مجله تحقیقات دام و طیور
سال چهارم شماره 3 (1394)

This study was conducted toevaluate the effects of different ruminally degradable to ruminallyundegradable protein ratio on performance and nutrients digestibility in fattening male lambs. In the first experiment, degradability of dry matter and crude protein of fish meal, soybean meal and concentrate in diets was estimated in different incubation times (0, 4, 8, 12 and 24 h) with two fistulatedsheep of Zel breed which were fed to their maintenance requirement. The effective degradability of dry matter and crude protein in fish meal was significantly lower than in soybean meal (P

Fifteen female Holstein calves with average body weight 39.55±6.8 kg were randomly assigned to three groups immediately after birth. Treatment 1 (control): intramuscular injection of 0.14 ml normal saline per kg body weight before colostrum feeding, treatments 2 and 3: intramuscular injection of 0.07 and 0.14 ml selenofrol (each ml include 0.5 mg selenium and 50 mg vitamin E) per kg body weight after birth and before colostrum feeding, respectively. Sampling was conducted from the jugular vein immediately after birth (before colostrum feeding) and days 3, 14, 28 after birth. The serum IgG concentration was measured by ELISA method. Weight gain and indices of skeletal growth were measured at birth time and weekly for four weeks. Health status and feces flux coefficient was evaluated daily. Average of contents white blood cell, red blood cell, packed cell volume (PCV), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), hemoglobin, total serum protein and indices of skeletal growth had not significant difference among treatments. Activity of aspartate aminotransferase enzyme of control group was higher significantly than 2 treatments at 14 day of age. Average feces flux coefficient in control group was higher significantly than treatment two (P

This experiment was conducted in order to investigate the effect of Ziziphora tenuioron dry matter digestibility, rumen microbial populations and blood parameters of sheep in two separate experiments. In the first experiment, chemical composition, gas production and dry matter degradation of Ziziphora tenuior was determined using three fistulated rams. In the second experiment, nine male lambs in a completely randomized design with three levels of zero, 25 and 50 grams per day for each animal were used. Dry matter digestibility by total collection method and acid insoluble ash (AIA) was calculated, and also microbial populations of anaerobic bacteria, and lactic acid bacteria and coliforms by culture method were evaluated. The results showed that gas production rate was 23.7 ml in 200 g of dry matter and degradation rate was 0.074 ml per hour per 200 g dry matter. Degradability parameters including a, b, c, a b and effective degradability of DM in passage rate of 2, 5 and 8 percent were 32.2, 29.7, 0.03, 62.0, 49.83, 43.4 and 40.5, respectively. In the second experiment Ziziphora tenuior has no effect on dry matter digestibility of the diet with AIA, but different levels Ziziphora tenuiorincreased dry matter digestibility than control group by total collection method (P

The aim of this study was to estimate inbreeding coefficient in Raeini Cashmere goat and its impact on production traits. Pedigree information and body weight at different ages (birth weight, weaning weight, six-month weight, nine-month weight, twelve-month weight), yearling cashmere weight, pre-weaning average daily gain and Kleiber ratio of 7264 goat from 293 sire and 2057 dam were used. The data were collected during 1990-2013 in Raeini Cashmere goat breeding station in Baft, Kerman. Estimation of inbreeding coefficient was obtained by CFC program and quantifying the inbreeding regression on the traits was applied by Wombat software. Number of inbred animals in the pedigree was 163 goats (2.3 percent of the total population). The average inbreeding coefficient of the population and inbred population were 0.08 and 3.5, respectively. Inbreeding depression per 1 percent increase in individual inbreeding for birth weight, weaning weight, six-month weight, nine-month weight , twelve-month weight, yearling cashmere weigh, pre-weaning average daily gain and Kleiber ratio were -11.103, -166.19, -110.86 , -121.5, -23.16, -2.24, 0.85 and 0.069 g, respectively. The highest inbreeding coefficient was 25 percent and most of the inbred animals had inbreeding coefficients lower than 5 percent. The results of this study confirmed the low level of inbreeding in this population. Therefore, due to deleterious effect of inbreeding on production traits it is suggested that this breeding station should use a mating plan to avoid mating of relative animals.

Native and foreign sperms have been used to improve milk traits. Therefore it is necessary to investigate their effects on economic traits. In this study, 16,384 production records were used to compare Iranian and imported sperms effects on milk traits. The data were collected from 74 Holstein cattle herds of Markazi province by the Animal Breeding Center of Iran durin 2001-2013. Data editing was performed using Microsoft Excel software. A general linear model (GLM) procedure of SAS 9.1 software was used to analyze the fixed effects (herd, month of calving, year of calving and sperm type) and effect of calving age as covariate on production traits. Data were analyzed using one-trait animal model by Wombat software and genetic trend (kg/year) was calculated based on calving year. Results of milk traits showed that there was a significant difference between progeny of American and Iranian sperms as compared to offspring of other sperms (Canadian, Dutch, French, Italian and New Zealand). Genetic trends (kg/year) of milk traits were non-significant between daughters of American and Iranian sperms. However, differences of genetic trends (kg/year) were significant between daughters of American and Iranian sperms as compared to daughters of Canadian, Dutch and French sperms (P

Although phenotypic treat show direct genetic variation, the present study was to identify and study genetic diversity in populations of honey bees that is an important goal in bee breeding. Thus, colony samples of honeybees were collected from 16 different provinces of iran randomly in autumn season of the year 93. Colony grouping was studied based on morphological traits using cluster analysis (PCA) and the least variance (WARD) methods. The results indicated that there was a correlation between front wings width or trunk and the antennae or front foot, the b index and diameter, d18 angle and d7 angle and also all mentioned trait had correlation with front wings in probability level of P