Caspian Journal of Dental Research
Volume:4 Issue: 2, Sep 2015

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic immunological disorder with unknown etiology. Some studies have reported an association between oral lichen planus and diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to compare the frequency of diabetes mellitus in patients with oral lichen planus and healthy persons. This case ‒ control study was performed on 50 patients with OLP and 50 healthy individuals. Diagnosis of OLP was confirmed by typical clinical and histopathological findings. The control group were selected randomly from healthy individuals after matching for age and sex. Blood samples were taken to achieve 5 mL for measuring fasting serum blood glucose and HbA1C. Data were analyzed using Student’s t-test. In this case ‒ control study, 50 patients with OLP (39 females, 11 males) with a mean age of 44.5±13.24 years and 50 healthy individuals (33 females, 17 males) with a mean age of 41.3±11.44 years were evaluated. The mean fasting blood glucose and HbA1C levels in patient with OLP were 95.1 ± 8.1 and 5.1±1.3 mg/dL, and 89.1±7.7 and 4.6±1.1 mg/dL in healthy individuals (P=1). The frequency of diabetes mellitus was not significantly different between the case and the control groups. The results showed that diabetes mellitus does not have a direct role in the OLP etiology.

antimicrobial activity of irrigants and interappointment intracanal dressing is an important consideration in endodontics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of chemomechanical preparation of the necrotic canals with different irrigants and intra canal dressing in the control of root canal infection and sinus tract closure. In this study, 65 patients with sinus tract were treated. They were randomly divided into 4 groups. Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and chlorhexidine (CHX) was used as the irrigation solutions in the group one and two, then the canals were filled. In group three, after irrigation with NaOCl, Ca (OH) 2/sterile Saline was used as intra canal medicament, and similar to group three Ca (OH) 2/CHX was used in group four after irrigating by CHX. After 7 days, the intra canal paste was removed and the canals were filled. The sinus tract closure was followed up within 7, 14, and 21-day intervals. The data were analyzed using Chi Square and Kruskal-Wallis statistical tests. The highest mean time of sinus tract closure was for Ca (OH)2/sterile Saline and the lowest was for Ca(OH)2/CHX. The differences of sinus tract closure between group 2&4 (p=0.04), group 3&4 (p=0.004). Groups were statistically significant. It was concluded that Ca (OH)2/CHX paste as intra canal dressing has good clinical efficacy in the control of root canal infection and sinus tract closure.

Nowadays, several casein components such as casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) are vastly considered as a suitable replacement for fluoride component. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of CPP-ACP paste and fluoride varnish on dentin hypersensitivity reduction. In this clinical trial study, thirty adult patients between the ages of 20-50 years, presenting with the chief complaint of dentin hypersensitivity were examined. The loss of dentin was less than 0.5mm. The subjects divided into three groups: In groups I and II, patients were treated using CPP-ACP and fluoride varnish following manufacturer instructions. Group III received placebo gel. A visual analog scale was used to assess subject's response to compressed air and ice stimuli at baseline, 7 days, 28 days and 60 days after treatment. Data was analyzed by One Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Duncan Post Hoc test using the SPSS software version 21. The results showed significant statistical difference between the groups (P<0.05). In fluoride varnish group and CPP-ACP paste group, the dentin hypersensitivity significantly decreased when baseline scores compared to post treatment scores at 7, 28, 60 days (P<0.05). There was no significant statistical difference in dentin hypersensitivity reduction in fluoride varnish and CPP-ACP paste groups. The results of this study showed that both of fluoride varnish and CPP-ACP paste effectively reduced dentinal hypersensitivity compared with placebo-control group.

The bonding process of the brackets to enamel has been a critical issue in orthodontic research. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength of 3 light-cured adhesives (transbond XT, Z250, light bond). In this study sixty extracted human premolars were collected and randomly divided into 3 test groups. All teeth were etched by 37% phosphoric acid. In first group brackets were bonded by Transbond XT adhesive, in group two brackets were bonded by Light bond adhesive and in third group were bonded by filtek Z250 composite. All of them were cured with Ortholux xt for 40 seconds.24 hours after thermocycling, Shear Bond Strength (SBS) values of these brackets were recorded using a Universal Testing Machine. Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI) scores were determined after the failure of the brackets, using Stereo Microscope the data were analyzed using ANOVA and Chi-square tests. Mean shear bond strength of Transbond XT, light bond and Z250 were 28.9±2.25 MPa, 25.06±1.98 MPa and 26.8±2.57 MPa, respectively. No significant difference was observed in the SBS among the groups and a clinically acceptable SBS was found for the three adhesives. ARI scores were not significantly different between the various groups (P>0.05). This study showed that the Z250 can be used as light bond and transbond xt to bond orthodontic brackets and ARI and SBS scores were not significantly different.

