مجله مطالعات مدیریت ورزشی
پیاپی 25 (مهر و آبان 1393)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the gap between expected quality and perceived quality of delivered services by customers of I. R. Iran football premier league based on SERVQUAL model، The method of research was descriptive and mixed method (Qualitative and quantitative)، the statistical population was the spectators technical staff، players and managers of active football clubs in premier league of Iran through 90-91 half-season، the sample for interview selected by purposeful sampling (36 persons) and for survey the sample was selected by classified sampling (470 persons)، which 442 questionnaire returned truly. After conducting deep non- structured and focus group interviews and also review of related documents and publications، 85 items were found as the basic needs of customers. Then these needs were summarized to 42 items and classified in 5 dimensions as: Human resources، Stadiums، Informatics، Planning and Management and Extra services and as one questionnaire based on perceived and expected quality forwarded between samples. The result of presumption statistics (K-S، Sign Test and Freedman test) showed the significant and negative gap in all items and dimensions of customer needs، furthermore the ranking of expectations and perceptions of costumers have been determined. The result of this study was in line by other studies that have been conducted in football field

The purpose of the present study was studying of preferences Coaching Behaviors Iranian Volleyball Players. Research method was descriptive-Correlation method. According to Iranian federation volleyball، statistical population was 1200 peoples of volleyball players of serious grads teams. 320 athletes (160 men and 160 women) from 26 team participated as statistical sample in this study according to Cerjesy and Morgan''s table. Data collecting instrument was Coaching Behavior questionnaire built by Martin، S. B.، & Barnes، K. (1999) and researcher-built demographic questionnaire. The results indicated that players preferred to observed higher frequency of Reinforcement، Mistake–Contingent technical instruction، General technical instruction، keeping control، behaviors styles. On the other hand، they don’t like Punishment and Punitive technical instruction، ignoring mistakes، Non – Reinforcement behaviors style. The results show، also، Women players was deferent with men players in some of subscales coaching behaviors. Women players preferred to observed higher frequency of Reinforcement، Mistake–Contingent technical instruction، keeping control، behaviors styles more than men players. On the other hand، the men players preferred to observed higher frequency of Non – Reinforcement behaviors and punitive technical instruction style. It seems that successful in professional sports levels will happen with adapting coach behaviors patterns with athlete''s expectations and focus on Reinforcement and instruction approach.

Aim of this study was Investigation of sport marketing capacity its in order to development sports fields in Iran with emphasis on material arts. The statistical study were sports managers association of Karate، Teakwondo and Wusho، Cultural heritage and tourism managers and mass media related with sport that were about 77 people. Research sample included 40 that were selected sampling choice. Research methods for collecting the data that made the questionnaire، the validity and reliability of the polls was used (α═0/79). For analysis of research data was used of peyrson correlation test and multiple regression analysis. There is a positive and meaningful relation between sports fields’ development and push factors، pull factors، sponsor، group media، and also negative and meaningful relation between sports fields’ development and constraints. The results also identify potential martial arts in sports marketing، sports marketing share for each of the factors in the development and promotion of sports fields in the country to define.

This paper presents Identification and prioritization criteria for performance evaluation of physical education teachers، because they play a vital role in the training and education. Study is Descriptive-analytic. Research society of professionals involved in school sport and the based on Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)، were analyzed Expert opinions of experts. In the study، In order to implement the method of evaluation principles and methods of prioritization criteria specified final decision making and after drawing the hierarchy tree، the priority criteria are identified. The required data to help paired comparisons questionnaire and using the Expert Choice software، computational procedures have been performed. The results of the consensus of the experts identified nine criteria، with 40 options، a sixth option due to the low removal rate and the number eight position criteria and rates، academic performance - research، organizational performance، performance training - sports، sports history، scientific background - education، resources available، how to raise funds through sponsorship (organizations outside the school and PTA) were the surveys with 34 options to re-prioritize the experts. After analyzing the information criteria educational performance - sporting the most important criteria the rate of funding through sponsorship (organizations outside the school and PTA) was the last priority. One of the basic needs is to develop criteria evaluation. Thus we suggest that review in the teachers’ evaluation system and develop new criteria appropriate to the situation and giving value to the importance of the evaluation criteria can show our system weaknesses and strengthens and we evaluate teacher''s performance efficiently.

