فهرست مطالب

Medical Laboratory - Volume:5 Issue: 3, Aug 2018

International Journal of Medical Laboratory
Volume:5 Issue: 3, Aug 2018

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1397/06/10
  • تعداد عناوین: 8
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  • Noorodin Karami, Seyed Hamidreza Mirabutalebi, Fatemeh Montazeri, Afshin Karami Pages 164-172
    Infertility is a reproductive-related disorder and different factors account for its development. Male factors contribute to at least 20% of infertility. Despite the efforts performed in this field, the causes often remain idiopathic. Epigenetic factors such as small non-coding RNAs play important functions in male infertility. Also, P-element induced wimpy testis in drosophila-interacting RNAs, as a class of sncRNAs, are involved in spermatogenesis. Therefore, they can be used as a novel and promising approach in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of male infertility. However, this still requires further investigations. This is one of the first studies that reviewed recent investigations on the potential role of piRNAs in male infertility and in human population and can help to better understanding of the etiology of these conditions and diagnosis of patients.
    Keywords: Male infertility, Epigenetic, piRNAs, Small non, coding RNA
  • Farzaneh Alaei Sheini, Malihe Tabnak, Maryam Hasanzadeh Bezvan, Mojdeh Mahdiannasser, Hadis Musavi, Hamid Choobineh, Mojtaba Abbasi Pages 173-181
    Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a species of Herpesviridae showing no clinical symptoms in the earlier stage of infection in pregnant women. Nevertheless, it can be transmitted to the baby through saliva, body fluids, blood and cervical secretions. The aim of this study is a systematic review of the effects of CMV on abortion. Data were collected from Web of Science (ISI), PubMed, Scopus, Ovid, and EMBASE databases published by May 2018. The keywords used included abortion, current abortion, B19, Cytomegalovirus, spontaneous abortion, and placenta. The National Institutes of Health's Quality Assessment Tool was used for quality assessment. Fifteen papers from 1993 to 2018 were reviewed 11 of which were descriptive-analytic and the remaining 6 were case-control. In the case-control studies, the control group consisted of healthy pregnant women with no history of abortion. The case group comprised women who had experienced abortion and recurrent abortion. The maximum sample size included 779 and the minimum included 17 cases of abortion. The highest incidence of CMV infection in abortion was 100% reported by Saraswathy and 97% in the study of Tarokhian. The lowest was observed by Oliveira with 0.04% and by Kakru with 16%.The results of most studies indicate that CMV infection can lead to abortion by transfer through body fluids activation of the uterine inflammatory response and immune response, as well as transfer into embryonic tissues.
    Keywords: Abortion, Cytomegalovirus, Pregnant women, Recurrent abortion
  • Mahin Ghafourzade, Seyed Mohammad Seifati, Seyed Ali Fatehifazli, Erfan Zaker Pages 182-187
    Aims and
    Background
    For a long time, intestinal parasite infections are among the major problems of Public health in Iran. Our aim was epidemiological studies on the frequency of intestinal parasites in patients referred to medical centers of Shahid Sadoughi University in Yazd during 2015-2016.
    Materials And Methods
    In a two years cross-sectional study in the medical centers of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science, 31000 stool samples were evaluated for parasitic infections by direct smear and formalin-ether concentration methods.
    Results and
    Conclusions
    The results showed that Incidence was 3.8%. Protozoan infection were Blastocystis hominis (1.75%), Giardia lambelia (1.45%), Chilomastix mesnili (0.35%), Trichomonas hominis (0.05%) and helmints in infections were Hymenolepis nana (0.11%), Enterobius vermicularis (0.08%) and Ascaris lumbricoides (0.01%). There was a significant difference in parasite prevalence between age categories. However, no significant difference was found with gender. The intestinal parasites, especially helminthic infections have been decreased during recent years.
    Keywords: Intestinal parasites, Prevalence, Yazd
  • Zahra Badiee, Mahdieh Sepasizang Abadi, Aref Keshavarzi, Mohammad Reza Keramati, Hossein Ayatollahi, Mohammad Hadi Sadeghian, Seyyede Fatemeh Shams, Sepideh Shakeri Pages 188-194
    Background And Aims
    Iron overload is one of the effects of frequent transfusion in beta-thalassemia major (BTM) patients. Osteopenia and osteoporosis are the secondary complications of frequent transfusion due to toxic effects of iron on osteoblasts. Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1) is a secreted protein which plays an important role in the development of osteoporosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between DKK-1 protein and iron overload in BTM patients.
    Materials And Methods
    Fifty BTM patients and fifty healthy individuals participated in this case-control study. Each group were similar in terms of age and gender. We evaluated serum levels of DKK-1 and ferritin by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry method was used to evaluate patients bone density. Complete blood count and osteoporosis parameters (densitometry test results) were checked in both groups.
    Results
    The mean age of BMT patients was 25.82 years (24 male/26 female); it was 26.98 years (25 male/25 female) in control group. Significantly, the serum level of DKK-1 was higher in BTM samples (p
    Conclusions
    Probably, DKK-1 protein plays a significant role in the development and intensification of osteoporosis in BTM patients; it can be used as an applicable factor for early diagnosis of osteoporosis and follow-up in adult BTM patients.
    Keywords: Beta, thalassemia major, Dickkopf, 1, Ferritin
