مجله پژوهش های ترجمه در زبان و ادبیات عربی
پیاپی 17 (پاییز و زمستان 1396)

Investigation of the translator’s inclination towards the norms of the source text or the norms of the target text is one of the most important issues in translation studies. The translation in the first state is called sufficient translation and, in another case, is called accepted translation. Literary text translator sometimes acts upon sufficiency and sometimes acts upon acceptability. In this study, we intend to discuss the sufficiency and acceptability in the translation of the late Dr. Hasan Khadiv Jam in the chapters "Don’t Cudgel the Dead” and "Caught in Three Prisons” from Taha Hussein's book” With Abu Al-A’la in Prison." This study is descriptive-analytical, and it concludes that Khadiv Jam’s translation is based on the sum of sufficiency and acceptability and is largely influenced by the principle of acceptability in translation.

Translation has long been considered as a way to become familiar with the customs and culture of other nations and has always had two origin-oriented and target-oriented approaches, and these two approaches each have their own advocates. Antoine Burman is one of the origin-oriented theorists of translation science, who, in his theory of "disruptive tendencies," lists thirteen cases that cause distortion in translation including “verbosity” and “explanation.” This paper intends to critique the two cases in the Persian translation of Ansariyan from Sahifeh Sajjadiyah using the descriptive-analytical method to determine the extent of the deviations in his translation based on the theory mentioned above. Hence, first, referring to Berman''s theory, this paper proceeds to criticize and investigate the issues mentioned above and, in cases where it is required provides a suggested translation.The findings of this study indicate that the verbosity in the translation of Ansarian is presented in five general categories.: respect, collocation, Arabic and Persian synonyms, non-Arabic and Persian synonyms, and other verbosities; and explanation is presented in three axes of intertextual with the Qur''an, the mention of blessings, and other explanations that most of these disrupt the textual music and its hidden briefness.

Love in loud voice is a translation of a selection of poems by Nazar Qobbani, a famous Syrian poet, which has been translated by Ahmad Pouri from English into Persian language. In the process of this literary translation from Arabic into English, and then into Persian, there have been some changes in the dominant discourses on the text that can be observed, including religious, national- ethnic and structure-breaking and political discourse that have been changed or eliminated in the process of the translation. In this paper, we are going to examine the original and translated text based on discourse analysis and then, analyzing the change of Socioculturalelements in the process of translation. What we see in this study indicates that in this translation, in the discourses such as national, ethnic, political, structure-breaking and religious ones, the changes like deletion, selection versus an inappropriate equivalent, and sometimes changes to eliminate the tension existing in the original text has been made consciously.

Cultural context is one of the topics discussed in semantics which has great efficiency in understanding the text and in particular literary texts. Each text derives from individual and collective thought and culture in which some of their vocabularies contain special cultural discourse that translates into fundamental challenges. Discourse and the discursive attitude of the text are considered along with the texture and its constituent elements and in particular the cultural elements. In this research, we are looking to search and analyze the discourse vocabulary in Sadi’s Golestan and its Arabic translation by Mohammed Al- Furati. Therefore, with the descriptive-analytical method, we have considered the vocabulary from the point of view of the context and cultural discourse. In Sadi’s Golestan, there are words that play vital roles in the formation of meaning and semantic identity of the text such as Rand, Darwish, Parsa, the Lords of the World, and Qalandar. Due to the context and cultural discourse of Golestan, Saadi has somehow played the role of the deep meaning of his personal culture.

In relation to language and thought, discussion of language relativity can still be controversial. This hypothesis, more often known as “Sapir–Whorf hypothesis” is based on how language impacts on thought. In its extreme form, it is language that determines and directs thought, and in its mildest form, language affects parts of thinking. The basis of this hypothesis is that the speakers of every language encounters and conceptualizes the world through their own language. Therefore, linguistic differences sometimes lead to differences in the worldviews. Naturally, translation, which transmits data from one language to another, will be affected by such relativity. This article, by a descriptive-analysis, seeks to categorize distinct relativities in Arabic and its effect on the translation of Arabic texts, especially ancient texts into Persian. It seems that based on the distinct Arabic origins of Persian and different pre-Islamic cultural dimensions it would be possible to consider categories of mild relativity in order to confront the translation of Arabic texts with particular challenges. The basic question of the research is to explain the grammatical categories of relativism and how it affects the translation from Arabic. This ultimately leads to the conclusion that the categories of time, number, and gender in verbs, some conjugations, color, descriptions, as well as, some natural phenomena indicate that Arabic, especially in its early periods, is far more atomistic than Persian. In other words, it separates the outer world with more sections, and In this regard, the special attention of translators is required.

The purpose of this research is to investigate how the cultural elements of the story "Farsi Shekar Ast" by Mohammad Ali Jamalzadeh, is transferred from Persian to Arabic, using Peter Newmark's model for categorizing cultural categories and its translation strategies. The most important findings of the present study, which have been written with a descriptive-analytical method, indicate that the story of "Farsi Shekar ast" has all five categories of cultural categories that Newmark deserves, the translator translates this story more than the equivalent cultural equivalent and in this way, a translation is tailored to the culture of the target language.