مجله سلامت جامعه
سال نهم شماره 4 (زمستان 1394)

Social support is a critical component in the lives of patients with HIV. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to examine the role of social support in orientation and life expectancy of healthy people and patients with HIV in Zabol.
The method of this study was descriptive following a correlational predictive design. The statistical population of the current study included all patients with HIV and normal people in Zabol and the statistical sample of this study contained 190 individuals (40 patients with HIV and 150 healthy people). To collect the data, the Sherbourne and Stewart Social Support Survey, the Hallajian Life Expectancy Questionnaire, and the Carver et al. Life Orientation Test were used.
The results of Pearson correlation coefficient indicated that social support was significantly and positively related to life expectancy (r=0.33) and life orientation (r=0.31) of patients with HIV and in addition, the results of simultaneous regression revealed that social support alone predicted 10% of the variance in life expectancy and 9% of the variance in life orientation among patients with HIV; however, in healthy people, social support predicted only 3% of the variance in life expectancy and 5% of the variance in life orientation.
Given the results of the current study, regarding the promotion of life expectancy and orientation in life, patients with HIV need more social support compared to healthy individuals.

Quality of working life is an important concept in the role of nurses care taking life. Moral sensitivity is one of the factors that influence the decision-making process of the nurses. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between moral sensitivity and the quality of working life of nurses in hospitals of Tabriz¡ Iran.
Material and This cross - sectional study was conducted using Pearson correlation. The population study consisted of all nurses working in hospitals in the city of Tabriz in 2014 and a stratified random sample of 186 subjects was selected. Two questionnaires were used to gather information: Kim ethical sensitivity and Quality of Work Life of Brooks and Anderson. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation and inferential statistics such as Pearson correlation coefficients.
A positive correlation between moral sensitivity¡ quality of working life - domestic (r=342¡ p=0.001)¡ quality of work (r=364¡ p=0.001)¡ quality of working life (r=378¡ p=0.001)¡ respectively was obtained. But no relation was found between the quality of the work plan with moral sensitivity (r=190¡ p=0.196).
Regarding the relationship between moral sensitivity with the quality of work life for nurses¡ the awareness of nurses could be raised through education and encouraging nursing moral behavior¡ and in doing so enhance their quality of working life.

Efforts to improve the health of students and thus contributing to achieving the goals of the educational system is very necessary. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of physical fitness activities on promoting the public health in primary school students of khorramabad city.
For this purpose, among the 38,633 elementary school students, 100 available cases were selected. After completing the demographic and general health Goldberg questionnaire (1972), the students were divided into control and experimental groups randomly. Then the experimental groups completed fitness exercises for 12 weeks according to pre-determined exercise programs. After completing the training program, general health questionnaire, were recompleted and collected by the samples. Data were analyzed using t-test.
That exercise and physical fitness followed the increase general health of students in components of somatic symptoms (p=0.003), anxiety and insomnia (p=0.009), social dysfunction (p=0.001) and depression (p=0.001).
Sport can be used as a public health intervention to improve the student's productivity, therefore, the schools that play an important role in students teaching, can help to this aim with using physical training.

Multiples clerosis is a common autoimmune disease. The prevalence of multiple sclerosis in the general population of the world is aone percent. This study aimed to compare the perceived social support and psychological hardiness in patients with multiple sclerosis and normal people.
This comparative study was executed on 35patients with multiple sclerosis and 35 normal subjects who responded to the perceived social support and psychological hardiness questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis of variance.
Data analysis showed significant differences in the scores of patients with multiple sclerosis and normal people on the scale of perceived social support and psychological hardiness. Such that patients with multiple sclerosis had lower scores in social support and psychological hardiness.
Family and community play a vital role in the disease process. By learning and improving the psychological hardiness to improve their mental health, patients could help themselves to overcome the hardships of this disease and in this regard the family and societie’s support are needed as well.

