مجله مطالعات مدیریت ورزشی
پیاپی 15 (مهر و آبان 1391)

The present study was conducted with propose of Iranian Taekwondo SWOT Analysis. For this purpose, the research method was developmental and applied. By going to confirming the buoys of SWOT questionnaire, which consists of 5 general components, we used Discriminate Power and Binominal Test (P< 0/05).Then obtained 0.71 for reliability by Chronbakh (P< 0/01). The statistical society contained 100 people were expert at taekwondo sport field and sixty people were sampled of them, asked to complete the questionnaire. After collecting data by doing some statistical analysis, the SWOT of taekwondo has been made. Results showed that important of Strengths, Opportunities, Treats, and weaknesses were significant. Increasing number of participation in international competitions, National champions as potential people for enterprising management and coaching cathedras of Iran’s Taekwondo as the most important opportunity, Lack of proper utilization from sponsors as income resource as the most important major of weakness and Inadequate public awareness about taekwondo as the most important threats were some of these research results. Attention to Inefficiency of national system coach education and sponsorship programs and also Reinforcement legal champions and international cathedras and then develop the relations between medias were the most important offers to heads of that field. Current programs of Iran’s taekwondo federation have some strength that helps them to do their best. Opportunities such as medals capacities in Olympic and Asian games, participate national federation’s President, as ITF executive committee and governmental supports that following taekwondo, are instrument to remove weaknesses and reduce treats.

The purpose of this study was a survey on decision-making ability of physical education students in ethical dilemmas. For this purpose، dilemmas in athletic training questionnaire (DAT-Q) developed by Caswell (2003) was employed and randomly administered to 158 physical education students (100 male and 58 female) who at least had one of sport fields coaching license. The content validity of instrument was confirmed by experts and the internal consistency of the DAT-Q proved to be 0. 84 in a pilot study. The data were analyzed by employing Kolmogorov-Smirnov، Mann-Whitney U and independent t tests. Results showed that there was a significant difference between ethical decision-making (t=0. 471، P=0. 008) and ethical intention (t=0. 392، P=0. 001) of male and female students. Also، there was no significant difference between students’ ethical decision-making and its subscales with separate of championship background (P>0. 05). Generally، the current research emphasis to add sport morality course in physical education students’ syllabus to enhance their level of ethical decision-making ability.

The goal of this research has been find management and executive affecting privatization in sport clubs and prioritization with AHP method. The research method is descriptive analyze. For data accumulation the library and field methods were utilized. After identified efficient management and executive factors, Decisional Hierarchy Tree was drawn and with that a questionnaire was designed. Since the inconsistency rate calculated in this study is less than 0.1, thus we say that the questioner is valid. The population of the present study includes university faculty members in Sports Management and Economics, Head or deputy Football Association, President of federations or their Vic-presidents (Football, Volleyball, Basketball, Wrestling, Taekwondo), directors League in mentioned fields and finally the, managing director, assistant or the Iranian sport clubs marketing official that Among them 45 were identified as experts and a questionnaire was given to them. Once the data resulted from people views was entered into Expert Choice, the relative and final weights of criterion and sub criterion and its priorities in every level of the hierarchical decision tree was estimated. In the total model 13 sub-criteria were prioritized. The results indicate that on the total model first and third priorities were “undesirable management”, “lack of the Use of force expert”, and “lack of sufficient motivation for the private sector”. Consequently, the officials can apply prioritization for taking essential steps in the issue of privatization.

Our aim in doing this survey has been to study the relationship between the five components of emotional intelligence and conflict management strategies taken by all line and staff managers of Western Azarbaijan Province Bureau of Physical Education and Bureaus of other cities under its supervision, as well as heads of sport committees all over the province that amounts to 85 people. It, the sample volumes is considered to be equal with the sampling population. This is correlation study which has been done in a survival method. In order to get required information, in addition to personal information questionnaire, two valid and reliable questionnaires (Shering's emotional intelligence and Robin's conflict management strategies) have been used. Based on findings of this survey there is a positive and meaningful relation between emotional intelligence and conflict management strategies and a negative and meaningful relation between emotional intelligence and avoidance strategies and control strategies as well. Findings also show a positive and meaningful relation between collaboration strategy and the five components of emotional intelligence. They also show a negative and meaningful relation between avoidance strategy, social awareness and social skills components. No meaningful relation was observed between conflict management strategies and self-awareness, self-management and self-motivation components of emotional intelligence. A negative and meaningful relation was observed between control strategy and self-awareness, self-management and self-motivation components but no meaningful relation was observed between control strategy and social awareness and self-management components. Results such: Director that has high of capabilities emotional intelligence, solutions strategy is that the most effective strategy, the tendency for conflict resolution to the conflict applies. The managers are high of social awareness and social skills, are not indifferent to the conflict and try to lower use of avoidance strategy. Also, above knowledge, social skills and self-thought is prevents that the manager to use the ListenRead phonetically Control strategy to resolve conflicts created by the Organization.

