نشریه توسعه پرستاری در سلامت
سال دوم شماره 1 (زمستان 1390)

One of the most important indicators of community health planning is statistics related to causes of death in the community. Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of mortality in Iran and around the world. The main aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of mortality due to cardiovascular diseases in Aligudarz during the year1388. This study was a descriptive analytic one. The information related to about 625 cases of deceased in Aligodarz during the year 1388 was assessed using death registration software in the city health center. Then, collected Statistics were analyzed with spss software in order to calculate the mortality rate due to cardiovascular disease. Results showed that cardiovascular diseases were account for nearly about half of cases of mortality in Aligudarz during the year1388. Besides, this mortality rate was significantly high in male rather than female. findings showed that cardiovascular diseases play an important role in total mortality rate. Therefore, good planning for control and prevention of cardiovascular disease is considered as a necessity.

to improve the performance of educational institutions, identifying of improper outputs status and influential factors on incidence of relevant indicators is essential. So, this study was carried out in order to assess the miserable outputs and its related factors in Nursing & Midwifery faculty of KAUMS. in this cross sectional study all of alumni of the mentioned faculty from 1986 until the end of 2003(n=1174) were selected via census method. The questionnaire including determining indicators of improper outputs (grades average, Withdrawing, Ejection from university, education leaving, and major changing) and possible related factors was used. Data were analyzed using Odds Ratio and Difference percentage by spss16. the frequency of unacceptable total average, Withdrawing, Ejection from university, education leaving, and major changing were %8/01, %2/55, %0/51, %1/79, and %0/51 respectively. There was association between Demographic data, educational background, and admission criteria with miserable outputs. with regard to miserable outputs status and its risk factors, to improve the performance of educational institutions, the students selecting and training methods should be modified. Furthermore, planning for recognition and supporting of the vulnerable students is a must.

Regular and adequate physical activity is a major factor in maintaining good health throughout entire life course. Levels of inactivity are high in all countries. Effective educational interventions are needed to promote physical activity in all populations. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a heath education intervention on physical activity knowledge, attitude, and behavior in health volunteers of Tehran in 2008. All active female health volunteers of Tehran, district 14 (n=100) were recruited for this experimental study. Data were gathered using a questionnaire of knowledge, attitude, and behavior regarding physical activity. The questionnaire was completed by all participants in two phases of pre- and post-intervention (four weeks after the intervention). Health education intervention strategies were presented to the intervention group during three educational sessions with one week interval between the sessions. Data were analyzed using related statistical tests. Findings showed significant statistical differences in knowledge, total physical activity rate per week, and the mean sitting time per day between the control and intervention groups after the intervention (P<0.05). While, these variables were not significantly different before the educational intervention among both groups. The health education intervention presented in this study was effective in promoting knowledge, total physical activity rate per week, and mean sitting time per day among the female health volunteers.

Breast cancer is one of the most common disorders in women during current century. Despite scientific progresses and researches there is no specific cause for breast cancer. This study performed in order to determine variables demographic in women with breast cancer referred to hospitals related to Medical sciences universities in Tehran in the year 1386. This was a descriptive study has been done on 175 women with breast cancer selected randomly. Data were obtained through interview and by questionnaires include demographic characteristics. Findings were analyzed by descriptive statistical tests. Findings showed that most women (% 37/7) were in the age group of 41-50, married (% 79/4), and in regard to economic situation, % 47/4 of them were in intermediate and low level equally. Besides, all types of treatments were done for % 44, and more than 24 months past from their diagnose in % 29/7, and 64 percent were menopause, menopausal age in 67/9 percent was 41-50, in % 58/1 of samples their disease was diagnosed in menopausal period, % 89/3 reported using hormone therapy during their menopausal period and 89/3 percent didnt use hormone therapy in menopausal period. The results showed that breast cancer is a multi factorial disorder affected by different personal, familial, social, economic conditions and accessibility and time of treatment could affect symptom's severity and prognosis of the illness. Therefore, to determine and control the related factors of this disorder will be really effective for screening and controlling the high risk population.

Addiction not only results in some serious physical problems, but also results in social and economical problems for countries. On the other hand, adolescence is the most risky period for Substance Abuse. Therefore, understanding predisposing factors related to addiction could due to a purposefully planned program for prevention and follow up. The purpose of this study was the effect of instructional classes on adolescent's knowledge from predisposing factors related to addiction. This research was a semi experimental study has been done at Hamedan pre university centers. In this study 220 female students in two groups (case –control) have taken part. They are selected in randomly branch. The tool of assessment was a questionnaire that was provided by researcher. Case and control groups answered the questions then interaction performed at 20 minute. Finally, level of their knowledge about predisposing factors of addiction evaluated again. All statistics computed by the SPSS software. results showed that knowledge score in control group was not significant in test re test (p>0/05) but there was a meaningful difference in case group before and after interaction (p=0 /00, t= -20/3).Before interaction only7/5 percent in control group and 3/8 percent in case group have very good knowledge (p=0/00) but after interaction 6/6 percent in control group and 84 percent in case catch it. In this study, most adolescences knowledge about predisposing factors of addiction increased significantly after intervention. Therefore, such instructional classes are very important for them.

