فصلنامه طب مکمل
سال پنجم شماره 2 (پیاپی 15، تابستان 1394)

Nausea and vomiting are among the most common complications of Caesarean section and may cause suture dehiscence, esophageal perforation, gastric aspiration, and delay in hospital discharge. The aim of this study was to compare the antiemetic effect of Ginger, Gabapentin, and Ondansetron for prevention of nausea and vomiting after cesarean section by spinal anesthesia. This randomized, double-blind placebo controlled clinical trial was done on 208 women undergoing elective cesarean section. After taking written informed consents, they were divided into four equal groups. 300 mg Gabapentin, 8 mg Ondansetron, 1 gr Ginger, and placebo were administered to each group. Before performing spinal anesthesia and after the operation in recovery, and also in 2, 4, and 6 hours intervals after the surgery, nausea and vomiting were recorded based on a four point scale. Data was analyzed by SPSS 19 using one way ANOVA, independent t-test and Chi square. There were no significant differences among the four groups according to age, gravidity; mothers` mean atrial pressure and heart rate before and during surgery, newborns` APGAR score and mothers` consciousness. Nausea and vomiting in Gabapentin (0.28±0.34), Ondansetron (0.28±0.25), and Ginger (0.27±0.85) groups were significantly less than placebo group (1±0.22) (p=0.01), whereas there were no significant differences among the three groups (p=0.05). Using Gabapentin, Ondansetron and Ginger with the same antiemetic effect are appropriate for women undergoing cesarean section.

Chronic kidney diseaseis associatedwithmental and emotional healthproblemsfromthe beginning ofthe diagnosis. Since spirituality, spiritualattitudeandspiritual carehavea significantroleina person’smental and emotional health, they canbe consideredasimportantresourcesfor coping withstressful lifeevents.Therefore this studywas designedto investigate therelationship between spiritual healthwhit attitude tospiritualityandspiritual careinhemodialysis patients. This is a descriptive analytical study. 50hemodialysis patients from Pasteurhospitalin Bam city were selected by census method and participated in the study after obtaining informed consents. Data was collected by spiritual attitude and spiritual care, and spiritual health questionnaires. Data analysis was done using Pearson correlation coefficient, one way ANOVA and t-test. The total score of spiritual attitude and spiritual care was 74.4 ± 7.08 and total score of spiritual health was 76.22 ± 5.91. There was a significant correlation between the total spiritual attitude and spiritual care with the total score of spiritual health (r=0.54, p=0.001).Also there was asignificant relationship between spiritual attitude and spiritual care, and spiritual health with demographic variables in terms of participating in religious ceremonies (p=0.03), charity contribution (p=0.006), and Quran recitation (p=0.02). Regarding the high spiritual attitude and spiritual care, and medium spiritual health in participants, providingeducational courses with emphasis on religious patterns and religious practice to improve patients` self-care and quality of life can be recommended.

Symptoms and complications of menopause affect menopausal women’s quality of life. In order to control these symptoms and improving their quality of life, this study was done to evaluate the effect of Glycyrriza glabra on quality of life in postmenopausal women. This Randomized clinical trial was carried out between Octobers to March 2014 at Arastoo clinic in Arak. Samples were 60 postmenopausal women which were selected by convenient method and after obtaining informed consent were randomly allocated into two groups. The first group received three Glycyrriza glabra tablets (containing 380 mg extract) three times daily for one month at morning, noon and night. The second group received placebo. Quality of life was investigated by Menopause Quality of Life Questionnaire (MENQOL) before and one month after the intervention. Data was analyzed under SPSS V.16 using Chi-square, ANOVA, and Mann-Whitney tests. Both groups were similar in terms of demographic characteristics. Results indicated that before the intervention there was no significant difference among the two groups in total quality of life (p=0.001), and vasomotor (p=0.181), psychosocial (p=0.145), physical (p=0.711) and sexual (p=0.51) dimensions. But one month after the intervention there was significant difference among the two groups in total quality of life (p=0.001), and vasomotor (p=0.001), psychosocial (p=0.001) and physical (p=0.001) dimensions. According to the results, consuming Glycyrriza glabra was effective in improving quality of life in menopausal women.

One of the most important nursing care of critically ill patients is maintaining oral health. This study was conducted to compare the effect of two mouthwashes (Miswak/Aloe Vera and chlorhexidine) on the gingival index of patients in intensive care units. This randomized clinical trial performed on 76 patients admitted in critical care unit. Oral care and mouth washes in intervention group done by Miswak/Aloe Vera solution and in control group by chlorhexidine solution.To collecting the data (baseline and after 4 days) MGI gingival index were used. In this study, the mean age of patients was 62/1±12/3. Most subjects were male, smokers, with neurological disorders. There were no significant differences between groups in terms of demographics and risk factors. Results showed, although the MGI was significantly decreased in both groups after intervention, But the decline was greater in the intervention group, so that MGI after the intervention was significantly lower than the control group. Herbal mouthwashes of Miswak/Aloe Vera is more effective than chlorhexidine in improving MGI. However, further studies should be performed to investigate the possible effect of this herbal mouthwash on microbial load and respiratory infections in critically ill patients.

