فصلنامه پژوهش های فیزیولوژی و مدیریت در ورزش
سال دوم شماره 4 (زمستان 1389)

The study aimed at amparing the social maturation of athlete students and that of non- sport students at Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan. To this end, using sampling, 70 sport students attending sports Olympiad participated in the study. Raow social maturation scale was used for data collection purposes. The reliability coefficient of the uestionnire was calculated to be 0.079. In addition to descriptive statistics techniques, inferential statistics tests like t-test for Independent Groups, One-Way Between Group ANOVA, One- Factor Within Subject ANOVA and Mauchly’s test of Sphericity were used for describing the data. Data analysis was conducted through SPSS. The results of the study indicated that although social maturation dimensions depended in order of importance on social competence, interpersonal competence and personal competence, the degree of social maturation and its three-fold competences were significantly higher in athlete students than non- athlete students. The comparison of male and female athlete students indicated that the amount of interpersonal competence and the whole social maturation of female students were significantly higher. Also, the comparison of individual athlete students and group athlete students revealed that although there was a significant difference between their social maturation, personal competence of individual sport students was significantly higher than that of group athlete students, but the amount of social competence of group athlete students was significantly higher than that of individual athlete students. It can thus be concluded, based on the findings of the study that, attending regular sport activities leads to the growth and improvement of social maturation of athlete students.

One of the main objectives of physical activity is to improve physical fitness. The characteristics of physical fitness are strength, Endurance, Speed, Flexibility, Balance, Power, Agility and Cardio respiratory fitness. Different people and organizations prepare tests of physical fitness. AAHPERD Association introduced six tests to measure physical fitness, as follows: Flexed Leg Handy test to measure muscle endurance, Pull-ups test to measure the endurance of shoulder muscles, Standing Long Jump test to measure leg muscle power, Fifty-yard Dash test to measure speed, Shuttle Run test (4×9 meter) to measure agility, 600 yard Run to measure cardio respiratory fitness. Designers of these tests claim that there is no correlation among the different materials of these test. The claim above indicates that if there is a correlation between each pair, it will not be necessary to use both tests. Since there has been no report examination for such a claim, the researcher in this study is trying to make an overall examination of cofficient or non-coefficient tests one.

The purpose of this investigation is to consider and describ the condition of championship sports in Azarbayjan Sharghi and to provide recommendation for development. The statistical population and sample is the managers of sports committees in Azarbayjan Sharghi. The measurement tool is an investigator made questionnaire regulated in two parts to evaluate the professional information of managers and athletes of sports committees and their equipment, facilities and performance. The validity of questionnaire is estimated about 87.9% by α Kronbakh coefficient. Data analysis by Excel statistical program, descriptive and inferential statistics, spearman correlation indicates that. There is not any meaningful relationship between professional information of athletes and their received medals (P<0.05). There is a meaningful relationship between economic sitaus of athletes and their received medals (P<0.05). There is a meaningful relationship between athletic satisfaction from equipment, facilities and performance of sport committees and their received medals (P<0.05).

College education may be the last opportunity to educate a large segment of young adults to be physical active and develop a healthy lifestyle. This study examined Zanjan University student's risks for cardiovascular disease, physical activity (PA) patterns, and effects of physical education and extracurricular programs on promoting PA. Male and female (N=342) students participated in the project. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and blood pressure were used to estimate risks for potential heart problems while PA patterns were assessed using a prevalidated questionnaire. In term of waist circumference, over weight and obesity, and hypertension, the data from the study suggested that about 2, 18, and 23 percent of the participants were at a high risk level for heart problems, respectively. None of participants (0%) performed adequate amounts of PA (70 MET per week). Those who were taking part physical education extracurricular reported significantly greater amounts of PA (MET) than those who were not. Eventually, students need interventions in University physical education programs to improve their health and PA amount.