The aim of this study was to identify and compare the strategic planning dimensions of women championships in selected countries and to provide suggested strategies. The study was qualitative and the content analysis technique was used to analyze the data. As the review of literature was used to collect data، the related documents and sources of championship strategic plans of some selected organization of countries were studied and their planning was qualitatively compared (N=7). The statistical population consisted of all countries with championship strategic plans and the statistical sample was purposefully selected as Australia، Australian Women Sport and Recreation Association، International Board of Women and Sport Finland، South Africa، Britain، Canada and Iran (the countries with specific plans for women championships). The statistical tool used was searching the websites، scientific articles، national and international researches، related books، documents and evidences. The results showed that Iran provided plans for championships generally and for women championships specifically while the countries under study did not have such plans. It can be concluded that with the necessary measures، the results of this study can play an important role in developing championships generally and women championships specifically.

The social and economic conditions of organization concentrate the flexibility of organizational structure. Furthermore، the development of organization requires organizational health. The purpose of present study was to examine the role of cybernetic management in organizational health in sport organizations. It was applied-correlative study. Population composed of experts employed in fifteen federations and national Olympic committee. The method of sampling was stratified random sampling. There were 89 questionnaires returned and usable. Cybernetic Management Questionnaire was used which developed by Qorbanzadeh (2010). Organizational Health Inventory (OHI) was used to evaluate health of organization which developed by Lynden and Klingele. The reliability was desirable (Cronbach α of Cybernetic Management Questionnaire=0. 92، Cronbach α of Organizational Health Inventory=0. 92). Normality of data distribution and significance of hypotheses were measured by Kolmogorov-Smirnov test، Pearson Correlation، independent t-test، and multivariate regression. Results showed that cybernetic management was related significantly and positively to organizational health. Cybernetic management explained a high variance in organizational health. Especially، technology had the strongest statistically significant effect on organizational health. It was concluded that it is significant to develop cybernetic management and organizational health. Morality، technology، information and leadership are considered prominent to develop productivity in organization.

The aim of this research was to determine the relationship between organizational commitment and learning organization among employees of sport and youth head offices of west of Iran. The sample was determined using Morgan’s Table­ (n=130) people that were selected using stratified sampling. We used two questionnaires including learning organization of''Watkins and Marsick'' and organizational commitment of ''Allen and Meyer''. The face and content validity of questionnaires were confirmed with 5 experts and professors in the sports management field، and Cronbach''s alpha reliability test of learning organization and organizational commitment were 0. 96 and 0. 88، respectively. This was a cross sectional study design. Kolmogorov Smirnoff، Pearson correlation coefficients، and stepwise multiple regression were used to analyze data. The findings showed; there are high and significant correlation between learning organization and organizational commitment (r=­0/499) and (P­=­0/001). Among organizational commitment dimensions، only the relationship between learning organization and continuous commitment was not significant (r=0/156)، (P=0/084). Based on ANOVA and regression analysis the highest of standardized coefficient in the fourth model، between» team learning «and» organizational commitment»­ (β=0/383) and the lowest effect coefficient of in the fifth model، between»dialogue» and»organizational commitment«variables (β=-0/247)، was obtained. With regard to calculated coefficient of determination، seventh model­ (seven dimensions of learning organization) with 28/1 percent and the first model (dialogue) with 10/4 percent، respectively explained the highest and lowest rate of organizational commitment«variance. Finally with regard to results we can present some suggestions to the administration of ministry and management of Youth and Sports departments to strengthen employees'' commitment.

