نشریه پژوهش در طب ورزشی و فناوری
پیاپی 8 (پاییز و زمستان 1393)

The purpose of this study was to compare effect of 4 weeks of strength training in two ways of accommodation and constant resistant methods on maximum strength and power of trained athletes. Sixteen Wushu athletes and wrestlers chosen from Tehran’s clubs with a mean age of 20.50 ±2.00years, height 174.34 ± 6.53cm, weight 70.22 ± 10.50 Kg, and body fat percent, 12.87 ±. 4. 23 participated in this study. After the initial testing of the variables of maximum strength (1RM), upper body power (medicine ball to throw, cm) lower body power (vertical jump, watt) Body fat percent (Skin Fold three point), limb circumference (cm) and Weight (kg), divided in two equal groups. Each group has done resistance strength training program for 4 weeks, three sessions per week, with 85% of their 1RM, with three sets and 5 repetitions with Squat and bench press exercises. But in case of accommodation group, 20% of their 1RM was used by chain through the full range of motion. At the end of the training, re-test of dependent variables were performed under similar conditions. Covariance analysis was used to compare the progressof power and strength between the two groups. This study showed that weight (p=0.391), limb circumferences (P=143), fat (P=0.413), the upper body power (P=0.267), lower body power (P=0.252) and the maximum upper body strength (P=0. 803) there was no significant difference between groups, but in case of maximum strength of lower body (P=0.04) there was significant difference between the two groups. In analyzing the results, although most variables did not show significant difference, but the effects sizeanalyzing of groups showed that in upper body power (ES=0.62), lower body power (ES= 0.64),upper body strength (ES=0.13)and lower body strength (ES=1.84), the results were in favor of accommodation group. This difference in the maximal strength in accommodation group were (62.15% in the upper body, 68.38% lower body) and in constant strength group (86.14% in the upper body, 84.21% in the lower body) respectively. Also the effect size of power for accommodation group were (97.6% upper body, 61.6% lower body) and in constant group (16.4% upper body, 67.4% lower body), respectively. This study showed that in order to increase maximal strength and power, accommodation training method is more effective than traditional constant training.

Back ground: component of time on effectiveness and maintenance of corrective exercise has been always in the center of researchers’ attention. This study aimed to investigate the effect of 8 weeks corrective exercise on lumbar lordosis angle and the changes of the lumbar lordosis angle after a 4 months period in the hyper-lordotic pre pubertal and pubertal school girls .
The 64 lumbar lordotic schoolgirl (10 and 17 years old)were included that randomly divided into two groups: experimental (n=32) and control (n=32) The experimental groups performed corrective exercise for 8 weeks,3 session a week whereas control groups continued their usual physical and dietary activities. Lumbar lordosis angle values were measured before, after and then 4 months post training period by flexible ruler. Data were analyzed by using the variance analysis with repeated measure and α was 0.05.
The result showed lumbar lordosis decreased in pre pubertal and pubertal girls (p>0.05). The means of lumbar lordosis increased in 2th post test(p>0.05) in experimental groups wheares There were no significant differences between means of lumbar lordosis in these time points in control group (P>0.05(
the result showed corrective exercise effect on lumbar lordosis angle in pre pubertal and pubertal students However, the effectiveness of training in pubertal has been much more effective than pre puberty .Also follow up findings showed the subject are required to participate in continual corrective exercise program and should not abandon training programe with desired result.

As one of the most famous martial arts karate kata and kumite are two main ]1[. Different techniques when doing sports, including quadriceps muscles and joints (knee extensor muscles) and joint use. In this study, called the internal and external obliques broad kata and kumite athletes dominant leg when the two techniques were compared Znkutsudachi and Movashi Gray. Therefore, local and wide flat external obliques muscle activity during the two techniques in the dominant leg Karate Twenty healthy female elite athletes, (mean age 21/8) were recorded. After the onset of muscle activity was determined and the results of data processing using statistical techniques to design a mixed ANOVA between groups and within groups were examined. The results showed that flattened the internal oblique muscle Znkutsudachi techniques in kumite athletes Katakaran to be done first.