As in the other countries, breast cancer is increasing in Iran, and usually it is diagnosed at an advanced stage. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the needs of counseling women about breast cancer.
This is a qualitative study and data were gathered through Focus Group Discussion (FGDs), which was conducted on 56 women (age range 17-77 years) referring to gynecology, family planning and prenatal care clinics at Al- Zahra Educational Hospital in Rasht, Iran in 2012. Data were gathered by semi-structured interviews and investigator-recorded responses. At the end of each session, all responses verbal and non verbal were summarized exactly. In the end collected data were analyzed by using quality content analysis. Data analysis and content analysis was done according to recommended steps Granhaym and Landman.
In this study, the mean age was 36.5 ± 12.8 years. Data analysis led to the emergence of three main themes of improving knowledge and understanding of the disease (educational-informational needs), according to the beliefs and assumptions associated with the disease (Assumption –believes needs), improve personal health (care needs) and six sub-themes.
The results of this study indicate a need for the design and development of training programs and consulting services more effectively and efficiently in order to promote health knowledge, attitude and unrealistic and inaccurate perceptions of women. Promoting their self care behaviors and the prevention of breast cancer is more crucial than ever.

Obsessive-compulsive disorder in children is a neuropsychiatric condition that is associated with considerable psychosocial impairment. The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiology and clinical features of obsessive beliefs and obsessive-compulsive disorder in 8-17 year old students in kermanshah city.
Material and The statistical population for this cross-sectional study included all the primary and first grade high school students (8-17 years old) in Kermanshah city in 2015. through multi-stage cluster sampling, 762 patients were selected. Demographic information and OBQ-CV and OCI-CV questioners were completed for each one of them. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation coefficient, chi-square test and logistic regression.
The Results showed that prevalence of OCD and OB in the total sample was %16.80, and in the guidance school students was %19 and for the primary school students it was %14.50. The prevalence was higher in boys versus girls (p=0.041), and in the guidance school students was higher than the primary students (p=0.036). The correlation between OB and OCD was statistically significant (p The Prevalence of OB and OCD in the students of Kermanshah city was significant in comparison with the other studies conducted within and outside the country. However, attention should be paid to mental health policy-making in students to decrease the behavioral problems and prevent future problems.

Previous research has shown that attending to spirituality can reduce both the psychological distresses and the severity of psychological symptoms. The present research was carried out to compare the effects of spiritual intelligence and life skills training on spiritual intelligence of Sirjan nursing students with anxiety.
This semi- experimental study was conducted in the academic year of 2013-2014. Fifty eight nursing students who had high anxiety scores were randomly assigned into three groups: experimental one, experimental two, and control. Participants in the experimental one and experimental two groups participated in a one hour spiritual intelligence and life skills classes for ten sessions, whereas the control group received no education. The King Intelligence Questionnaire was administrated in pre-test and post-test. The groups were analyzed by Co-variance and Post Hoc test (Tukey).
Results showed that spiritual intelligence and life skills training have similar effects on increasing the spiritual intelligence among the nursing students. The experimental group number one and the control groups obtained the significance level of p Spiritual intelligence and life skills training are effective in increasing the spiritual intelligence.

Perceived workplace exclusion and workplace indecency are among the problems of organizations which lead to Corruption, reduction in Organizational efficiency and Job Satisfaction. Thus, the present study examined the relationship between perceived workplace exclusion with workplace indecency in the medical staff of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences.
Material and The population for this descriptive research included all of medical staff in Rafsanjan University of medical sciences in 2013. By Cochran’s formula and categorical random sampling method, 248 subjects were selected and responded to workplace exclusion scale (WES) and workplace Incivility scale questioners. Data were analyzed with Kendall and Spearman test and multivariable regression.
The Results showed that exclusion by the teammate and exclusion with colloquy language have the most correlation with workplace indecency and exclusion by the head of the department had the lowest correlation.
It is proposed that with respect to the positive relation between perceived exclusion and indecency in the workplace, the managers use the most effort for creating an intimate and empathic atmosphere between the personnel in order to reduce the indecency and perceived exclusion between the personnel and its consequences in the workplace.