Considering entrepreneurship as a state of mind، we have to admit that nowadays، apart from business and economy، any person can think and act in an entrepreneurial manner. So not only the “entrepreneurship enhancing” policies should not be confined to higher education levels، but also they have to be included in elementary and high school programs. In this study، the level of entrepreneurial attitude and the effect of some demographic variables on it were investigated among a group of 406 people of high school’s athletes’ students in Tehran. The mail tool used in this study was the translated Athyde’s (ATE) questionnaire (attitude towards entrepreneurial business initialization) which was tested for reliability by a pilot study and computation of Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient (α =0. 6) for the main study and all its components. The results showed that the level of entrepreneurial attitude vas above average among students، in all of the investigated aspects and components. They also showed that variables such as gender، having a self-employed father، employment status of mother، and the type of school (regular/technical) have no significant impact on the level of entrepreneurial attitude in students.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between knowledge management and job involvement of staff of W. Azarbaijan province headquarters of Sport and Youth. The method of study was descriptive–correlation. In respect of small statistical population، whole staffs of that headquarters were selected as samples (65)، and from this number 53 questionnaires have returned. For collecting data we used two questionnaires: 1) knowledge management (KM) questionnaire، and 2) Job involvement (JI) questionnaire. Data analyzing was done by Pearson correlation coefficient test. The results showed a positive and significant relation between knowledge management and job involvement of staff. Also there were positive and significant relation between parameters of KM (knowledge creating، knowledge sharing، knowledge application، and knowledge saving) and JI of staff. According to results of this study، organizations managers should give serious attention to KM and circumstances، and provide vital and required infrastructures. They also، have to provide the capability of increasing the staff job involvement، to improve the performance of staff and organization.

The purpose of this study was identification of emotional intelligence and organizational commitment of men and women volunteers and determining the relationship between their dimensions in 17th Asian archery completions 2011 which took place in Tehran. So all the volunteers of this event were considered as the statistical population، and the sample size was determined as the population (80 volunteers). The instruments used in this study were standard questionnaire of emotional intelligence (Bradbery & Griverz، 2004) and organizational commitment (Muday، 1979). The validity of the instruments was determined by 11 experts in this area. The Questionnaires'' reliability determined with Alpha Chronbach''s statistical test (emotional intelligence، α=0. 76) and (organizational commitment، α=0. 75). According to the results، emotional intelligence score was found 105. 31 for women and 106. 31 for men. The means of emotional intelligence dimensions were respectively: 1. Self-awareness 2. Organizational awareness 3. Inspirational leadership 4. Self-control. Also the means of organizational commitment dimensions were respectively: 1. Affective commitment 2. Continues commitment 3. Normative commitment. Finally there was positive relationship between all of the dimensions of emotional intelligence and organizational commitment. So according to the results، it''s important for the sport organizations generally and for the sport management of universities to understand the psychological factors of volunteers like emotional intelligence and organizational commitment so they can attract and attain volunteers more easily.

In current study، we paid to the effects empowering on knowledge management in sport federation''s staff. The main question of research is how amount of Empowerment on knowledge management is effective among sport federation employees? The method of research is measurement of background. The research statistic societies are all employees of sport federation on 152 federations and are about 1500 persons. By the aid of multivariable regression statistic model، research finding show، there is meaningful positive relation among “Empowerment” to”knowledge management”. in this case by increasing “competency”، knowledge management increases and by decrease، we have decrease on knowledge management.

The purpose of this study is to predict of Asian countries results in Olympic Games based on their performance at the Asian Games. For evaluating the performance of countries at Asian games are considered three variables including ranking، number of gold medals and total number of medals. The population was all Asian countries participating in Olympic and Asian Games (N=43). All the population selected as sample and their results were analyzed. For collecting data، reliable Sources were used and for ensuring data accuracy، data were examined through several sources. Any period of Asian Games was considered a prediction of next Olympic Games (the Olympic Games will be held two years later). Also، In order to evaluate and compare the descriptive data، Researchers used descriptive statistics and for analyzing inferential data used Kolmogorov-Smirnov، Pearson correlation coefficient and regression tests in SPSS software and significant level p≤0/05. Results showed that there is a significant and positive relationship between ranking of Asian countries in Olympic Games and their ranking in Asian Games، the number of gold medals won in Olympic and Asian games and total number of medals won in Olympics and Asian games. Also، number of gold medals and total number of medals won in Asian Games can predict the number of gold medals and total number of medals won in the Olympic Games. Asian countries must invest more in Asian Games to improve their performance in Olympic Games.