مجله پژوهش های کاربردی در مدیریت ورزشی
پیاپی 8 (بهار 1393)

This study aims to build Women's participation motivations questionnaire in recreational water sports and reliability and validity. In this study, 283 people of women Khorasan Razavi Province from 4000 people were selected using random cluster as statistical sample. In this study, after the survey content validity, to check the structural validity exploratory factor analysis was used and reliability Cronbach's alpha and data analysis the software SPSS version 18 was used. According to factor analysis motivations women’s participation questionnaire in recreational water sports were classified in eight groups with titles of: Enjoyment and relaxation (7 items), fitness (4 items), Health and Hygiene (4 items), skill 3 items), Social dimensions (6 items), Success and recognition (7 items), Prevention and treat disease (3 items), Supremacy (3 items). The reliability of the questionnaire was calculated by using Cronbach's alpha correlation coefficient (α=0/890). Enjoyment and relaxation (4/43±0/53), fitness 4/39±0/57) and Health and Hygiene (4/26±0/59) were most important motivations of women’s participation in recreational water sports. Results of this study showed, Obtained 37 questions questionnaire is an appropriate Scale for measuring women’s participation motivations in recreational water sports.

The aim of the present survey was The study of sport tourism Status in the city of Mashhad based on SWOT Analysis. it was analytical- descriptive and performed in surveying method. Тhе investigation statistic population was all the experts in the field of sport tourism in Mashhad city included professors, physical education experts, tourism experts and tourism tour leaders, that of this between, 105 selected as the sample in this investigation. Тhе measurement tool was a 49-question, researcher made questionnaire which studied the factors affecting the sport tourism in five indexes economic and marketing, social and cultural, tourism attractions, equipment and facilities and sport events and services, in four components strengths, weaknesses opportunities, and threats. Тhе validity factor of the questionnaire was 0.83 through the kronbach’s coefficient. In order to analyse the data, the descriptive statistics methods including abundance, percentage, mean, and standard deviation and inferential statistics methods including singlevariable t, the Freedman test, and multi- variate analysis of variance test were used. The results showed that from the view point of the individuals being studied, the quality of accommodations in Hotels as the most important strength, Lack of qualified personnel in different positions as the most important weakness, Despite of traded and vast market in Mashhad as the most important opportunity, and weakness in railway transportation as the most important threat, were in the field of sport tourism in Mashhad city. The results of F-test in the level of P≤0.05 for the strengths of 1.74, Weaknesses of 0.82, opportunities 0.23 and Threats 1.76 was observed, which indicate there isn’t significant differences among the views of different groups of experts about the the strength, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of sports tourism in Mashhad. In prioritization of indexes the tourism attractions were more effective than the other indexes.

Islamic Azad University as one of the nation's prestigious universities, like other universities, to improve student sports program requires strategic planning and a precise view and operational plans for implementation of the strategy. Therefore, researcher is looking for strengths and weaknesses and the opportunities and threats identified in university students’ sport. Regarding these cases, optimal strategies and operational plans for implementing strategies can be provided and consequently the improvement and development of students’ sports (extra-curricular and public) can be provided. Statistical Society included 94 person of managers and experts of physical education central administration of Islamic Azad University and some Faculty Members of physical education department of Azad universities. After preparing a questionnaire, test reliability of questionnaire was done through Cronbach's alpha coefficient and it was equal to 0.83. For data analysis descriptive induce, Friedman Inference test, internal and external evaluation matrices and SWOT analysis were used. After analysis and evaluation of a matrix of internal and external factors it was identified that sport's strategic position in the Islamic Azad University has been placed in conservative zone (WO) then operational plans to improve student extracurricular sports has been done.

The purpose of the present study was to compare job characteristics among Iranian soccer referees based on Job Characteristics Model (JCM) that it is one of the most common job design studies. 157 soccer referees in Premier League and A-league responded to seven-point Likert scale Jacko’s questionnaire (2004). To compare the core job characteristics of soccer referees, Repeated Measure, Bonferroni tests and Partial Least Squares (PLS) were used. Results show that characteristics of skill variety 0.79), specialization (0.77), feedback from job (0.62), information processing (0.61), autonomy 0.53), task significant (0.50), problem solving (0.27), had significant effects on core job characteristics among soccer referees, respectively. Characteristics of task significant, specialization, and skill variety had more effectiveness than characteristics of feedback, autonomy, and problem solving from referees’ view point (P≤ 0.05). Thus, based on factor loadings and priorities of job dimensions, problem solving can be eliminated, whereas specialization and information processing can be added to core job characteristics of soccer referees. Generally, soccer referees believe that soccer judgment is of importance, specialization, worthwhile, and high responsibility.

The purpose of this research was to design relationship model of career self-efficacy and organizational intelligence at the ministry of youth and sports of Iran. Statistical population of this study included all of employees that working at the all levels (the managerial and operational levels) ministry of youth and sports in Iran (N=850). On the basis of Morgan table, 265 persons were cluster-randomly selected of research samples. To achieve the research goals, Scherer public self-efficiency and Albrecht organizational intelligence questioners were used. Content validity and face validity of two questionnaires was confirmed by 15 experts and their reliability were studied in a preliminary study with30 subjects and calculated as (r= 0.799), and (r=0.920) respectively. For data analysis the descriptive statistics and inferential statistics methods, including Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Single sample T student test, and path analysis were used and for determination of the causal relationship between variables the method of structural equations model by application of Amos.V.18 graphics software and SPSS.V.16were used. Research findings showed that career self-efficacy and organization intelligence are not desirable. Career self- efficacy with coefficient of (E=0.58) has an impact onorganizational intelligence at the ministry of youth and sports, and also there is a significant relationship between them. Also at their relationship appetite for change with coefficient of 0.83, sprit and alignment and congruence with coefficient of 0.79, shared fate and knowledge development with coefficient of 0.64, and strategic vision with coefficient of 0.59 have the most roles. With regard to impact career self-efficacy on organizational intelligence in the Ministry of youth and sport, it’s recommended that their relationship model is used in this ministry’s planning and decisions-making.