The geographical distribution of head and neck cancer shows considerable variation and it is site dependent. The review of the literature shows few data concerning the head and neck cancer patterns in Iran. The purpose of this study was to represent epidemiological aspects of head and neck cancers in south east of Iran. In this retrospective study, from a total of 924 diagnosed patients with cancer in the pathology department of dentistry school archives and two main hospitals in south east of Iran during 2006-2012, 287 cases of head and neck cancer were diagnosed histopathologically. Demographic data of patients such as age, gender, location and type of cancer (carcinoma, sarcoma, melanoma, metastatic, or primary) were obtained from patients’ records. Data were analyzed by SPSS statistical software (V.21) using the chi-square test. Squamous cell carcinoma (39.7%) and basal cell carcinoma (26.8%) were the most common malignancies in the head and neck region. The mean age of the patients was 56.1±12.8 years and the relationship between age groups and head and neck cancers was not statistically significant (P=0.085). Male to female ratio was 0.9 to 1. The relationship between gender and types of head and neck cancers was not statistically significant.(P=0.114) In this study, prevalence of head and neck cancer in south east of Iran (Zahedan) was relatively high. However, comparison between findings of our study with other studies shows a relation consistency.

As the absorption of radiation in environment is increasing, the present study was performed to evaluate the knowledge and practices of Babol’s dentists about x-ray protection. This cross-sectional study was designed to assess the knowledge and practices of dentists. The questionnaires were distributed among 70 dentists in Babol city. Analysis of the collected data was done using the Pearson correlation coefficient in SPSS software version 19 (α=0.05). In this study, 70% and 30% of studied dentists had good and moderate knowledge, respectively. 96% of them were moderate in terms of practice and 70% of them had good awareness towards the use of a lead apron and thyroid collar but 78.6% and 75.7% of offices had no lead apron and thyroid collar. There was a significant relationship between experience and awareness (p=0.003). According to the results, their appropriate knowledge and practice were poor. Therefore, it is necessary to control the dental radiographic centers.

Ameloblastic fibroma is a relatively rare benign odontogenic tumor with two neoplastic components; both epithelial and ectomesenchymal. A 10-year-old girl was referred to a dentist for routine dental treatments for evaluation of the distance between mandibular right first permanent molar and mandibular right second deciduous molar and it was associated with an undesirable backward movement of erupted mandibular right first permanent molar and forward movement of mandibular right second deciduous molar. The lesion was enucleated and the material was sent for histopathologic examination. Microscopically, it was composed of neoplastic proliferation of odontogenic epithelium consisted of cords and islands in a cell-rich mesenchymal stroma, with histopathological diagnosis of ameloblastic fibroma. After 24 months of follow-up, no recurrence was observed and the mandibular right first molar was spontaneously aligned. Early diagnosis and proper management will prevent comprehensive orthodontic treatment.

Reports have shown that molars can be distalized successfully with virtually no orthodontic anchorage loss with an intraosseous anchorage, even with fully erupted second molars. The purpose of this study was evaluating the effects of mini-screws as skeletal anchorage for upper molar distalization. In this case series, three patients needing maxillary first molar distalization, were selected. mini-screw was inserted in the anterior part of the palate. The screws were anchored to the first premolars by transpalatal arch and immediately loaded (150-160 g) by 0.018-inch arch-wire and steel open-coil spring to distalize maxillary molars. The skeletal and dental changes were measured on cephalograms obtained before and after distalization. The amount of first molar distalization in the patients was 4 mm with 2°of tipping, 4 mm with 5°of tipping, and 3.5 mm with 2°of tipping respectively. Upper incisors and first premolars were stable during distalization.