فهرست مطالب

Thrita - Volume:7 Issue: 22, Dec 2018

Thrita
Volume:7 Issue: 22, Dec 2018

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1397/09/11
  • تعداد عناوین: 8
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  • Seyed Behnamedin Jameie * Page 1
  • Masoud Eslami*, Behnam Jameie , Raheleh Mollajani , Jinous Manouchehri Page 2
    Neurodegenerative dysfunction is an improvement defeat of construction and utility of neurons. Parkinson, Alzheimer, central stroke, anxiety, and depression are examples of such disorders. To improve the quality of life in people with neurodegenerative diseases, Yoga therapy is operative. Yoga has valuable properties through direct influence on the sympathetic and parasympathetic activity in the autonomic nervous system. It decreases expressively neurotransmitters that are involved in these illnesses. Mind’s relaxation and diaphragmatic respiration (MRDR) on basis of scientific Yoga progresses social interactions, quality of life, and helps individuals approach life with new positivity and ability. The aim of this study was to improve the significant role of NRDR techniques as complementary medicine in prevention and control of neurodegenerative disorders.
    Keywords: Mind’s Relaxation, Diaphragmatic Respiration, Scientific Yoga, Neurodegenerative Disease
  • Maryam Doshmanziari, Arash Sarveazad, Fatemeh Moradi, Marjan Shariatpanahi, Esfandiar Doshmanziari, Sara Simorgh, Mina Eftekharzadeh * Page 3
    Background

    Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neuropsychiatric disorder that gradually impairs memory and behavioral functions. Amyloid beta (Aβ) is considered as the most toxic substance in the brain of AD patients.

    Objectives

    The present study was designed to evaluate Aβ deposits by Immuno- and Thioflavin S-costaining in the hippocampus of a rat model of AD after intravenous injection of human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs).

    Methods

    Thirty-two male rats were included in the four groups of control, sham, AD and hADSCs. The hADSCs characterization was confirmed by the flow cytometry technique. Immuno- and Thioflavin S-costaining was utilized for detecting Aβ plaques in the hippocampus of a rat model of AD following injection of hADSCs.

    Results

    Statistical analysis revealed that Aβ plaques increased significantly in the AD group compared to the control and sham groups. The administration of hADSCs significantly decreased immunoreactivity and Thio-S-positive plaques in the AD group. We also found that the plaques detected by anti-Aβ antibody (immunohistochemical staining) were significantly more than those distinguished by Thioflavin-S in all the groups.

    Conclusions

    Results showed that hADSCs played an effective role in decreasing amyloids aggregation following migration to the hippocampus of the rat model of AD.