Hemodialysis patients are often concerned about the unpredictable future of their illness and often develop emotional problems such as depression. New researches suggest that strong religious beliefs can bring positive psychological effects. This study is conducted to determine the relationship between resorting to pray and depression in hemodialysis patients admitted to Kamkar-Arabnia Hospital of Qom University of Medical Sciences. In this cross sectional-analytical, single-group, single-phase study 200 hemodialysis patients were selected purposively in dialysis unit of Kamkar-Arabnia hospital affiliated to Qom University of Medical Sciences. After obtaining written consent, data was collected by prayer Meraviglia frequency questionnaire, consisting of four parts; demographic characteristics, prayer frequency, past experience of praying and attitude towards praying, and also beck depression questionnaire. Data was analyzed with Pearson test. Patient's mean score of depression and resorting to prayer was 22.27±9.64 (range of 0 to 63) and 174.81±21.67 (range of 32 to 224) respectively. There was a significant indirect relationship between prayer frequency (r = -0.30, p = 0.0001) and resorting to prayer (r = -0.15, p = 0.02) with patient's depression. By increasing the resort to prayer, depression was decreased in hemodialysis patients. So religious beliefs can be used to improve hemodialysis patients’ health.

Oxidative stress is considered as one of the factors that can damage tissues. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of short term dark chocolate supplementation pre-incremental exercise on vascular lipid peroxidation in active young girls. This is a semi-experimental study. 16 active girls in two groups of experimental (dark chocolate supplementation) and control (avoiding the use of chocolate) participated in this study after completing consent forms. Experimental group consumed dark chocolate (80 grams per day) three days before exercise. After that, the two groups participated in a session of incremental exercise. Venous blood samples were taken in three stages for measurement of H2O2 and MDA concentration; prior to exercise test, immediately and 1 hour after exercise. MDA and H2O2 concentration in both groups had no significant changes after incremental exercise and recovery in comparing to basal state (intra group comparison) (p≥0.05). But experimental group compared to control group had a lower H2O2 level in three stages of basal state (experimental: 1.25±0.45, control: 2.08±0.42) (p=0.004), after exercise (experimental: 1.68±0.30, control: 2.16±0.52) (p=0.05) and recovery (experimental: 1.51±0.30, control: 2.18±0.44) (p=0.006). Short term dark chocolate supplementation maybe effective in controlling the upward trend of the lipid peroxidation during incremental exercise in young active girls.

Saffron (Crocus Sativus L) has various pharmacological effects. Gold nanoparticle (GNPs) is involved in cell function and differentiation. In this study the osteogenic effects of Saffron extract and biogenic synthesis gold nanoparticles (GNPs) using Shirazi Thyme (Zataria multiflora) leaves was investigated on differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). In this exoerimental study, Wistar rat bone marrow cells were collected and identified. Then these cells were detected by flow cytometry.Cytotoxicity of GNPs and Saffron extract was measured by MTT assay(. Samples were divided to 3 experimental groups and were treated with GNPs (20 µg/ml), Saffron extract (400 µg/ml), and a combination of Saffron extract and GNPs (400 and 20 µg/ml respectively). Differentiation effects were investigated by alizarin red staining after 21 days and alkaline phosphates (ALP) activity after 14 days. Flow cytometry analysis of surface specific marker confirmed the presence of stem cells. According to the results of MTT assay (P<0.05), the concentrations chosen for combination had not affect cell viability. Alizarin red staining showed Saffron extract and GNPs alone increased osteogenic differentiation. This effect on synergic group was higher. Alkaline phosphates activity in the combined Saffron and GNPs group showed a significant increase compared to the other groups. According to the findings of this study, synergic used of Saffron extract and GNPs effectively enhance BMSCs differentiation.

Most women experience premenstrual syndrome (PMS) in their reproductive age. This syndrome is a combination of periodic occurrence of physical, psychological and behavioral symptoms. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Pilates exercise and Fennel on pre-menstrual syndrome symptoms in non-athletic girls. This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 40 non-athlete female students who had been diagnosed with premenstrual syndrome. After necessary explanations, they were assigned into four experimental groups (Pilates, Fennel, Fennel and Pilates, and a control group). Pilates exercise was performed 3 sessions a week for 4 weeks. Fennel extract was used 2 times a day for a Month. Participants were investigated pre and post-intervention, using a premenstrual symptoms screening tool (Iranian species). One way ANOVA and dependent t- test were used to compare the obtained data (p≤0.05). Data showed that there were no significant differences between the 4 groups before intervention, but 1 month after doing Pilates exercise and consuming Fennel extract, the severity of physical(p=0.001), mood symptoms(p=0.0001) and impact on life(p=0.0001) in the 3 intervention groups was significantly lower than control group. Pilates exercise with consumption Fennel extract decreases the severity of premenstrual syndrome.