Apadana Journal of clinical Research
Volume:1 Issue: 2, 2012

The purpose of this study was to comparethe use of cross-sectional imaging techniques verses surgery in locating parotid masses. Our study was performed on patients assumed to haveparotid masses from Dec 2010 to Dec 2011. Before surgery, imaging studies (Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging) ofparotid were done. After surgery, we compared the surgical findings with cross-sectional imaging. After data collection we used statistical analysis and SPSS 19 and McNemar''s test. In this study 23 patients were analyzed based on imaging and surgical findings. 14 cases were male and 9 cases were female and the mean age was 46 years. Sensitivity of cross- sectional imaging in predicting the surgical location of superficial and extended lesions of parotid, using lateral margin of retro mandibular vein, was 83% and 100% respectively. Overall accuracy of cross-sectional imaging for predicting surgical location of parotid lesions was 86.9%. Based on findings of this study, cross-sectional imaging has valuable sensitivity and accuracy for predicting surgical location of parotid lesions.

The researcherclarifiedthat β / Globin genes cluster haplotype in patients with sickle cell anemiaprovide useful population data or the predicting of disease severity, gene flow, and the origins of sickle cell mutation in this region. A total of 150 subjects were investigated in two different groups for five polymorphism restriction sites of beta Globin gene cluster. The first groups 100 cases wereexamined in March 2008 and the second groups 50 cases in May 2010.ETDA blood was taken and DNA was prepared from subjected leukocytes and the βs gene cluster were amplified via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using a DNA TM KIT.The sickle mutation eliminates the recognition sequence of this enzyme. Both studies showed five haplotypesto exist in a population of one hundred and fifty sickle cell anemia patients (300 chromosomes). The Arab-Indian haplotype was found to be the highest rankinginprevalence (43.66). The second most common haplotype was the Benin haplotype (24.66%)followed by the Bantu haplotype (18%), and the Cameron haplotype which was ranked fourth(7.66%). The Senegalhaplotype was ranked fifth in terms of prevalence (5.33%). The overall conclusion from the SCA gene analysis in Khuzestan showed a spectrum of all 5 haplotype types of the African, Arab-Indian sickle cell haplotypewhich produced various types of homozygote and heterozygote admixture SCAs with various mild to very severe clinical course and clinical manifestation in the region. It is best recommended that the history, patients exam,CBC, RBC indices, hemoglobin electrophoresis, sickle preparation, DNA mutation analysis,haplotype determination and family pedigree be taken into account.

The efficacy of different doses of hydroalcoholic fruit extract of cassia fistula (golden shower tree) in diminishing or reversing induced bromobenzene-hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity were investigated in male Albino mice. Biomarkers and histological liver and kidney alterations, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), γ-glutamyl transferase (γ-GT), bilirubin, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine were evaluated. Animals were divided into 6 groups: negative control (received daily normal saline), positive control (received daily bromobenzene (BB) 460 mg/kg) and groups 3 to 6 received 200, 400, 600 or 800 mg/kg hydroalcoholic C. fistula extract as oral gavages for 10 days two hours following BB administration 460 mg/kg. Treatment with different doses diminished the increased levels of AST, ALT, ALP, γ-GT, bilirubin, BUN and cratinine levels. Histopathological examination exhibited a significant improvement of hepatocellular architecture and the reduction of necrosis in the kidney. The effects allow us to suggest that t C. fistula fruit extract might represents a new therapeutic option for inducedhepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity.

Generated acoustic trauma by suction and drill may cause sensorineural hearing loss after Tympanomastoidsurgery. This study was carried out to determine the relationship of sensorineural hearing loss and chronic otitis media surgery at Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences in Iran. This prospective study included 386 patients of chronic middleear disease, which were surgically treated at the department of otolaryngology of aImam Khomeini and Apadana hospitals in Ahvaz, between March 2008 to March 2011. Drilling duration in tympanomastoidsurgery was 26.1±15.5 minutes. The preoperative and postoperative bone conduction thresholds in frequencies 250 to 4000 HZ were obtained one day before and 6-8 weeks after the surgical procedure by one expert audiologist. A total of 386 patients were included in this study. Among them 267 (69.17%) were female and 119(30.83%) of them were male. The patients ranged in age from 6 to 68 yearswith a mean of 26.15 years. Statistically significant deterioration in bone conduction thresholds was found only with radical mastoidectomy. There was no change in mean bone conduction thresholds in 319 (82.6%) of patients. A total of 38 (9.8%) patients showed worsening of postoperative bone conduction thresholds. Our study has shown that the middle ear surgery in chronic otitis media in majority of the patients does not affect bone conduction thresholds. It is suggested that all ENT surgeon should do chronic otitis media surgery without being worried, but must take all the precaution.

The aim of this study is to find out the prevalence of hypozincemia in patients suffering from Tinnitusand to investigate the effect of Zinc therapy upon the severity of Tinnitus. Patients and We studied 66 who suffered from tinnitus, which were randomized to two groups according to the zinc level including < 50 μg /dl and > 50 μg /dl groups. The zinc level was measured in non-diluted serum by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry from fasting blood samples. The zinc level in< 50 μg /dl and > 50 μg /dl groups, before and after treatment (47.750 vs. 77.3 μg/dl, P < 0.02; 86.6 μg/dl vs. 98.2 50 μg /dl, P<0.001, respectively) was statistically significant. Hence, in Placebo group, before and after treatment the zinc level was not statistically significant (73.2 μg/dl vs.72.6 μg/dl, respectively). The result showed that the mean of subjective tinnitus in zinc group decreased. However, the decrease in severity of the tinnitus was not significant in patients receiving placebo. The zinc level increased significantly in the patients treated with zinc.This study indicate that administration of zinc has a beneficial effect on tinnitus but these results still have to be confirmed in clinical trials with larger samples.

Lingual thyroid (LT) is a rare developmental thyroid anomaly usually affecting. Although the exact pathogenesis of this ectopic, accessory thyroid tissue is not known, it generally originates from epithelial tissue of non-obliterated thyroglossal ductus. In this report, a case of lingual thyroid in a 45 years old male patient with difficulty in breathing and swallowing complaints for 5 years is presented and the role of ultrasound (US) is emphasized.