فصلنامه آمایش جغرافیایی فضا
پیاپی 1 (پاییز 1390)

Socio-Economic development in last decades as a dynamic process in the most of luxuriant north and south ecosystems beyond an enhancement in national revenue, created a situation that people tend to tourism as a media in order to fill their leisure time. In spite of being a major part of our country in desert belt, south Iranian coastal regions provide one of pivot of touring whereas Chah-Bahar port provides one of tourism capitals in Iran. Until time, there isn’t any studying in order to zoning of recreation area in the bay. In this study, effective parameters in tourism include, site selection process, by surviving previous literatures and expert opinions based on Delphi method were determined. Then, zoning of this region was implemented by using multicriteria evaluation and weighted linear combination. In this study, different parameters of soil, relative humidity, stability of geologic structure, distance of water sources, distance of roads, distance of the sea, ports, cities and villages, historical and cultural monuments, faults and the distance of special establishments were used as physical parameter, land use, vegetation, distance and boundary, as information layers in analyzing the map was used. These parameters should be standardized so that we used Boolean logic and fuzzy membership. In the next step the relative importance weights of parameter are estimated through using pair-wised comparison method in the frame of AHP. Finally the parameter is combined with Weighted Linear Combination method, and suitability index was determined. In this region 554 ha of this region (13 zones) were extracted for intensive recreation. This study indicates that sustainable recreation is not possible because of environment sensitiveness and constrains.

Drought is a repetitive phenomenon in different continents and its effects are not limited only to dry and semidry areas, but they could also be seen in areas with high rates of precipitation and in any season of year. One of the most important stages in monitoring the drought is to determine indices in order to analyze its intensity, continuity and frequency. The data related to the overall monthly precipitation collected from synoptic stations of the area during the statistical period of 1976-2005 which have been used for monitoring drought in Guilan and analyzing its characteristics. In the present study, continuity, intensity and frequency of drought have been extracted by using two indices, the standard distribution, and deciles and by the help of time series from standardized precipitation index. The results of this study indicated that the two analyzed methods give the same results and drought is not an infrequent phenomenon in the rainy part of northern Iran, but it is a repetitive and reversible phenomenon. The surveys indicated that in 1991 and 1995, an intense drought has happened in the province.

Neotectonic Geomorphology focused in the field of study in dynamic processes and in an effective and dynamic shaping earth and its prospects. Geomorphologic indicators appropriate tools to understand the functioning and dynamics of these processes which introduce degrees drawn. In this research the eight geomorphologic indicators namely Stream Length- Gradient Index: Mountain Front Sinuosity (Smf), Drainage Asymmetry Factor (AF), Ratio of Valley- Floor with to Valley Height (VF), Basin Shape Factor (Bs), Transverse Topographic Symmetric Factor (T), Hypsometric Integral (Hc), River Sinuosity (S) and Stream Length- Gradient Index (SL) has been applied for measuring the neotectonic activity of Paskhan catchment. The research method was involved with Remote Sensing techniques as well as field study for data collection and validation. The outcome of research was showed the most port of area as an active geotectonic. These findings indicate morphological making of the young feature in Basin, and thus providing a dynamic infrastructure and sustainable development which are the morphological features.

Mazandaran province is one of the important population absorbers of the country; for its varied ecosystem that is suitable for life and for its varied natural attractions and valuable environmental landscapes. In 1986, it had 33 urban points with a population equal to 893.293 people (39.2% of the province population). In 1996, the number of urban points of the province increased to 37 points which had settled in itself a population equal to 1.202.469 people (46.2% of the province population) upon urban increase, of 6.9%. In the census made in 2006, 51 cities equal to 5% out of 1020 urban points of the country belonged to Mazandaran province that, with a population of 1.568.949 people, consists of 3.2% of urban population of country and 54.2% of province population that for the first time in the development history of the province, the average urbanite population of the province exceeded rural population. This increase in urbanity and use of land without taking into consideration ecologic differences and environmental potentials will be followed by unpleasant consequences and destruction of environment and ultimately threatens natural resources and impedes the environment from sustainable development. This present research is done, in order to classify the urban development in Mazandaran province based on ecological potentials by using multi criteria decision making and with the use of geographic information system in Mazandaran province. The results showed that 23 percent of the province area (1187 ecological unit equal to 53257.908 ha) is located in suitable class, 47% of the province area (1275 ecological unit equal to 1125391.652 ha) is in mid. class and 47 percent of province area (2192 ecological unit equal to 720143.65 ha) is belonged to unsuitable class of urban development and utilization in Mazandaran province.

City as the loftiest symbol of human civilization has a fundamental role in a good life for all human being. But concentrating on the quantitative dimension of city growth has bipolarized the cities in many developing countries. So, a new concept as quality of life has been emerged to solve the problems of urban residents and the promotion of his quality of life. In fact, this paper aims to define the levels of quality of life in the different urban textures (old, new and rural) in Miyandoaab on the base of four indexes which are included social, economic, physical-environmental and subjective-mental. The methodology of the research is based on the descriptive and analytical methods. The data were collected by conducting a questionnaire and documentary proofs. Cochran technique was used to determine the number of samples. Also Entropy and SAW were applied to analysis and rank the neighborhoods of the city. The results revealed that the index of green space had scores of 0.4768, 0.3518, 0.3265 and 0.2912 in the old, new, and rural and city as whole respectively which showed considerable difference with other indexes and had higher importance. On the base of SAW results the neighborhoods of 21, 22 and 26 had the best condition among the all neighborhoods and the areas of 11, 24 and 2 indicated the lowest level.

Nowadays the urban tourism considers as one of the most important factors in the economic society and welfare of city and citizens. Therefore urban and tourism are responsible to develop it. The tourism is made on the basis of the tourism attractions. Today the cities are the most attractive tourism locations and Khorram Abad is one of the Iranian historical cities which have essential capacities to develop urban tourism. The survey methods in this investigation is descriptive and analytical and its type is applicable – theoretical and the method of data gathering is used as librarial and measurmental methods. The data type is quantities and analysis of data is used as the comprehensive methods with spess software. The object of this research is recognition of essential tourism capacity to offer development for urban tourism model for the city. The result of research indicated that the city has the essential capacity for changing tourism pole between urban infrastructure and services and tourism development exists as a meaningful relation in Khorram Abad.

One of the major natural hazards in the mountain ways are mass movements and land slips. This phenomenon disturbs the balance of hill slope when we construct the roads. In this study, with the goal, the potential of slip in new road Sanandaj - Marivan has been evaluated by using geographic information system. Litho logy, slope, slope direction, distance from the road, precipitation, distance from the fault, distance from drainage network are selected as the main parameters of the effective range and of variation of the dominant road. After preparing the required information, layers are used for the effective parameters, (and to cut each layer with landslides distribution layer) action scheme risk zone, mapping slip model using two week weight and analysis of hierarchical and GIS software with ILWIS. The results of the comparison model and the implementation of the slip road on the route also introduced hierarchical superiority analysis that the slip roads, the event have intensified. So the 67 percent of landsides in the 200-meter distance with road consistently have occurred. Among the common factors affecting in slip road and distance from the path of resistance and the rock have occurred the most effect way around the landslides. On the first variable, the map of area compared from classified models mentioned, implementation of unstable path way and many of them trench along the road shows as well. Results also refer to the same parameters which has been able to slip possible in order to secure road to estimate.