Global Journal of Animal Scientific Research
Volume:2 Issue: 3, Summer 2014

The purpose of this study was to evaluate broiler performance, environmental conditions and litter quality in two conventional and environmentally controlled condition modern broiler houses. Two consecutive experiments were conducted using 60800 one day old broiler chicks (Ross 308 strain) on a commercial poultry farm included two types of conventional and environmentally controlled modern broiler houses during summer and winter seasons of Shoush, Khuzestan province of Iran. In each experiment, a total of 30400 day-old broilers were placed into both houses. Average temperature and relative humidity of the ambient and inside of the conventional and environmentally controlled condition modern houses during summer and winter at two experiments were 39.4ºC, 30.5ºC, 29.3 ºC and 40.1%, 45.3%, 44.4%, and 12.9ºC, 28.5ºC, 28.6 ºC and 36.8%, 45.2%, 39.5 %, respectively. Bird performance including live body weight, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, mortality rate, production efficiency index and litter pH, moisture content and air ammonia levels were not significantly affected by types of the houses. However, the chickens grown in the environmentally controlled condition modern house, although raised at higher stocking density (21 vs. 16 Birds/m2) than conventional house, had numerically lower mortality rate and greater production efficiency index probably due to improved environmental conditions trough proper ventilation applied in environmentally controlled condition modern house than conventional house. In conclusions, application of environmentally controlled condition modern house in addition of greater production efficiency index and less mortality rate can be useful in increasing stocking density of broiler chickens compared to conventional houses

The study was carried out to examine various practices that resettled A2 farmers have adopted to enhance cattle rearing in Matobo district in Matabeleland south province in Zimbabwe. A multi-stage random sampling method was used to select 60 a smallholder farmers to which a structured questionnaire was randomly administered. Statistical Package for Social Sciences, SPSS (1999) was used for data computation. It was observed that 47% of the farmers keep local (indigenous) breeds and 67% of the participants indicated that farmers retain steers for draught purposes. There was no significant difference (P

The study was conducted to evaluate heat tolerance of heterogeneous rabbit population raised in Southwestern Nigeria. Eighty-eight rabbits (fifty-four adult does, fifteen adult bucks and nineteen growers) were used for the study which was conducted during rain and dry seasons (early and late rain as well as early and late dry seasons). Ambient temperature and relative humidity were monitored across these seasons using dry bulb thermometer and wet and dry hygrometer respectively. Physiological parameters (rectal temperature, respiratory rate and heart rate) to obtain categorical heat stress indices were taken on each animal. Data collected on physiological traits of the animals were analyzed using statistical analysis system. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to compare variations in physiological traits of the animals as influenced by season, sex, age and coat colour of the rabbits. Duncan’s Multiple Range test was used to separate the means where significance was indicated. There were no significant effects (p> 0.05) of coat colour, age and sex of the animals on their rectal temperature. However, season of the year had significant effects on rectal temperature of the rabbits. The heart rate and respiratory rate of the animals were significantly affected (p

This study was preformed to investigate the effect of selenium and vitamin E supplementation during late pregnancy on plasma and colostrum selenium concentrations and immune system of Sanjabi ewes and their lambs. Twenty seven Sanjabi ewes were randomly assigned to three treatments groups. Four and two weeks before expected lambing, ewes were injected intramuscularly 0 ml (C) 5 ml (T1), 10 ml (T2) selenium and vitamin E respectively. Each ml of the supplement containing of 0.5 mg Se as sodium selenite and 50 mg vitamin E as D, L-alpha-tocopheryl acetate. Plasma and colostrum Se concentrations, colostrum and plasma IgG concentrations, white blood cell and differential leukocyte counts were measured. The results showed that plasma Se concentrations were significantly increased in T2 compared with controls as well as plasma Se concentration of lambs of treatments were significantly increased compared with lambs of control. The colostrum Se concentrations were significantly increased in Se supplemented groups compared with control. White blood cell counts was higher in lambs of T2 when compared with controls (P

The comparison of microbial contamination of fresh meat processed was carried out in public abattoir and slaughter slab system of operations. The meat samples were analyzed for Aerobic plate counts, coliformyeast and mould. The results indicate that the counts were significantly (p