The aim of present study is to investigate the effects of regular and organized exercise on mental health of male students of math and experimental science. The research method is semi-experimental and as field. For this reason, 80 boys who lived in the dormitory were selected randomly, and divided into control and experimental groups. First, all subjects answered mental health questionnaire (SCL90) and then the experimental group performs an organized and regular physical activity program: a 45-min session for 3 months. Results show that there was a significant difference between control and exeprimental group in mental health: students of experimental group had better mental health (P<0.05). The research results indicated that the students of experimental science were better than the math students in mental health due to the morning exercise. Finally the interaction effect of pre test-post test, control and experimental groups and the field of study was not significant (P>0.05). This study suggested a regular and organized physical activity for students especially math students.

This research studies the effective factors on the satisfaction of women in privatebody building clubs in Tehran. A questionnaire in three parts was designed and after reliability and validity confirmation, 317 were distributed among the clubs. Spearman correlation test was applied to analyze the data. The hypotheses include to study the relationbetween social – economic status, to pay attention to customer needs and to use modern sports equipment and customer satisfaction. Results show, there is not any significant relation between social- economic status and customer satisfaction (P=10.192). But there is a significant relation between paying attention, (P=0.004) using modern sports equipment (P=0.009) and customer satisfaction. Other result show trainers should pay more attention to customer characteristics. Besid of, customers satisfaction club salary causes more attraction of them, and customers tend to register again at that club. According to the results, paying attention to customer needs and using sports equipment are more important than social-economic status of custormer. These results can be considered to plan private sports sector.

One of the methods to recognize the national sports background and roots and also to maintain historical and cultural nature of sports is to study different dimensions of military – athletic activities in ancient Iran. Therefore, the purpose of the present study is to distinguish a variety of sports equipment and fields in ancient Iran. We used the verses of ferdosi’s “Shahnameh” as sample. The results of this study indicated that, among 13 military – athletic pieces of equipment repeated 3571 times in “Shahnameh”, sword and bow and arrow with respectively 26% and 20% repetitions formed the most important martial – athletic Iranian pieces of equipment. Among 7 sports repeated 374 times in “Shahnameh” hunting, walking, and polo respectively with 30%, 25% and 11% repetitions were the most important physical activities.Among 6 drills in sports, the most important was wrestling, which skill of chest to chest with 80% of repetiotions was in the first rank. Inaddition, after studying the military-athletic characteristics in “Shahnameh”, it was indicated that among 4755 repetitions of these characteristics, horse riding with 23% repetitions gained the first rank. The results of this study indicate that Iranians use a variety of skills, and apply different eqipments and drills in military-athletic activities.

To assess the association between regular physical activity in adolescence and leisure-time physical activity in adulthood, with emphasis on gender differences among the urban population of Tehran, Iran. A population- based cross-sectional study was carried out on an urban population of 200 persons under the age of 20 years and above 55 years via cluster sampling in local zone of Tehran(3area), in 2008.We interviewed them by IPAQ (International Physical Activity Questionnaire) for evaluated leisure-time physical activity levels. Data on adolescent physical activity were based on subjects’ recall. Of 200 subjects interviewed, 67% were classified as adequately active, and 23.5% reported regular physical activity in adolescence. Subjects who engaged in regular physical activity during adolescence were more likely to be adequately active in adulthood (adjust prevalence ratio: 0.225,95%,667.1). this effect was stronger in women(adjust prevalence ratio: 0.225,95%,1.321) than men(adjust prevalence ratio: 0.225,95%,1.3333). Furthermore, physical inactivity was more prevalent in the higher socioeconomic group. Promoting physical activity in school age may be a successful intervention against the epidemic of adult inactivity. Although women were less likely to report regular physical activity in adolescence, the effect of this experience on adult behavior was stronger than men specially in employment.(64.4% in men and 57.8% in women). Also, The level of physical activity in urban population of 3rd area of Tehran was low. High risk is associated with employment, retirement, high socioeconomic class and higher levels of education.