نشریه مطالعات ادبیات تطبیقی
پیاپی 16 (زمستان 1389)

The present article is a comparative study of the novel One Hundred Years of Solitude by Gabriel García Márquez and Mourners of Bayal by Ghoalm Hussein. One Hundred Years of Solitudeis a novel which tells the multi-generational story of the Buendía family، whose patriarch، José Arcadio Buendía، founds the town of Macondo، the metaphoric Colombia. The non-linear story is narrated via different time frames، a technique derived from the Argentinianwriter Jorge Luis Borges. The works written with this technic are arrangements of realty and dreams in a way that it is not easy to separate them. Both of these works describe social، cultural and political problems according to the codes of magical realism.

The national mythology of any nation is the story of heavenly destiny of super humans and kings and heroes which are formed in the creative minds of peopleand have gradually provided the ground forepic basics of the culture and literature of those nations. Most of these mythological stories are archetypes which could be found in as repeated themes and characters in the mythology of other nations. The present article studies the similarities of Garshasp and Heraclesand their actions and characteristics such as fighting against devilish birds and immortality are studiedwhile the necessity of such comparisons between Iranian and Greek mythology is highlighted.

Referring to narrations and assertions has been the most influential faith after Quran in the history of Islam. Scholars and narrators have tried to maintain and reserve narrations and assertions. Arab and Persian poets have enjoyed using these narrations in their poetry to increase the eloquence of their works. This has resulted in mutual ties between poetry and Islamic learnings and enrichment of Persian language، literature and culture. Using narrations and assertions not only adds to the eloquence but it also increases the beauty of content and form. Many poets have used them in their works and among them Molawi is a prominent one.

In the past century of the contemporary world، some nations have had similar destinations and thus similar social issues. Advocating society has been a major trend in poetry and many contemporary Iranian and Iraqi poets have been under the impacts of social movements and thus have reflected these issues in their poetry. The present article studies and compares the social issues reflected in the works of two contemporary poets namely Parvin Etesamiand Ahmad Aafi Al-Najafi. Despite all the differences they have due to being of different genders، they have discussed themes like patriotism، liberalism، defending the poor andfighting oppression.

Legends and epic stories featuring father – son conflict are considered as historical concepts of old Aryan tribes reflecting the challenge between the myth and real. As a case in point، numerous similarities between “Rostam and Sohrab” epic and the German poem of Hildebrand have always attracted the attention of the Western and Eastern researchers for two centuries. The present article is a comparason between two epic masterpieces in delving further into rooting out archetypes، their stabilization among different cultures and the possibility of their correspondence.

Khwāja Shamsud-Dīn Muhammad Hāfez-e Shīrāzī، known by his pen name Hāfez was a Persian lyric poet. His collected works composed of series of Persian poetry (Divan) are to be found in the homes of most Persian speakers in Iran who learn his poems by heart and use them as proverbs and sayings to this day. His life and poems have been the subject of much analysis، commentary and interpretation، influencing post-Fourteenth Century Persian writing more than any other author. Themes of his ghazals are the beloved، faith، and exposing hypocrisy. Hāfezhas applied themes، thoughts and sayings of first class Arab poetsand the present article studies how Hāfez has been influenced by the poetry of Mutanabbi the famous Arab poet.

Khwāja Shamsud-Dīn Muhammad Hāfez-e Shīrāzī، known by his pen name Hāfez was a Persian lyric poet. His collected works composed of series of Persian poetry (Divan) are to be found in the homes of most Persian speakers in Iran who learn his poems by heart and use them as proverbs and sayings to this day. His life and poems have been the subject of much analysis، commentary and interpretation، influencing post-Fourteenth Century Persian writing more than any other author. Themes of his ghazals are the beloved، faith، and exposing hypocrisy. Hāfezhas applied themes، thoughts and sayings of first class Arab poetsand the present article studies how Hāfez has been influenced by the poetry of Mutanabbi the famous Arab poet.

The twentieth century has observed deep changes and revolutions in major artistic fields. New poetry is one of the great changes which brought into vision new horizons in this regard. The history of poetry proves that it has been permanently undergoing changes and innovation in poetry is not a new concept. The study of the evolution ofnew poetry in Persian and Arabic languages shoes that this evolution is very similar in these languages due to social and cultural similarities. The present article is an attempt to study and compare the history، evolution and pioneers of the new poetry in Arabic and Persian languages.