For effective conservation and utilization of cattle gene pool consisting of native characterization is important. Therefore, the objective of the study was to assess some morphometric variations in Bhutanese native cattle breed. A total 101 adult animals were included belong to Mithun (5), Siri (bull = 14, cow = 14), Siri cow cross Mithun bull (bull = 20, cow = 20), first backcross hybrids (bull = 14, cow = 14). ANOVA was performed to test the level of significance among the populations. Bulls were superior to cows in body and head sizes and shapes. Among seven populations, Jatsha and Mithun were proportionately larger. On contrary, Thrabum (Siri cows) were comparatively smaller in body sizes and shapes (p

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of different dietary source of Non-starch polysaccharides with or without enzymes on growth performance, ileal microbial population, and serum enzyme activity of broiler chickens. A total number of 625 unsexed broiler chicken (Ross-308) were randomly assigned to 5 treatments with 5 replicates and 25 birds per each unit, using a CRD statistical design. Treatments were included control, wheat (W), wheat enzyme (WE), barley (B), and barley enzyme (BE). Feed intake and body weight gain were significantly increased, as well as feed conversion ratio decreased by diets supplemented with enzymes rather diets without enzymes (P

During the last decade, herbs and phytogenic compounds have attracted a lot of attention for their potential role as alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) in monogastric animals. AGPs have been an integral part of the poultry feed industry for more than fifty years. However, AGPs alternatives have been searched since antibiotics prolonged use has precipitated the development of resistant strains within groups of primary pathogenic or opportunistic bacteria and the breakdown of the symbiosis between animals and desirable flora. Many non-therapeutic substitutes (prebiotics, probiotics and symbiotics), especially plants extracts from a wide variety of herbs, spices and derivatives, have already been used since the antiquity. They were appreciated for their specific aroma and various medicinal properties. Recent studies on these compounds have shown some positive effects (antimicrobial, antioxidant and regulator of the gut flora) in poultry production. This indicates that plant extracts can be considered as growth promoters; however evaluation procedures of their therapeutic/beneficial effects, their toxicity and interactions with prescription drugs have to be improved.

The study was conducted in three districts of Ethiopian mid rift valley to evaluate germination date, blooming duration and number of bee visit of seven species of herbaceous bee forages. There was significant difference (P

The slaughter of camels at the Sokoto abattoir was evaluated over one year period from May, 2009-April 2010 with the aim of determining foetal wastage due to slaughter of pregnant camels. The total number of camels slaughtered during the period of study at the Sokoto abattoir was 3366 out of which 1625 were females and 113(7%) of these number were pregnant. In the study the highest wastage was observed in the month of April, followed by March and the least wastage was observed in the month of September and November. In relation to season it was observed that more female camels were slaughtered in the late dry season followed by early rainy season. However, the highest percentage of foetal wastage was in the early rainy season and least in the early dry season. It was observed that of the 113 foetuses, 35(30.97%) were in the first trimester, 52(46.02%) were in the second trimester while 26(23.01%) were in the third trimester. Estimated financial losses over a ten year period through annual slaughter of 113 pregnant camels at Sokoto abattoir was eleven million two hundred thousand naira (N11, 200,000.00). It was concluded that Government intervention in camel marketing remain essential particularly in the enforcement of policies relating to sales of pregnant camel for slaughter. Adequate ante-mortem inspection be intensified, literacy campaigns amongst butchers and farmers on the implication on slaughtering pregnant animals be intensified as effort to improve camel production in Nigeria.

Earth ecosystems cover about 28% of our planet, but only 25% of these ecosystems are green, while the remainders are characterized by sparse vegetation cover that shows the color of the soil beneath. Much of the sparse vegetation is found in arid and semiarid deserts. Using the GIS-based approach, Ecological Carrying Capacity Model of Nutrition Resources (ECCNR) is based on grazing energy intake. This study focused on the identification and analysis of the components of the ECCNR during three years in the Bakkan distinct, located in Southern Iran. The objectives of the study were to identify and describe the current components of the highland range, crop production system, the grazing ruminant production system and their interactions. Based on the study objectives, an approach system was determined to be the best way of recognizing the effects of, and the relationships between the components and modeling and simulating them is the most effective way to study and assess this complex system. Surveys were used as a technique to gather data, from interviews with nomads and the heads of their groups over a period of three years. The observations validate the generalized structure of the ECCNR under the different feeding and production systems, and this model can be coupled with the appropriate models of feeds and feeding systems in rangeland, cropland, and hand feeding systems.

