent reactions (MCRs) designed to produce elaborate biologically active compounds has become an important area of research in organic, combinatorial, and medicinal chemistry. A comparative study of the synthesis of new bis-spiro-oxindolo(pyrrolizidines/pyrrolidines) ring systems by the cycloaddition of azomethine ylides generated by a decarboxylative route from sarcosine/proline and isatin with the bis-chalcone using various conditions is described. As part of our endeavor to synthesize new bis-spiro-oxindolo(pyrrolizidines/pyrrolidines) derivatives containing two spiro carbons which often enhances the biocidal profile or may create new medicinal properties remarkably. Herein we report the facile synthesis of bis-spiro-oxindolo(pyrrolizidines/pyrrolidines) derivatives, in a highly regio- and stereoselective manner through 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of bis-dipolarophiles with the 1,3-dipole generated from isatin derivatives and secondary amino acids (L-proline or sarcosine). The structures of cycloaddition products were assigned by IR, 1HNMR, 13CNMR and Mass spectral data.

ZnFe2O4 mixed spinel ferrite nanoparticles obtained through a citrate-nitrate combustion method. Ignited products calcined at different temperatures in 600-900ºC range and effect of calcination treatment temperature investigated. Final Products characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). The average particle size calculated from Scherrer equation. Results demonstrate good agreement with total rule of increase in particle size by increasing of calcination temperature. Average particle size from X-ray data sheets for 900ºC was about 54 nm.

The paper is focused on the formation of calcium phosphate nanoparticles (CP) in polyelectrolyte-modified microemulsions, in a microemulsion template phase consisting of cyclohexane, water, anionic surfactantant and cosurfactant, in the presence of anionic and cationic polyelectrolyte. It is shown that polyelectrolyte, can be incorporated into the individual inverse microemulsion droplets. The microemulsion droplets and polyelectrolyte-filled microemulsion droplets can be successfully used as a template phase for the nanoparticles formation. Prepared CP in the presence of anionic polyelectrolyte has a different morphology from samples which are synthesized in the presence of cationic polyelectrolyte. Cationic polyelectrolyte(poly diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride PDADMAC) leads to formation of needle-like CP (10-20 nm in diameter and 100-150 nm in length). Formation of CPat room temperature was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Size and morphology of the CP samples were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM).