فصلنامه آمایش جغرافیایی فضا
پیاپی 7 (بهار 1392)

In order to reach the aim of tourism development، improvement of the quality level of services is a key element to enhance tourism in rural areas. Qualitative level of tourism services determines tourist attraction rate. In this paper، we evaluate quality level of tourism services and their effects on tourist attraction in eight villages located in Shiraz-Yasooj axis. This study is based on exploratory – descriptive، and methods of data collection are through questionnaires and population of the study is 338. Statistical methods and SPSS software were applied to determine the effect of tourism service quality on tourist attraction. Based on the results obtained from t-test in this study، service quality level in studied areas was higher than expected value. Spearman correlation test showed that there is a correlation between service quality and tourist attraction with a coefficient of 0. 747 in significance level of 33%. The results of stepwise regression indicated that criteria including guest-host interaction، food and water quality، natural features and transportation quality possess the highest impact on tourist attraction، having determination coefficient of 0. 889، 0. 480، 0. 310 and 0. 181 respectively.

Feeling safe is a self relaxation and peace with regarding to its different aspects can create huge connections and social wealth that is a factor for stability, peace and enjoyment of urban public spaces. But today, it seems public spaces of cities such as parks which are the most important elements of these spaces, due to some social, economical and cultural factors; a lot of problems have been created and has been created effective in the growth of social problems. In relation to this issue, the present study, with a documentary field study analyses the subject of safety in city parks in four areas of Qom city (Research area), and its results by the use of questionnaire and application of the SPSS software and different tests such as Kruskal-Wallis H، Chi- square and Spearman coefficient correlation show that totally the average of safety in all parks in Qom is 3. 26 out of 5. Since this number is over 3, it can be said that the degree of safety in city parks is average or above. In this relation, the degree of region one safety is 3. 79, region two is 2. 59, region three is 2. 81 and region four is 3. 83. the result that can be obtained is that based on the total studies based on the factors such as social, economical, cultural, ethnic and …. done in different regions, the degree of feeling safe in public spaces of cities (parks) in the second region of Qom has the lowest level of feeling safe in urban public places and the fourth region has the highest growth.

Nowadays, global warming and its impact on various fields such as agriculture, economics, energy, and politics are interested to researchers. Therefore, it is interesting to investigate the effect of global warming on agriculture and safeness of food for the residents. Soy bean is one of those products which seem to be important and strategic for various areas, especially Gorgan. In this study data were obtained on a daily, monthly and annual basis considering minimum and maximum degrees for long-term observation since 1961 to 1990 from the Meteorological Department. For this study, to evaluate various effects of climate change over two periods of 2034-2049 and 2065-2079 on the scale of degree-day, the model HasCM3 was used. But the outputs of this model were evaluated by using Lard-WG on daily station scale. Moreover, to investigate the role of scenarios, scenarios of A1, A1B and B2 were used. As for the heat output for various scenarios, the most pessimistic result which is equivalent to the maximum degree is the A2 scenario with the temperature increase of 0.64 ° C for the period 2035-2049 and 0.60 ° C for the period 2065 to 2079. However, on the basis of the degree increase, the trend of degree-day for most scenarios and simulated years increased, although the values for the late summer and early autumn ​​coincided with the summer planting showed a decrease in degree-day trend. But based on long term statistics from 2011 to 2100, the trend of degree-day showed an increase for spring planting and a decrease for summer crop. So it is recommended that in the coming decades due to climate change, early planting of this crop in the summer should be implemented. This is because of the fact soybean can provide its appropriate degree-day value in a brief period.[1].

The ever increasing population, increase of demand, limited source of water and land, etc., has made determining a suitable planting method in different area with regard to climate, edifice, soil, and water limitations which are the main concerns of Agriculture managers. Choosing a suitable species with regard to dominant condition, and the potentiality of the area can increase both production efficiency and taking the burden of extra, unnecessary expenses, such as expenses for environmental stresses, pests, and diseases, from the shoulders of the farmers and garden owners. This research was done for the purpose of locating and potentiality detection of fertile lands for planting jujube in South Khorasan Province by using GIS and Remote Sensing as well as statistical and analytical techniques. Since elevation is a fixed physical parameter in the passage of time and also effective in climate parameter and conditions, soil formation, etc., in this research topographic maps (scale 1:25000) and ASTER Satellite Sensor Images were used to prepare Digital Elevation Model for the whole province with the elevation accuracy of 15 meter as the base of the research. Using climate analyses and the relationship between various climate parameters and DEM were determined; and using analytical function available in the applied software ARCGIS relevant maps were produced; water sources maps, soil type and land use were digitized. Using AHP the relative importance of effective parameters on the growth and production of Jujube species were determined and finally relative importance maps for Jujube planting in South Khorasan Province was gained. Accuracy output of the models was evaluated by using field of visitation available applied maps and calculating Kappa so efficiency. Results showed that the produced map has enough accuracy and that from the whole area of South Khorasan Province (94112 km2) about 20 percent of it (18850 km2) has suitable potentiality and high potentiality for planting Jujube.

The urban population of the world is increasing and this increase in population has caused challenges Such as poverty, climate change, traffic and shortage of housing for the poor in sustainable development. In 2008, more than half of the world's population lived in urban areas. The number of world urban people predicted will be more than 5 billion by 2030year.Predicted that between 2000 and 2030 the urban population will double in Asia and Africa. Estimated in Asia until 2020, more than 2/2 billion people will live in urban areas. Metropolises of the world will be to more than 500 with half in Asia. Selection location and develop urban areas for citizen welfare is essential government action to people residing.Growth urbanization in our country were high in recent decades and between 1335 to 1385 the share of urban population has increased from 31.5 percent to 68.5 percent. Now in Iran from population of 75 million people 71.5 percent population living in urban areas and urban housing has been to one of main issues in the community. The purpose of this research is to identify the development Bojnourd model. Subject of this study is selected in the location of Mehr housing of policies ninth and tenth government and their impact on the urban development models.the main questions in this study is, the main indicators considered for locating Mehr Bojnoord housing units what? And that Location of Mehr housing in Bojnoord city what impact on the urban development models? This research is descriptive-analytical Methods. Information Complete through library studies and field observations and then reviewed and analyzed. Then based on the research findings, were provided suggestions for this case study. Location, select a location is for a phenomenon or an activity on the Earth's surfaceand that is very important to the city and urban planning. Case Study in this research is Bojnourd city. Bojnourd with a population of 200 thousand inhabitants is located in Iran northeastern and North Khorasan province. According Bojnourd comprehensive plan, city area is 2854.5 hectares. Residential area is ​​785.6 hectares and 23.4 percent of the city area is barren. About 725 hectares of land in the city has been left vacant. About 380 hectares of city land is non-urban area and recyclable. Studies show that the barren land distributed in city old, middle and outer Textures. Bojnourd barren hand use have been abandoned 7.9% of the land old texture, 6.8 percent of the area median Texture and 33.4 percent of outer Texture from 725 hectare of barren land in the city located 620 hectare in the outer tissues. So nearly double the residential land use in the outer tissue is barren lands in this the tissue. Golestan town is located at a distance of 4 kmnorthto the city of Bojnourd and area that is 272 hectares. The main criteria for the location of this town is the proper slope, lack of topographic effects, intuitive landscape towards the city and low the groundwater level.So it seems the location criteria Mehr housing is not economically–socially. Bojnourd Mehr housing has increased about 10 percent city area. Mehr housing decreases density of population in city with 1.3 people of so development model has been Sprawl expanding. According to scientific studies, urban dispersed growth caused problems for the city and citizens and for solve the problems of infill development is defined as development that is Closer to a city sustainable. Our Studiesshow that the Bojnourd city model in the past decades Sprawl expanding model. Building Mehr housing in recent years at Bojnourd city continued this process. Most of the residential units have been built in Golestan Town and only a small number from this housing units built in Within the City. Studies show that 93 percent of 6205 Bojnourd Mehr housing unit Built in Golestan town to form the discontinuous texture. The main criteria selection for site is land property and natural indicators regardless of socio-economic dictators. The model sprawl city that is formed not disproportionate with sustainable city. Finally Bojnoord infill development is essential for the future development and urban managers have to put that on the agenda from today.

Present research has been done with the aim of discovery of effective capabilities of informative and communicative technology (ICT) in the improvement of life quality in the country societies by comparative study in one village enjoying with information technology and the other one without having this technology. The necessity of the research was, obviously, come out in this study by attention to outstanding improvements of the villagers along with capabilities of ICT, and also the problems faced by the villagers. Research methodology is analytical- descriptive and it is a kind of causal and comparative studies and it has been done by scaling. This study was done by some parameters and non-parameters through statistical tests and done by diagram analysis with the purpose of presenting structured analysisenjoying SPSS software. Population statistics is the residences of Gharnabad and Esfahankalate villages by Kokran method with114 samples for Gharnabad Village and 108 samples for Esfahankalate village and they were randomly selected. Three groups - skeletal, social and economic indicators-were used with the purpose of comparison with life quality levels in these two villages. Independent t-test was used for comparing the economic situation of these villagers. The results were shown that there is meaningful difference till 90 % level between income situations of the villages with their expenditures where the villages have ICT center and the villages do not have the center. Umanvitni test was used with the purpose of comparison with life quality level in skeletal, cultural and social dimensions. The result shows that there are a lot of differences in the mentioned dimensions in these two villages so that these differences are meaningful reached to the level of 99%. With regard to analysis way of the diagram, the most important effective variable in life quality of these villages is the existence of Information technology center in Gharnabad village where has Beta coefficient of 0.923 which shows the fact.

Morphotectonic analysis by using the geomorphometry indicators was performed as a tool for identifying areas of tectonic deformation in the Lali– Gotvand area. The methods used in this study were mainly based on the remote sensing method and data processing was done in GIS software and its analysis functions. Calculation of VF Index showed values 0.33 for the V-shaped valleys and values higher than 6.5 for the U-shape’s, The Hi index showed greater values than 0.5 for active regions and Af index represented values 15<│Af-50│etc.), for Category 1.drawnup topographic profiles showed uplift and rough Topography increase from the South West to the North East, which was more in the AA profile, that these Topography changes were consistent with tectonic zoning map made using the VF index, of studied area. The results of the geomorphometry indices indicated that the Lali - Gotvand area is located in active tectonic regions.