نشریه دانش های بومی ایران
پیاپی 6 (پاییز و زمستان 1395)

In order to study Indigenous knowledge of Ganaboo plant (Medicinal and industrial of rangeland important species), which has been used from past years by local people, this research was done in TangSorkh area which have the maximum of stakeholder and the highest area of Ganaboo habitat in Kohgiluyeh and Boyerahmad. The main research method is Indigenous knowledge considering of local communities based on participatory research methods. In this study, Qualitative research methods including direct observation, interviews free, in-depth individual and group interviews and regular participation in local people's practices were used. In interviews, questions were proposed to assess Ethnoecology, Ethnopharmacology, agronomy and other issues about Ethnobotany of Ganaboo. Based on Indigenous knowledge, Ganaboo plants have Medicinal, industrial and edible uses. Most of the uses relevant to the Oleo-gum-resin production. Local communities believe Ganaboo resistant to the cold and more presence in the uplands and steep lands. It grows in all soil types and every hillside. But in the hillside Toward the sun and on the sandy, soft and red soils, produce more Oleo-gum-resin. The best way to plantng is seeding in autumn. Based on the Indigenous knowledge, age of Ganaboo should be above 7 years to obtain a good Oleo-gum-resin. The results showed Ganaboo utilization from the past known as the livelihoods ways for local communities. Overall received Indigenous Knowledge Was aware from medicinal properties, growing time, harvest time, usable organs, conditions for planting and harvesting and also find areas with the maximum Potential of growth and production of Ganaboo.

AAA (Azolla Active Acquired) has been produced during the last 10 years of intensive research to improve energy performance in internal combustion system. This product is used in vehicles or factories and reduce energy consumption of fossil fuels. In fact, AAA is the result of continuous research activities in relation to Gross Energy and Entropy in Ecosystems. This product was made by processing of organic materials and its effects on reducing fuel consumption in vehicles and different factories in industrial targets up to 20%, increased efficiency, increased torque and acceleration was approved. AAA as an additive (no colour no odour) in internal combustion system, is a liquid or solid organic material and produced under maximum concentration and high pressure. Therefore, AAA is used in internal combustion system as an organic condensation catalyst and improves combustion property of fuel. When AAA is added to internal combustion system, a unique thermodynamic behaviour is being occurred. In this regard, the electrostatic reaction between chemical components of fuel and AAA leads to changes in the final properties of the fuel, which is vitally important. In other words, AAA has a positive impact on vapour pressure increases and higher-octane fuel and at the same time, Air-Fuel Ratio on engine performance is improved.

Ranchers in rural communities work together to raise and manage their livestock activities. In the meantime, The collaboration and cooperation between farmers and particularly rural women play a key role stems. The purpose of this study was to identify local knowledge and local traditions of rural women in abunasr rural in production and management of livestock products in Bavanat city of Fars province. The research method is based on surveying methods. For data collection, qualitative techniques including direct observation, participatory observation and organized interviewing have been used. The statistical population consisted of 29 rural woman is a farmer living in the village of AbuNasr, which is collected and analyzed in a qualitative way. The results of the research indicate that there is a rich indigenous knowledge and local traditions among women in the region, due to the existence of a traditional milking system (Don) and the mechanism of milk management and dairy products. The Dun system is a traditional social institution for members who participate in the production of livestock products. This traditional system has been effective in establishing a strong social bond between livestocks and, in addition to facilitating the production and management of dairy products, has also contributed to the qualitative and quantitative increase in livestock production.

Metalworking art is one of the native arts of Iran that traditional artists of this territory have been working on it in different types and usages since the ancient times. Ring making handicraft is amongst the fine arts in this arena which in spite of many ups and downs that left behind, has remained alive and dynamic and covers a part of Iran artistic community. However, there is hardly any researches in this field; therefore, due to the research necessity on this art; The writers of this article strived to review this issue and therefore, they selected Qom province as one of the main centers of this art. The data of present developmental study with the aim of studying the construction methods and features of traditional rings of Qom province, was collected through field and documentary method. The results of this descriptive-analytical research in Statistical population of Qom ring makers indicate that the traditional ring making in Qom city has been customary in the past and also subsists continuously and Qom traditional ring productions like other traditional handicraft arts and unlike the mass production, are produced in a few numbers, single and proportional to the design and a stone selected for the ring.

Nowadays, the topic of food and its characteristics and functions in metaphysical context are considered as weird and without scientific proof in such a way that for most people this concept of food is only limited to halal (allowed) and haram (forbidden) and its influence on human’s health and body. Some people believe that studying food based on religion is unscientific and superstitious. However, in the viewpoint of religion, one of the main duties and responsibilities of religious leaders is to concentrate on food as a means to solve a number of cultural and social problems. What plays a significant role in religious food culture and is the central concern of this study is the attention paid by Islam to food as a symbolic system in the relationships of humans with each other and with God. Based on interpretivism and semiotics as the theoretical frameworks and thorough investigation of religious teachings by means of interview, this study was attempted to detect and represent the symbolic roles of food and dining together in Islamic food culture among people in Lalezar of Kerman. It was further aimed to indicate that the concepts Islam has induced to the society according to the symbolic roles of food are not pure theoretical ideals. Rather, food and the cloth around which people sit and eat food (Sofreh) are of the most suitable means of transferring religious concepts in Islamic culture. God and great Islamic figures have expressed the deepest humanity and religious concepts through the symbolic power of food. Concepts like humility, contentment, social links, social relations, social equality and social class equality.

Saffron is echo type plant of Iran. Its cultivation, nutrition and drug applications and drug were known from ancient historical period. Iranian people have excellent indigenous knowledge about saffron. In Persian literature, saffron is symbol of expensive cost and the lover that abounded form his love. The botany and cultivation of saffron were noted in old agriculture manuscripts. Two time irrigation was advised for saffron. Mouse and rabbit are two pest of saffron based on old manuscripts. In traditional medicine book , saffron was effective in internal organs and caused happiness in psychological treatment. Dangerous saffron over dosage application In some texts warned.Saffron is echo type plant of Iran. Its cultivation, nutrition and drug applications and drug were known from ancient historical period. Iranian people have excellent indigenous knowledge about saffron. In Persian literature, saffron is symbol of expensive cost and the lover that abounded form his love. The botany and cultivation of saffron were noted in old agriculture manuscripts. Two time irrigation was advised for saffron. Mouse and rabbit are two pest of saffron based on old manuscripts. In traditional medicine book , saffron was effective in internal organs and caused happiness in psychological treatment. Dangerous saffron over dosage application In some texts warned.