  • Alireza Goodarzi, Fatemeh Yari, Mahshid Mohammadipour, Mohammad Reza Deyhim, Hossin Timori Naghadeh Pages 195-207
    Background And Aims
    Platelet factor 4 (PF4) or CXCL4 is a member of CXC chemokine family which is stored in alpha granules of platelets. The main function known for PF4 is angiostasis which may contribute to prevent tumor metastasis. This feature is mediated by CXCR3 on the endothelial cells. Our principal aim was to study the apoptosis induction in three cell lines treated with PF4 and obtained from human platelet concentrates.
    Materials And Methods
    We evaluated the apoptotic effect of platelet-derived PF4 on the U266B1 and K562 cell lines expressing CXCR3, compared with Daudi as a CXCR3-negative cell line. PF4 was purified from human platelet concentrates by immunoaffinity chromatography and was concentrated. The quantity and molecular weight of the obtained PF4 was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis methods respectively. Cell lines were treated for 72 and 96 h with 90 μg/ml of PF4. Apoptosis was assayed by using CD95, WST-1, active caspase-3, and cell count.
    Results
    Platelet-derived PF4 was a weak agent to induce apoptosis in U266B1 and K562 cell lines. Our data showed in terms of WST-1 and cell count had a significant difference between control and experiment groups (p≤0.05), while CD95, LDH, and active caspase-3 did not show such a difference (p>0.05).
    Conclusions
    We observed that PF4 released from platelets has a weak potential to induce apoptosis in cancerous cell lines. Other factors may also contribute to this process including the applied dose, purification method, cell line type, and its proteoglycan carrier.
    Keywords: Apoptosis, CXCR3, K562, Platelet factor 4
  • Arezoo Faramarzi, Reza Safaralizadeh, Mohammadali Hosseinpourfeizi, Yaghoub Moaddab Pages 208-213
    Background And Aims
    An impairment of expression in MLL2 gene involved in histone methylation induces alteration in the methylation patterns at enhancers and causes several cancers including colon cancer. In this study, MLL2 expression was evaluated in North West of Iran.
    Materials And Methods
    To evaluate the MLL2 expression in patients with colon cancer, 25 tumor samples and 25 samples of tumor margins were collected and analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction.
    Results
    KMT2B level was not associated with age (p=0.3), gender (p=0.05) and tumor size (p=0.2) but had relation with stage of tumor (p=0.04).
    Conclusions
    According to the results obtained from investigating the MLL2 gene expression, it was found that it has a significant relationship with the stage of tumor.
    Keywords: Colorectal cancer, Histone methylation, Methylation, MLL2
  • Hassan Momtaz, Soheila Sadat Mirhoseini Ardakani, Shiva Mahdian Pages 214-221
    Background And Aims
    Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is considered as one of the most dangerous pathogenic bacteria due to the production of extracellular toxins. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of S. aureus and to characterize the recovered strains for their enterotoxin-producing genes in raw cow milk.
    Materials And Methods
    During 9 months duration of the study, a total of 322 raw milk samples were collected from different markets in Isfahan province in Iran. S. aureus isolates were identified by bacteriology and biochemical tests. The isolates were typed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) for detection of coa gene and genes encoding classic enterotoxins (sea, seb, sec and sed).
    Results
    A total of 109 strains were positive for at least one type of staphylococcal enterotoxin genes with sea being the predominant. The isolates were grouped into 3 genotypes I, VIII and IX using RFLP analysis results of the genes.
    Conclusions
    The alarmingly high prevalence of S. aureus and their enterotoxin genes in raw cow milk should raise awareness about the food safety of such milk and milk products.
    Keywords: Coagulase gene, Enterotoxin genes, Raw cow milk, Staphylococcus aureus
  • Seyed Javad Pourafzali, Azad Khaledi, Rahele Miri, Seyed Ali Akbar Shamsian, Seyed Abdolrahim Rezaee, Ahmad Piroozmand, Kiarash Ghazvini Pages 222-228
    Background And Aims
    Almost 350 million people worldwide are carriers of hepatitis B virus. The rate of chronic carriers in Iran is about 3%. Therefore Iran is categorized as a country with moderate rate of infection with this virus. In developing countries, transmission from mother to fetus and newborn is considered as one of the main routes of transmission. So, this study investigated the prevalence of hepatitis B and its risk factors in pregnant women.
    Material and
    Methods
    In this descriptive cross-sectional study which has been done in 2010-2011, of 759 pregnant women referred to the Central Laboratory of ACCER and laboratory of Mashhad Ghaem hospital for HBsAg testing, after obtaining consent form, patients entered to the study with simple non-probability sampling, and a questionnaire was completed about demographic characteristics and related factors. Then data were analyzed by SPSS ver.13.
    Results
    The mean age of participants was 28.16 ± 4.8, the prevalence of HBsAg among pregnant women was reported 0.3%, and also because of finding only two cases of HBsAg positive, significant association was not found with socio-demographic factors such as; vaccination history of hepatitis B (P= 0.527) and risk factors including family history of hepatitis B or hepatitis C (P= 0.999).
    Conclusions
    Our study revealed that the prevalence rate of HBsAg positive among pregnant women is low. The prevalence of obtained HBsAg in this study compared to other studies from Iran is low, so, further studies with more cases are necessary to achieve real estimation of HBsAg positive among pregnant women.
    Keywords: HBsAg, Pregnant women, Iran