پژوهشنامه سبک زندگی
پیاپی 3 (پاییز و زمستان 1395)

The divine name “Allah” is the most embracing name of Him. The fair name al-Rahman means benevolent and merciful. Al-Rahman manifests in the name “benevolent”. As religion is revealed according to the embracing name of al-Rahman, one may infer that benevolence is the core essence of religion. The subject matter of this article is the theory of benevolence. The theory suggests that from one side benevolence is the manifestation of the all-embracing name of al-Rahman and from another side it is the pure religion embracing all dimensions of religion. There are different principles for this theory. In what follows, the author has tried to examine the principles of and reasons for the benevolence theory in the light of the Qur’an and mysticism studying various aspects of it, as well.

In what follows, the author has studied the capacity ability and competence of psychology when used to analyze and explain the issues of life style. His method is to analyze the quality of the original literature and classic texts of psychology. The data of this research are: for description explanation prediction control and change of behaviors and examples of life style, we can use psychology of growth in different cycles of life, aspects and factors of growth; we can use psychology of personality in needs motives development of personality personal differences and theories of personality; we can use social psychology in attitude prejudgment interpersonal attraction aggressiveness and social influence; and lastly we can use bedside psychology in psychometric treating anxiety and mental pressure methods of amending behaviors and ways of psychotherapy. The conclusion is that we can and must make use of different branches of psychology in description and explanation of life style thus a better understanding of the issues of life style.

Strengthening the family life plays a significant role in the firmness of values in society. Nonetheless, the family life system has been facing fundamental challenges of modern era and its foundations being undermined. In what follows, the author has examined the emotional - mental factors in strengthening the family life in the light of the Qur’an and hadith as an Islamic approach to the life style. Due to the weight of the Islamic beliefs and values, making use of the teachings of the Qur’an and those of Ahlu al-Beit’s hadiths can play a significant role in strengthening the family life of Muslims. In his research, the author has undertaken the analytic-descriptive method, methods of interpretation of the Qur’an and those of understanding hadiths in the school of Ahlu al-Beit. According to the findings of this research, expressing kindness, mental support, mutual respect, optimism, humility, forgiving, concealing the faults of others, controlling negative excitements, appreciating one another, meeting marital needs of one’s spouse, performing joyful entertainments for the family are among those to fortify the foundations of the family life. As a result, skills of the Islamic life style will help us with the amendment of our examples of behavior to have more stable family relations.

According to Alfred Adler’s psychology, the meaning of life as a discipline to know the life and its objectives has been one major concern of mankind during history. In his works, Adler has considered the meaning of life and life style, not as the manner or character, but as an issue to guide man’s behaviors and experiences )life( which are formed through personal character and manners. This issue may drive our attention to the relation of the meaning of life to the style of life in Alfred’s ideology. In what presented here, the author has dealt with the relation between the two concepts. The findings re-present the relation of meaning of life to the life style in Adler’s point of view. The author has followed a descriptive analytic method by which he has relied on the library data to analyze the issue.

In what follows, the author has tried to examine the function of banquet in the Islamic life style. Referring to resources of hadith and undertaking methods of interpretation, this research goes to suggest that life style as a set of symbolic and indicative choices is composed of different elements and manifestations among which banquet is the most important one in social relation. Along with its concrete manifestations and symbolic forms suggesting the Islamic life style, this custom has a variety of functions and products outshining the social life of Muslims thus contributing mainly to the Islamic civilization. No more than the findings of this research, those products and functions in the hereafter are: “divine forgiveness”, “salvation from Hell” and “entering the Heaven”. In this material life, nonetheless, as demanded by the life style they are: “choice”, “serving as examples”, “being symbols”, “setting the limits of choices” and “offering examples of behavior” such manners as ties of kinship, intimate and emotional, those based on social trust and the like. Furthermore, banquet and having party fill up the free time and as a symbol can fulfill its function.

In his research, the author has aimed at the prediction of the inclination of university students to embark on risky behaviors for excitement and self-competence. This project is of a solidarity kind. The statistical society included all the bachelor students of Payam Nur University of Ardebil in 2015-2016 academic years. The samples were 290 students selected simply at random from different departments. The means of research included the measure for the risk of Iranian youths )Muhammadizadah and Ahmandabadi 1390(, the measure of excitement of Zukerman, and the measure of self-competence of Schwartz )1995(. The outcome of Pierson’s multiplier of solidarity suggested that the feeling of selfcompetence 0/38 and excitement 0/32 have a meaningful relation to risky behavior )P>0/01(. The step by step regression analysis suggested that the feeling of selfcompetence explains 35 percent of the variance and the non-deterring of the elements of excitement explains 41percent of the variance of the inclination towards risky behaviors )P>0/001(.