For selection of appropriate promotion mix (APM) of production sector of the sport industry, 30 marketing managers of sport companies responded to questionnaire of promotion mix & AIDA model. Validity proved by experts and reliability due to inconsistency ratio of questionnaires is less than 0.1 can be proved. For data analysis AHP method were used. The results showed in forth level among 17 (APM) tool, TV the weight of 0/522 had the most priority. In third level among (PM), advertising0/396 and second level among AIDA tools attention 0/437 had the most priority. Results AIDA model showed in the forth level, for attention and interest-desire and action, TV adv respectively 0/510, 0/469& 0/499 had the most importance. Results based on AIDA model showed in the third level for attention, advertising 0/391 for interest-desire, sale promotion 0/359 and for action, salesman had the most priority.

The purpose of this study was comparing the current status of Human Resources in Iranian universities intramural with ten years ago. In this study, the status of Human Resources of Iranian Universities Intramural in the number of human resources and percapita of Professional human resources will be compared. For investigation of Status of human resources in Iranian Universities Intramural was constructed through researcher-made questionnaire (face, acceptable validity and reliability with 0.81 Cronbach alpha coefficients) is used. The statistical Population included all Iranian universities and the statistical simple included 49 of total 60 University covered by Ministry of Science, Research and Technology which was randomly selected. The research design was comparative motheds. Comparaing the present study rusulets with those studies done in ten years ago from thesis Ph.D dissertation (Tondnevis, 1998) has been performd through inference statistical methods (Wilcoxon test for variable middle comparison) in level of (p≤ 0.05). The Findings indicated that from 847 totals people of human resources in Universities Intramural 39.8 percent are female and 60.2 percent are male. From 223 totals people of Professional human resources 39.9 percent are female and 60.1 percent are male. Than the percapita of Professional human resources for each thousand girl’s student are 0.39 people and in boy’s student are 0.69 people and 0.53 people of Professional human resources for every thousand students (Girls and Boys) in University are employed. The Findings indicated that between Current Status of numbers of human resources and also percapita of Professional human resources there was not significant difference (p≤0.05) with ten years ago.

Today tourism industrial is one of the industrial biggest in the world and Tourism Information System is one of the instruments of tourism development. This research is analysis-descriptive. The population and samples (86) includes experts, managers of physical education office and Cultural Heritage and Tourism office in Este Azerbaijan. For data collection used from interviews have been supplemented by documents and reports released by the ICTO, literature review and physical education office and questioner with 31 item and three important principles: Speed, accuracy and cost as a strategy in order to acquire competitive advantages. Data in stage three earned. The design is compared with the current situation based on the criteria of speed, accuracy and cost. For data analysis used paired T test. The findings show that significant difference between design ideal situations with the current situation based on the criteria of speed, accuracy and cost. Also was significant difference between accuracy information in physical education office and Cultural Heritage and Tourism office. Findings show that expert in tourism and physical education offices are eager to information development, increase information speed, related and deleted of false information. This idea can be help organization managers to development system information and earns customers satisfaction that likes poor medi and esfahani findings. Then suggest supply Conceptual Design of Tourism Information System in organization tourism and sport tourism is essential.

Nowadays the subject of competitive balance in sport events is getting huge attention in economic science world. CB in sport means what team will win in a competition. In this research the process of CB in Iran’s football pro league and 5 flights European pro league (England, France, Spain, Italy & Germany) is studied in the period 2000-2009. It’s obvious that if sport leagues want to be dynamic and alive in economic area they should have got a suitable level of CB. So with data gathered from Iran’s football league organization and European football league websites by using economic indices, CB processes was estimated. Results showed that CB has been passing through an improvement road in all studied leagues and Iran had the best process of CB among others. England primer league had worst CB process and France lachampione was the second good one. In Iran, because it’s popular teams (Esteghlal & Piruzy did not get good results so other teams had the chance to grow. According to results it’s recommended that there should be suitable alternatives for retaining CB status in football league so football industry could take advantage from revenue making and attracting sponsors.

