نشریه سیاست های راهبردی و کلان
پیاپی 5 (بهار 1393)

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between some important factors and productivity growth of industrial sector in Iran. Given the increasing importance of productivity growth in the short term and long term countries’ economic growth، using data from the period of 1389-1373 this study is attempting to analyze the impacts of variables research and development costs، training costs، employees skill and employees wage and salary on the productivity growth of the industrial sectors which is categorized according to industry codes of double-digit ISIC. The results indicate that R&D and training costs and skill have significant positive effect on productivity growth while wage and salary has negative impact on total productivity growth. in second part، this article has showed that R&D costs have different effects on different industries productivity، as have positive impact on some industries’، negative impact on just one industry’s and meaningless on others’ productivity growth.

In divine opinion the world has a unique and coordinate system. This system has some subsets that «Economic system» is one of them. In this paper the Economic system is the system that uses the economic rules of divine system، it associates with other systems and uses economic tools، to provide، distribution and consumption of society needs. in such definition، the Economic system divides in to three important parts that are «Economic school»، related economic «institutes» and «Economic science». Aggregating these elements results «National Economy». In fact، that is «system of Islamic economy». Islamic economy forms in through Islamic regimen framework. The aim of Islamic economy in macro level is increasing the communities wealth and social welfare. By this view that is mentioned before، «Resistive Economy» is a product of Islamic economy. Resistive Economy is a stable and dynamic one that allocates the sources in optimized form in hardships and crises or to reach its goals. Also Islamic economy is necessarily Resistive، because Islamic system includes economic science''s and economic school''s potentials together.

The real effective exchange rate is regarded as one of the most important factors of international competitiveness. Thus identifying effective sources to offset fluctuations in these variables is very important in any economy. There for، this research aims، are to identify the impact of the enterprise and sovereign state in the long-term and short-term measures on the effective real exchange rate of the economy. In this study، the bounds testing approach application and it used in the Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag method (ARDL) for Quarterly data the period 1371 to 1390. Variables used in this study are: the real effective exchange rate، index of the policies and governance، economic growth، opennes and the income of oil. Overall، the findings indicate a negative relationship between the increase of state enterprises in economy and competitiveness goods، and positive long-term relationship between the sovereignty of the government''s index and the competitiveness. Somewhat، short-term results are reflects this fact. Error correction factor model is -0/265، this show that، in each period، about 26 percent of the imbalances affecting the volatility of the real exchange rate be resolved، and less than four courses are required to balance the error correction term. And model return to long-run equilibrium. The Granger causality test results show that، indirect causal relationship between the independent variables of the real effective exchange rate was at 5% level. Given these findings، the state-run effect on the real effective exchange rate could be accepted stronger.

Investment fundamental and inseparable part of the economy that appear to both domestic and foreign. this study examines the effect of FDI on economic growth in the Persian Gulf states and Iran، has been studied during 2011-1995. The results indicate that foreign direct investment through increased physical capital on economic growth has had a significant positive effect. Interaction between human capital and FDI on economic growth and the negative effect is statistically significant in other words، Given the low level of human capital. n this set of countries there is no possibility of technology transfer through foreign investment This prevents increased productivity and technology spillovers will benefit from the deterrent to economic growth in this category of countriesin other words، Given the low level of human capital. n this set of countries there is no possibility of technology transfer through foreign investment This prevents increased productivity and technology spillovers will benefit from the deterrent to economic growth in this category of countries.

The main aim of this is to survey the effect of real exchange rate changed on real gross domestic product in selected countries. Edwards (1986) model have been considered for this survey. Panel data is used for the period 1993-2010. Im Pesaran، Shin stationary، and Pedroni and Kao co ntigration tests are used to verify the existence of long run relationship among variables. Based on Hausman test، fixed effect model for Panel data is used. The estimated coefficient is statistically significant positive for the effect of devaluation on output. The results show the effect of monetary and fiscal policies on output is positive.

Today، in the economic developments، a country that has an economy based on the mono-product is on the most risk. Non-oil exports is one of the most important economic issues in the oil -rich countries and a general discussion in which، there is talking about diversity and expansion of exports compared to the single product exporting. Therefore، the adoption of policies for diversification and expansion of non-oil exports with the elimination of barriers and good strategies in this field is inevitable necessity in all of the developing countries with single-product economy. Meanwhile، the exchange rate is a variable that affected the policies of the macroeconomic variables، especially the growth of non-oil exports. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of exchange rate instability on agricultural exports in the period 1360-1390. The applied model is Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL). The results of the study show the inverse relationship between volatility of exchange rate and the agricultural exports.