    Keywords: Alzheimer’s Disease, Thioflavin, Amyloid Beta Protein, Stem Cell Transplantation
  • Behzad Nasirpour , Mohammad Sadegh Bagheri*, Behnam Jameie Page 4
    Background
    Prefrontal cortex (PFC) is believed to manipulate cognitive control and mnemonic process to overcome interference. The interaction among memory, cognitive control, and language learning is still under debate.
    Objectives
    This study investigated how episodic, semantic, and working memory (WM) as linguistically dependent retrieval cues can entail the interference process among EFL (English as a foreign language ) individuals.
    Methods
    Combining the samples from five testing sectors in Shiraz, Iran, yielded data from 78 adult participants (33 males; 52 EFL independent users; 26 basic users; mean age 34.63). The participants took the test package of selection mechanism measures in resolving interference (SMMRI), including selection in semantic/episodic memory and WM/priming (backward printed reading comprehension). Both descriptive statistics (mean scores, standard deviations) and inferential statistics (Correlations, t-tests, interface resolution (IR)) were performed using SPSS software version 25.0.
    Results
    There was a downward trend in the order of magnitude from episodic (OLD-NEW) toward semantic (high-selection) toward WM/priming. Also, there was a moderate/high correlation among the aforementioned memories. There was a significant difference in IR-scores between basic and independent users.
    Conclusions
    Hierarchical process of compromises between L2 (Second language) memories indicated that the interactions of different cognitive sub-components played a central executive role. The difference between IR-scores revealed that training on WM tasks, which demanded higher activations in the PFC, could enhance the ability in resolving interference. Retrieval cues have limited concomitant memory capacity that integrate morphological, semantic, and syntactic features. However, men outperformed females in semantic selection, no significant gender difference was seen in episodic selection.
    Keywords: L2 Cognitive Control, L2 Memory Pathways, Interference, Retrieval
  • Mona Farhadi*, Behnam Jameie , Parisa Honarkaran , Raheleh Mollajani , Mana Jameie , Melika Jameie Page 5
    The application of traditional and industrial addictive drugs is expanding in the developed societies. Carvacrol is widely used in traditional medicine, and methamphetamine, directly and indirectly, affects all organs. According to the mechanism of methamphetamine, the therapeutic effects of antioxidants were recently considered in order to reduce methamphetamine abuse outcomes. The current study aimed at evaluating the anti-apoptotic effect of carvacrol on spermatogenesis of rats treated with methamphetamine. Thus, 32 adult male rats were randomly divided into four groups: positive control, negative control, sham, and experimental. Spermatogenic cells and testis tissue were evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin staining technique and the expression of P53 was assessed by Western blotting as a factor to induced apoptosis. The current study data showed that methamphetamine significantly reduced spermatogenic cells in the positive control group, while carvacrol increased these cells in the experimental group. Also, carvacrol decreased P53 expression in the experimental group compared with the positive control group (P < 0.05). Therefore, carvacrol had an anti-apoptotic effect by suppressing P53 protein expression. Altogether, carvacrol can reduce some of the common symptoms related to methamphetamine abuse including infertility and induction of apoptosis.
    Keywords: Methamphetamine, Spermatogenesis, Carvacrol, Apoptosis
  • Alireza Khalaj , Arash Salman Yazdi*, Zary Sabet , Maryam Abbasi , Saiedeh Jafari , Zohre Kaedi , Soheil Omidmalayeri Page 6
    Background
    Obesity is accompanied by a number of comorbidities that gravely lower patients’ quality of life; one such comorbidity is serum lipid abnormalities. Studies have shown that weight loss decreases serum total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and increases high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. Bariatric surgery is one of the most recent ways to treat obesity and manage weight loss in overweight patients whose options for weight loss are limited.
    Objectives
    The aim of this study was to assess the effect of bariatric surgery on lipid profile of surgical candidates during the three months of post-operative care.
    Methods
    This prospective study was performed among 36 obese candidates of bariatric surgery at Mostafa Khomeini Hospital in Tehran, Iran from April to September of 2012. Body mass index (BMI), serum cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL and LDL levels were measured before and three months following the surgical intervention.
    Results
    The mean age of the participants was 35.39 ± 10.32 years. Mean body mass index (BMI) of the patients before surgery was 46.74 ± 6.71 kg/m2, which was lowered to 38.24 ± 5.31 kg/m2 after the intervention. Assessments showed a statistically significant increase in the serum level of HDL and a statistically significant decrease in the serum level of triglycerides, but no significant change in the serum level of cholesterol or LDL was noted. Moreover, results showed a positive correlation between serum LDL variations and changes in BMI.
    Conclusions
    Our findings showed that bariatric surgery improves weight loss and can help with managing or treating co-morbid illnesses through reducing triglyceride level and increasing HDL level, both of which improve patients’ long-term cardiac, hepatic and endocrine health status.
    Keywords: Sleeve Gastrectomy, Gastric Bypass, Bariatric Surgery, Lipid Profile, Triglyceride, Cholesterol
  • Seyed Ali Hosseini*, Saeedeh Shadmehri , Zahra Rahimi Bazkhaneh , Maria Rahmani , Nasibeh Kazemi Page 7
    Background
    Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease that leads to elevated levels of adipokines.
    Objectives
    The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of combined exercise on retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4), fatty acid-binding protein (FABP) and lipocalin-2 in diabetic women.
    Methods
    In this semi-experimental study, 18 diabetic women referred to the Bojnourd Diabetes Association were selected and divided into two groups of combined training and control. The combined training group performed resistance and endurance training for eight weeks, three sessions per week and each session for 60 minutes. The control group only had their daily routine. Before performing the pre-test and at the end of eight weeks, 5 cc of blood from the brachial vein of all the subjects was taken in fasting state. Data were analyzed by covariance, independent samples t-test and paired sample t-test. P value less than 0.05 was considered significant.
    Results
    Eight weeks of combined training had a significant effect on reducing FABP (P = 0.02) and RBP4 (P = 0.01) in diabetic women. However, there was no significant effect on lipocalin-2 in diabetic women (P = 0.86).
    Conclusions
    It seems to that diabetic women can implement eight weeks of combined resistance and endurance training to improve their serum levels of RBP4 and FABP.
    Keywords: Training, Diabetes, RBP4, FABP, Lipocalin-2
  • Sedigheh Ebrahimi , Soheil Ashkani, Esfahani * Page 8