The aim of the study was to investigate the fourfold role of the informing, educating, social participation and culture-making of media in the Development of athletic sports culture. The research method was descriptive-correlation, the type of research was applied research, the performance method was survey, and data collection was through field study. Research population consists of media and sport experts. Research sample includes 120 people. The sampling was performed non-randomly. A researcher-made questionnaire used to collect the data. Its validity proved by 12 professors and experts, and its reliability determined by Cronbach's Alpha (α =0.89). Descriptive statistics were used to describe the status of examinees, and kolmogrov-smirnov test was used to see if the distribution of data was normal. Chi-square test (2 χ) was applied to investigate the significance of hypotheses and Cramer test (c) to investigate the intensity of relationship (correlation) between fourfold roles of media and developing the culture of athletic sports. Results of the research revealed that there is significant difference between fourfold roles of media and development of athletic sport culture, in the level of P=0.05.Considering the current conditions, sport media should have a new look to the subject of athletic sorts so that they can do their duty that is to promote the athletic sports. Expansion the culture of athletic sports is done through comprehensive cooperation of media, sport and academic communities.

The purpose of this research was study of relationship between organizational structure and corporate entrepreneurship in physical education office of Sistan and Baluchestan Province in 1389. M ethodology of this research was correlative descriptive, which was done by field study. Statistical society were all staff and heads sport associations in P E office (N =116). Sampling was census and whole community was selected as research sample. Instrument for gathering data was individual characteristic questionnaire and a modified questionnaire for organizational structure and corporate entrepreneurship, based on standard Rahimi Phil Abadi’s questionnaire included 28 questions. Validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by 12 experts in Ahvaz and Zahedan, and reliability was calculated with Cronbach Alpha (r=0.86). For assuring of normal distribution data, Kolmogorov Smirnov test was used. Descriptive and inference statistics (Pearson correlation and multiple regressions) was used for data Analysis. The significance level was (p ≥ 0.05). Finding of simple correlation indicated there was significant negative relationship between formalization (r= -0.441, p= 0.001); complexity (r= -0.263, p= 0.006) and centralization (r= -0.275, p= 0.004) with corporate entrepreneurship. Results of multiple regressions with entrance method showed positive significant relationship between organizational structure dimensions and corporate entrepreneurship, and step by step method showed formalization was most importance factor for prediction of corporate entrepreneurship. Regarding to the result of this study it is suggested for increase corporate entrepreneurship in organization must decrease formalizing, high rules and increase decentralization organization and employees have more freedom in the organization.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between personality traits and organizational commitment with organizational health in staffs of physical education offices of Khuzestan province. The samples consisted of 200 persons of physical education staffs selected by a simple random sampling method from the all offices of Khuzestan province. To data collection we used Personality Traits Questionnaire (NEO-PI-R), Allen and Meyer's Organizational Commitment Questionnaire (OCQ) and Organizational Health Questionnaire (OHQ). The analysis of data which was contented with Pierson correlation and multiple regressions revealed that there is a significant relationship between some of personality traits such as Extroversion, Agreeableness and Consciousness and also organizational commitment with organizational health. Results also showed that there was a multiple relationship between Extroversion, Agreeableness and Consciousness and organizational commitment with organizational health. On the other word Extroversion, Agreeableness and Consciousness and organizational commitment can predict organizational health and else component cant do it.

The goal of this research is the comparison the physical education students’ self – concept in state and non-state universities in Tehran. The present research method is analytic-descriptive. Population was the whole of under graduating physical education students who have been studying in state and non–state universities, in academic year 85-86 (2006 – 2007) in Tehran. To find the mean, and variance, we used descriptive statistics indexes. And to compare the self – concept scores of state university students with non – state university students and also to compare the self – concept scores of male and female, employed and unemployed, married and single students, at – student parametric test has been used. Pierson correlation coefficient is used to distinguish the relation ship between the number of years spent in university by the student and the level of his / her self – concept. Data analysis has been done by SPSS software. Ultimately, this research showed no meaningful difference between self – concept scores of state and non – state university physical education students. There’s no relationship between years spent in university and the rate of self – concept scores of the students. In this research were compared the rate self – concept scores of male and female, employed and unemployed, married and single students, But no meaningful difference was observed among self – concept scores. This research showed a 0/02 correlation coefficient between two factors of years spent in university and the rate of self – concept scores which indicates to be no meaningful correlation between these two variables. Accordingly, it cannot play a meaningful role in enhancing the students self – concept, and so they are independent from each other.