فصلنامه مطالعات تاریخ فرهنگی
پیاپی 26 (زمستان 1394)

Khuzistan as a river-plain civilization during pre-Islamic and Islamic era, have had several prosperous cities which in addition to some of the most well-known cities such as Susa, Shushtar and Ahvaz, there were cities which there is no trace of them. Some of these cities which were located adjacent to Karun river were Askar Mokarran, Souq al-Arba’a, Jobai and Dorraq. The main aim of his article is to study the reasons for rise and fall of Khuzistancities during 3rd and 4th centuries AH., based on Max Weber’s theory on categorizing cities according to their nature and changes in a descriptive- analytical approach. Our hypothesis is that the existence of several rivers especially the navigable Karun river and its connection with the high seas had been the factor and platform for commercial and cultural formation and prosperous of the Khuzistan cities. According to the findings of this survey, the foundation of the most Khuzistan cities except Asskar Mokarram and Souq al- Arba’a, is dated back to pre-Islamic era. These cities had produced various merchandise and had commercial boom and consequently high cultural development. But these cities had lost their lives over time due to some natural causes such as high water and redirection of the river and also some historical cause such as the effect of Zangi revolt, the emergence of Turks, the change of commercial routs and clash between Arab native powers.

In discursive point of view, identity is the achievement of discourse and formed in it. Each discourse is the output of especial discourse and can be understand as a process and gives it a historical aspect and updates it. Since discourse is a fluid and relative fact, identity also is variable. Discourse is the output of science system and linguistic structure and each discourse is dominated over parts of society and formed individual and collective words and deeds by domination over minds. This research, based on Fairclough’s critical discourse analysis theory, had analyzed Beyhaghi’s history in three levels: First, detailed text analysis; Second, interpretation of underlying context; Third, part of social struggle in the form of power relations. The findings of this research shows the characteristics and interaction by which Beyhaghi had formed the “Us” group. Also it shows that by which differences and models he had rejected a group and how Beyhaghi’s political identity had been formed by his description of “Us” and “Other”.

Dovecotes are amongst the most important Iranian native structures which are associated with agricultural economy. Isfahan province is amongst the areas which played an important role in the background and formation of dovecotes in Iranian native history. Since dovecotes of Golpayegan and Khvansar had not been studied in a historical and archeological point of view, the aim of this research is to clarify the importance of these buildings in cultural field based on political, economic and geographical relations. This study is used the historical texts along with archeological field survey. Aiming to get the above mentioned purposes, 146 dovecotes have been identified in Golpayegan and Khvansar, and then, this assemblage has been studied in terms of architecture, function, age, activity, and settlement and distribution pattern. The results show that most of these dovecotes are assessed along the Golpayegan and Khvansar rivers and generally belong to Qajar era. In terms of typology, these dovecotes had square plan which is different from cylindrical plan of Isfahan dovecotes. Other finding of this research is that dovecotes of Golpayegan and Khvansar had been used such as other dovecotes of Isfahan for production of fertilizer used for strengthening agricultural lands.

Hand-woven carpet is one of characteristics of Iranian identity which is worldwide known. Studying antiquity of carpet shows its connection with the myths of this country. This research will consider the carpet in Pishdadi and Kiyani era according to Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh in order to recognize and analyze its usage. Since carpet’s yarns are dissoluble and due to the lack of antique samples, the history of Iranian carpet should be reviewed in written sources. Therefore, current study will use Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh specifically as an important source of Iranian civilization for analyzing carpet during Pishdadi and Kiyani era. The method of this research for collecting data is library research based on descriptive –analytical approach. Findings of this research show that in addition to literal usage of carpet in Ferdowsi’s language, and indicating the process of carpet waving, there are seven usages for carpet during aforementioned period: wedding and feast ceremonies, funeral and mourning, gift and present, bride’s dowry, war spoil, trade and home property.

Events of the First World War and its socio-political consequences have always been considered by contemporary Iranian artists. Iranian cinema had experienced making historical movies with the subject of Iran in First World War in recent decades. The aim of this research is to analyze the relation of cinema and history from Robert A. Rosenstone point of view. Then this article will study the content of Iranian historical movies related to the First World War and peruse their conceptual characteristics. This research shows that the issue of Iran during the First World War had been a forgotten subject in Pre-revolution cinema and it had became and important expression tool for representation of Iranian historical resistance and encountering with strangers. This approach propounds new subjects on these historical movies based on ideological reasons with an emphasis on some subjects after three decades of the emergence of historical cinema and its pathology.

Cappadocia which was located in Asia Minor was the main battlefield of Greeks and Achaemenids, particularly during the last years of Achaemenid rule and could change the power balance between the two states by supporting each one. During the Achaemenid era, some of Achaemenid family had been appointed as the rulers of Cappadocia and after the fall of the Achaemenids, this Satrapy became a base for the commanders who wanted to defend against Alexander and his successors. Since parts of Kingdom route passed over Cappadocia and this province was adjacent to the sea, this position gave more importance to Cappadocia. Yet, no single and comprehensive research has been conducted on the role of the Cappadocia in maintenance of the Achaemenid culture and tradition in Asia Minor. Using historical research method, historical evidences and archeological results, this paper attempts to investigate the geographical limits and position of the Cappadocia in Achaemenid era and its role in the maintenance of the culture and tradition of the Achaemenids in Asia Minor after the fall of Achaemenid kingdom.