This study aims to underline the real dairy performances of local cattle breeds (N’Dama, Méré and Métis) raised in rural conditions. Méré cattle is a crossbreed from crossbreeding between local trypanotolerant taurine breeds (Baoulé breed mainly) and zebu breeds from Burkina Faso and Mali, mainly. The designation ‘‘Métis’’ has been given to animals recognized as crossbred, but of unknown parents. Three parameters (Milk production, Duration of lactation and Calving interval) were studied in six rural localities of the northern region of Côte d’Ivoire. The results showed that milk quantity produced by Métis cattle, 262 ± 77 kg was significantly higher (P = 0.042) than those of the two other cattle. Méré cattle with 223.3 ± 64 of milk, was significantly different from N’Dama breed (193.53 ± 46.76 kg). Quantity of milk produced and duration of lactation were significantly influenced (P

The physical and chemical properties of some agricultural wastes included wheat straw, sugarcane bagasse, sugarcane peat; rice hulls as well as wood sheaving and sawdust as the control were examinedfor determinetheir potential as poultry bedding materials. Sugarcane bagasse and peat compared to other materials had greater initial moisture content (P

Roselle (Hibiscus Sabdariffa L.) is a medicinal plant known in Sudan as Karkadeh, which grows successfully in the tropics and sub-tropics, mainly for the production of calyces and epicalyces. This experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of feeding Roselle seeds on rams'' semen characteristics and level of blood estrogen compared with groundnut cake feeding. Nine males of Sudanese desert sheep were allocated to (3) treatments (control group (A), test group (B) and castrated group (C). While the (12) ewes were divided into two groups (control group and test group). Each ram of group A and group B mated with 3 ewes of the experimental females. Group A and C fed with groundnut cake, while group B fed with Roselle seeds .The results showed significant differences (P

This paper reviewed researches on dromedary camel milk products and their uses. Milk from the lactating camel must provide nourishment for her young calf as well as for human, not a great deal will be left for milk products. Moreover, the composition of camel milk does not allow for making some of the accepted products that are made from cow, sheep and goat milk. Nevertheless, milk products are made from camel milk, and the milk itself is used for purposes other than simply nutrition. Camel products have various names in various parts of the world. In the Caucasus it is called kefir; in Armenia, matzoon; in India, dahdi; in Sardinia, gioddu; in Bulgaria, yoghurt; in Ethiopia, Dhanaan and in Syria, Israel and Egypt, lehben. Some authors describe butter being made from camel milk. While others categorically state that butter cannot be made from camel milk. The preparation of butter from camel milk is not as easy as from milk of other animals owing to its unique milk-fat properties. Soft cheese can be made from camel milk. Camel milk and their product are used therapeutically against dropsy, Jaundice, problems of the spleen, tuberculosis, asthma, anaemia, and piles. In Ethiopia camel milk is considered as having aphrodisiac powers. In Somalia, among the pastoral tribes, it is believed that milk drunk on the night when the camels first drink water, following a long period of thirst, has magical powers. I suggest that consumption of camel milk and their products may have remedial effects for many different life-style related diseases.

From May 2010 to April 2011, 10 sampling sites were set to analyze fish diversity, community structure and dominant species. The results showed that 3720 fish of 710.860kg were collected by using cage net and gill net, total of 45 fish species belonged to 7 orders and 12 families, which is less than 18 fish species than that of 63 fish species in 1960s, a decrease of 28.57%. The IRI index of Erythrocu1ter dabryi dabryi and Coilia ectenes taihuensis were more than 2000 and the above 2 fish were dominant species. Shannon-Wiener diversity index ranged between 1.759 with 3.011, and Pielou’s evenness index ranged between 0.609 with 0.939, which showed the current state of fish diversity and community was good. The temporal and spatial variation of fish diversity and community structure in Lihu Lake were analyzed, and ecological effect of endogenous treatment was studied, which could provide references to the further treatment of exogenous pollution in Lihu Lake.