Multiple sclerosis (M.S) is one of the most common autoimmune diseases that affects central nervous system and causes numerous disorders. The objective of this study was investigation of side effects and symptoms in patients with Multiple Sclerosis. This research was a descriptive study. In this study, 2oo men and women suffered from M.S were selected by easy sampling method. The Study’s tool was questionnaire and data was collected by interview and were analyzed with SPSS through descriptive statistical. Results showed that 41.5% of patients have MS more than 10 years (mean 8/11 years).46/2 percent of patients experienced recurrence of their disease for at least one time during 6 months ago. The most common side effects and symptoms were: fatigue (%75/5), balance disorder (%70/5), and muscles weakness and cramps (%70). According to the results of this study, patients experience various signs and symptoms due to M.S. That these can affect on intensity and recurrence of disease and ultimately affect patient's quality of life is.

Every year, thousands of children admitted in foster care centers because of several reasons, neglect, physical abuse, parental substance abuse, divorce and social- economic poverty. In addition, living in these centers causes a host of behavioral and health problems. In regard to this issue, mental health status of 7-11 years children living in foster care centre in Tehran was assessed. we performed a cross sectional study with 105 children (57 boy, 48girl). In this research, sampling method was census. The required information about children's mental health was obtained by the child behavioral checklist (CBCL) from guardians who recognized these children on the basis of their behavior. Result have showed that most frequent type of behavioral problem in these children was as follows: Delinquent (%44/8), Externalizing (%40), Internalizing (%40), social problems (%13/3) and aggression (%11/4). Further more, the obtained total scores of questionnaire showed that more than %28 of these children had mental health problem. Ki- scoare test showed that there was a meaning full relation between problems related to attention and mental health with gender. On the basis of these finding and results of researches in other countries, full attention and health facility should be given to these findings and the results of other studies, paying full attention, assessment and further studies on high risk groups of children are recommended.

Today, surgery is one way to treatment of patients that is a stressful experience and Causes numerous Psychological reactions Such as anxiety. Purpose of the study was to determine the effect of education on level of Patient's anxiety before abdominal surgical operations. In this experimental study, 80 people (40 people in exam group and 40 people in Control group) was Selected from Candidate Patients for abdominal Surgical operations randomly and Continuously in surgical wards of Ganjavian hospital in Dezful city. Data were collected by questionnaire included individuals characteristic, disease and criteria of Visual analogue scale, anxiety level and type of intervention was face to face education about pain management. Anxiety level was measured in two groups before surgical operation, through criteria of visual analogue scale and self- report. Data were analyzed by statistic methods through SPSS software. In this research, average of anxiety level before operation in Control group was 6.80 with standard deviation of 2.8 and in exam group was 4.30 with standard deviation of 1.6. Findings of this research showed that education was effective on anxiety level before abdominal surgical operation. Therefore, education caused a reduction in anxiety level. It is suggested that for reduction of patient's anxiety before surgical operations could apply this intervention as a non- medicine in surgical wards.

Accidents and events are important health threatening factors and are most common preventable causes of death in children. It's evident that epidemiologic information related to these accidents has a main role in prevention and control of children's accidents. Therefore, this study was done to investigate the most important causes related to accident in children. This research was a descriptive study in order to assess prevalence of accidents in children less than 5 years referred to emergency ward of Imam jafar sadegh hospital in Aligodarz. Total samples were 120, and information was obtained from injured child's hospital files. Data were analyzed by spss-ver 13. Results showed that: Common causes of accidents were: falling(32/5) toxicity (26/7%) and the most injured organs were head and trunk (31/7%) and most common place of event's occurrence was home. On the basis of the results, it could be concluded that by family training, performing some tasks for increase home security, and give more attention to these problems, accidents and as a result, pediatric mortality rate will be decreased.

Back ground & Autism is a complicated disorder seems that a disorder in nervous system lead to malfunction of brain. This study’s purpose was to investigate the effect of various sensory stimulations on decreasing hyperactivity behaviors and increasing attention and concentration of autistic child to the environmental stimulation. In this study, the subject was a 10 year boy with mental age of 4, identified as an autistic case with hyperactive behaviors was referred to a speech therapy clinic. Training period was about in 60 sessions and done by a speech therapist. The result showed that effect of various sensory stimulations could be effective on reducing hyperactivity behaviors and increasing attention and concentration to environmental stimulation in autistic child. Results showed that sensory stimulation programs in therapeutic sessions of autistic children could result in significant outcomes in reduction of their problems in attention, concentration and communication.