Preventive Care in Nursing & Midwifery Journal
Volume:1 Issue: 2, 2012

War is an unpleasant event imposes for peoples and that causes physical and psychological disorders. One of these complications is blindness. Whereas the blindness may affect the adjustment state of warfare veterans and also the psychological effects of blindness was not studied. So this study was performed to detect the adjustment status among warfare Veterans with one eye blindness in Zanjan city, 2011. This study is a crosssectional analytical descriptive study which 45 warfare veterans of zanjan city participated in the study according to census. Data was gathered using Bell Adjustment inventory. We used SPSS ver.16 and ANOVA test for statistical analysis. 45 warfare veterans of zanjan city with mean age of 48 ± 7 years participated in the study. The results showed that 66/7% of samples had moderate home adjustment. Only 11/1% had good home adjustment. Regarding to the health adjustment, most portions of samples (66/7%) had fair adjustment. Pearson correlation showed a meaningful relation between health adjustment and age of veterans (p=0/041, r=-0/30). Pared t-test showed meaningful differences between means of home and health adjustment scores. There was a meaningful difference between social adjustment and age category (p=0/016). But there were no differences in the mean of home and health adjustment scores according to age, marriage status, education, exercise, income, percentage of veterans and reason of hurt (p>0/05). In this study, a lot of veterans had not a good adjustment. So it is expected from authorities of our country to pay a lot of attention to the psychological status of veterans and holds the educational sessions about life skills and active participating in social fields to promote the physical and psychological health of veterans.

The incidence and etiologic factors of chronic urticaria, a common disease, was varied in different studies. The purpose of this study was to determine some causes of chronic urticaria and response to treatment in the patients suffering from chronic urticaria in allergy clinic of Vali-Asr Hospital in Zanjan during May 2004 to September 2007. In this study, after taking thorough history and examining patients, laboratory test including atopy, thyroid disorders, collagen vascular, liver disorders and stool examination for parasitic infestation were taken. Data were analyzed using the SPSS. One hundred forty six patients had chronic urticaria (100 females and 46 males, mean age: 30.69 years); 75 patients (51.4%) had idiopathic urticaria. From all, 42 patients (28.8%) had atopy; and 25 patients (17%) had physical urtiaria. Response to treatment was seen in more than 80% of the patients. In our study, idiopathic urtiaria was the most common one; however, the incidence was low in comparison with the other studies. We could not find any association between the consumption specific food and drugs with the urticaria. The response to treatment using the anti-histamines was very good.

Normal vaginal delivery is the best type of delivery in most cases; and cesarean section is restricted to cases in which vaginal delivery is accompanied with risks for mother and baby. The aim of this study was to determine rate and causes of cesarean delivery in an educational hospital in 2009. This was a cross-sectional study. Data were gathered using 467 patient's medical files and interviews with 391 women who underwent cesarean section and were recorded in a data sheet. Data were analyzed using the SPSS. The rate of cesarean section was 31.5% of all live births. The most causes of cesarean section were repeated cesarean section (29.6%), mecuneum staining (15%), breech presentation (14.1%), and placenta previa (10.9%). The findings of the study showed that the rate of cesarean section in our selected hospital was more than the reported rates by the WHO. Based on the results, we should decrease the rate of the first cesarean sections. In order to achieve this goal, it is essential to implement interventional programs in order to change women’s attitudes towards benefits of vaginal delivery. Moreover, we should admit low risk mothers in active phase of labor.

Health status, lifestyle and previous history of pregnancies significantly affect pregnancy outcome; however, many adverse pregnancy outcomes are preventable. This study aimed to investigate causes of hospitalization of pregnant women in delivery unit of Zanjan Ayatollah Mosavi hospital. In this cross-sectional study, the causes of hospitalization of 4830 women with gestational ages more than 20 weeks were investigated during 2009-2010. Data were collected using a check list including patient's chief complaint, women’s demographic characteristics and delivery history. Data were analyzed using descriptive test, chi square, and t-test in a confidence level of 95 %. From 4830 hospitalized women, 1278 were hospitalized due to obstetrics complications. The mean age of women was 26.52±6.26 year. The mean gestational age was 264.24±21.40 days. The most common causes of hospitalization were rupture of amniotic membranes (49.1%), preterm labor (29.3%), meconium staining (15.5%), and hypertension (11.8%). The rate of caesarian section, male baby, APGAR score lower than six in the 1st and 5th minutes of delivery, hypertension, and twin pregnancies were high in preterm labors. Meconium staining and rupture of amniotic membranes were common in term and post term deliveries. Findings showed that the most common causes of hospitalization were rupture of amniotic membranes and preterm labor. It is necessary to conduct more research on the causes of these complications.

Having a mentally retarded child has adverse effect on the structure and function of family and has physical, social and economic tension to family. The aim of this study was to investigate emotional conditions of families of mentally retarded children under protection of welfare centers.

In this survey, 140 parents of children who were suffered from mental retardation were recruited to the study. Data were gathered using a research-structured instrument via interviews with the participants. Data were analysis in the SPSS-14 using Chi-square test and the Fisher’s exact test.

The result of our study showed that 57.9% of the parents had emotional problems. The emotional problems were more serious in parents of children who were female, had mild mental retardation, were completely dependent to their family, and had behavioral problems. Moreover, in the families whose mothers were housewives, father had physical illness, the number of family members were more than four, and the monthly income of the family was less than 2000000 Rilas, the condition was more serious (p<0/05)

It is recommended to pay more attention to families of mentally retarded children via providing coping techniques and counseling services as well as supporting financially.

Cervical cancer can be recognized in pre-malignancy phase using Pap smear test. Health services employees can play an important role in educating women to participate in regular screening program. The purpose of this study was to determine knowledge, attitude and practice of female employees of health network in Guilan-Gharb about Pap smear and cervical cancer in 2011. In this study, 70 women were recruited. Data were gathered using a four-part questionnaire. Data were analyzed using central indexes, one way ANOVA test, and Pearson correlation coefficient. Participants had moderate knowledge (66.2% of the total score). There was a significant relationship between the knowledge with education, job, duration of marriage, and number of pregnancy. Participants had optimum attitude (68.97% of the total score). There was a significant relationship between the attitude with education, job, and the number of pregnancy. In total, 65.7% of the participants had once undergone a Pap smear test. Health employees have important role in educating and encouraging women to do Pap smear test; so, it is essential to promote their own knowledge, attitude, and practice on the Pap screening test.