This study aimed to examine the effects of endurance swimming training during pregnancy on pregnant rat’s neonate liver tissue apoptotic index.
16 pregnant rats (200 ± 20 g) were divided into two swimming and control groups. The rats of training group were forced from first day of pregnancy to delivery in a particular pool. The sampling of the neonate liver tissue was performed two days after born and the liver apoptotic percent index was determined with TUNEL technique. Statistical analysis of the data was done using independent t-test (ɑ ≤0.05).
The results showed that the average neonate liver apoptotic index in the control and training group respectively was 6.40% and 6.20% that indicate no significant difference between two groups (p These results suggest that swimming endurance training during pregnancy maybe have no negative and worrying impact on neonate growth and liver apoptotic index.

The present study examined the prevalence of back pain and its association with anxiety and depression in nurses working in affiliated hospitals to social security organization in Isfahan city.
Research The design of this research was descriptive-correlation and its population consisted of 815 nurses working in Shariati (510 subjects) and Gharazy hospitals (305 subjects). Research sample included 244 (78 males and 166 females) with age range of 25 to 40 years and mean age 35/3±6/4 years subjects selected using stratified random sampling method. Visual analog scale of pain questionnaire (VAS), Katel Anxiety questionnaire and the Beck Depression questionnaire were used. Pearson correlation coefficient and independent t-test were used in inferential statistic part. The data were analyzed with significant level of 0/05, by SPSS 16.
The results showed that 55/3% of nurses had mechanical acute or chronic low back pain. There was a positive and significant correlation between low back pain and anxiety and depression in nurses (P ≤ 0.05). Also there was no significant difference between the mean value of pain severity in male and female nurses.
Due to the relationship between pain, anxiety and depression in nurses, attention to physical and psychological factors simultaneously in the prevention and treatment of back pain in these patients is recommended.

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of an eight- week aerobic exercise on some immune system factors in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Twenty – three women (age: 51.96 ± 7.73, weight: 72.37 ± 10 kg) were enrolled in the study voluntarily
In this quasi – experimental random study, subjects were assigned to training and control group. The training group ( n=12)participated in aerobic exercises with the intensity of 65% reserve heart rate on stationary cycle ergometer three days a week. Both groups received the same medication during the study. Differences between groups were analyzed by independent t – test and differences inside groups were analyzed by dependent t-test. Patient's blood samples were taken before and after training period and the frequency of White blood cells, A immunoglobulin and lymphocyte were also taken by standard methods.
After 8 weeks aerobic exercise, there was a significant decrease in white blood cells, BMI and also a significant increase (P0/05).
It seems submaximal aerobic exercise can activate some immune system neutralization processes against damage and phagocyte factors.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of functional fatigue on the dynamic and static balance of male students aged 15 to 18 with different plantar arch. To measure the subject's foot arch, the Navicular Drop Test was used. The subjects were then randomly divided into three groups of 22 members with different foot arches. Later on, SEBT test, Modified Stork Balance, Fatigue Protocol and Borg (RPE) scale were run. Using SPSS (version 18), the data were analyzed (p

The aim of this study was to test the effect of 50 gr changes in sport shoe's weight on Vo2max and running economy during 15 minutes running protocol.
15 active males (age of 24.60 ± 2.06; height of 178 ± 5.83 cm) were selected in this study. Subjects ittrcicitrap in a 15 minutes running protocol in three running speeds of 4, 6 and 8 km/h. Total time for each running speed was 5 minutes. Vo2max was measured using Metamax gas analyzer and running economy was determined by calculating the slope of vo2max changes during 15 minutes running. One way repeated measure ANOVA was used to test hypotheses (p Vo2 max increased significantly during 15 minutes running, however, no significant changes was observed in slope of Vo2 max when we increased 50 gr shoe's weight.
50 gr increases in sport shoe's weight could increase mean Vo2max but may not affect running economy in a 15 minutes running protocol.