This study aimed to investigate the legal different opinions between male and female coaches in the sport events. The study was field research, which conducted through a field survey method. The data was collected from a random selected sample of 175 coaches in Tehran sport clubs. A test-retest researcher made designed questionnaire with 86% reliability coefficient was used to acquire the information of civic law and the responsibilities awareness. Firstly, for data analysis, a Kolmogoroff- Smirnoff test was carried out of the normal distribution function and regarding the abnormal data distribution, data were analyzed by Man-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis as a non-parametric statistical way. The results revealed that 81.45% of the participants were aware of their duties and legal responsibilities in the sports events. Moreover, there was a significant difference between the legal responsibilities opinions based on genders (P ≤0.05). It means that the female coaches were more aware of their civic law responsibilities. The findings also discovered that the legal responsibilities opinions were significantly different among coaches with different high education levels (P ≤0.05). In other words, the coaches with higher education level (≥ Master) were more aware of their duties and legal responsibilities. In the job experiences background, it has also been found a significant difference among the coaches (P ≤ 0.001). It means that the coaches with higher job experiences (≥ 15 years) had significantly further awareness of legal civic responsibilities.

Olympic Games as the greatest sport event are of the most importance value for nations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and analyze the place of Iranian athletes that participated inOlympic Games (1948- 2012). Research method was descriptive- analytic and retrospective. Statistical Society was all Iranian athletes (N=584) participated in 15 periods of summer Olympic games. Information of research was collected from Olympic Games site. For analysis of data, descriptive and inferential (K-S, person and kurscalvalis test) statistic were used. Results showed that wrestling, weight lifting and taekwondo according to mean rank had first to three ranks. Significant relationship was between acquired all medals and number of participated athletes (p<0/01 r=. 434 0/0)as well. Between numbers of men athletes participants and total medal acquired also were significant relationship (p<0/01 r=. 446 0/0), In respect of this matter, it is important that Iranian sports officials consider further medalist Olympic disciplines, Specially pay attention to women's sports and athletics and swimming courses. And also they should try to send more athletes in numerous sports teams.

The Aim of this research was to determine the relationship among satisfaction of employees with the quality of service delivery and the satisfaction of participants in scholarship olympiad. To do so, all the participants in Olympiad which was implemented in Orumieh were statistical population. statistical patterns were chosen through random sampling method (participants,180). The data gathered by questionnaires employee satisfaction (Lawman1998) and qualiy of service delivery and participants satisfaction questionnaire (chen, 2008). The reliabilities were measured by karonbakh Alfa method which was obtained 0/921 for the quastionnaire of employees satisfaction,0/908 for questionnaire of the employees quality of service delivery and 0/821 for participants satisfaction. Statistical analysis was done by the use of deductive statics (consist of pearson correlation method, simple regression). The results show that there are significant relationship between employees satisfaction components and components of quality of service delivery and also show that employees satisfaction can be significant for their quality of service delivery and their quality of service delivery can be significant for costumers satisfaction.

The aim of this research is to investigate the participative management in Foolad Mobarake sport club and its relationship with dimensions of participative management such as humanism, honoring and respecting, moral in work and civil behavior. This research is analytical - descriptive and variable’s relationship is correlational which used two standard questioners about participative management and organizational citizenship behavior. The study population included allSepahan Foolad Mobarake sport club staff 96 persons. Because of the limitation of study population, all staff have been used as sample. To test the hypothesis, data evaluated by Pearson correlation test and other statistical methods and for data analysis statistical software SPSS has been used. The findings show that there is meaningful relationship between participative management and organizational citizenship behavior in level p= 0.001 and r=0.907. Due to the findings, staff in Sepahan Foolad Mobarake sport club receives the style management and existent organizational situation suitable. In other words, they know desired participative management style applied by organization management and know that their goals are in harmony with organization goals. Also this kind of management has meaningful relationship with organizational citizenship behavior by staff.

Management in sport services centers can obtain high efficiency, which attract more audience participation. Higher efficiency is important when offering services adapted to the needs of the customer and productivity of the organization. The purpose of this study was services market segmentation of sport private complex based on customer perception of quality. The Research was conducted by descriptive- survey method. The statistical population was customers of sport complex of Gas national corporate that used services for 6 months. A survey on 156 users of the services offered at private gyms. Standard survey of Sport Serve by Theodorakis et al 2001) was used and content validity of that was approved by panel of experts, including 5 university professors in sports management and in this study reliability was 0/95(p<0/005). For data analysis, the Kolmogorov Smirnov, t independently and T2 Hotelling test were used. To determine and clustering the items of the questionnaire, exploratory factor analysis was used with KMOindex and the Bartlett test was used to assess the goodness of fit model. The percentage of varianceexplained by each factor and the model were used as a predictive index (p <0/05). The results showthat the demographic characteristics of age, sex, marital status, number of years ofmembership, can be used for market segmentation. However, segmenting the number of use at a month and customer income variables were not significant (p>0/005). Thereby, managers would enjoy the benefits of these results.