فهرست مطالب
Future Natural Products
Volume:3 Issue: 2, Spring 2017
- تاریخ انتشار: 1396/06/13
- تعداد عناوین: 6
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Pages 1-6Background And AimsResistance of bacteria against antibiotics has always been a prevalent problem in medicine. So, finding new antimicrobial compounds with least side effects seems to be necessary. This paper aims to explore the antimicrobial effects of Thyme, and Aloe vera and Zararia multiflora extracts against Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistant to antibiotics.MethodsThyme, and Aloe vera and Z. Multiflora extracts were obtained by using rotary devices. Twenty samples of P. aeruginosa were collected from the patients being cured in Zabol hospitals. The least hindering and killing concentrations of the samples were calculated by lowering their density in sinks. Sensitivity of P. aeruginosa to the different antibiotics prepared by Padtan Teb Co was evaluated by the diffusion disk standard method proposed by Kirby Bauer. Data were analyzed statistically by determination of significant difference using analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. All tests were analyzed at the significance level PResultsOur results have shown that Aloe vera hinders the growth of bacteria in various concentrations. Despite the relative resistance of most of the samples in the used concentrations, the highest sensitivity was observed in 10 and 20 mg/l. Approximately, Aloe vera extract has shown the highest hindrance effect in 5 mg/l. Further, the highest sensitivity to Z. Multiflora was in 10 and 20 mg/l in which 100% of the bacteria were killed. Approximately, Z. Multiflora of 5mg/l had the highest resistive effect.ConclusionThyme, and Aloe vera and Z. Multiflora extracts have considerable antimicrobial effect on the samples of the P. aeruginosa resistant to antibiotics.Keywords: Antimicrobial effects, Antibiotic resistant, Pathogens, Plant extract
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Pages 7-15Background And AimsStaphylococcus aureus is an important contaminant of milk and dairy products. It can cause a wide range of illnesses including, food poisonings and nosocomial infections. The aim of this study was to compare the antimicrobial effects of the essential oil , aqueous extract and powder of the Satureja bachtiarica on staphylococcus aureus.MethodsSatureja bachtiarica was collected from the heights of the province of Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari and its extract and essential oil were collected. The bacteria staphylococcus aureus was obtained from the Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology. The bacterium was inoculated in equal amounts to specimens of cream cheese; afterward different concentrations of the essential oil , aqueous extract, and herbal powder were produced and inoculated in in equal amounts to the cream cheese specimens; subsequently, the specimens were checked 20, 40 and 60 days after inoculation. In the end, the microbial activity of the essential oil , aqueous extract and herbal powder were reported according to mg/ml.ResultsThe minimum growth of the bacteria staphylococcus aureus was observed in the 1000 milligram concentrations of essential oils and 125 mg of the aqueous extract and 125 mg of powder of the plant. At all the concentrations tested the pH changes in the fortieth day, and the changes in the rigidity of the cream cheese specimens were significant as well. At some of the concentrations of the aqueous extract and some concentrations of the herbal powder the changes in the texture of the cream cheeses, comparing to the controls, were significant.ConclusionThe essential oil , aqueous extract and powder of the Satureja bachtiarica have a great inhibiting effect on the growth of the bacterium staphylococcus aureus. Thus, it can be used as a natural preservative in foods with high lipid content.Keywords: Essential oils, Satureja bachtiarica, Staphylococcus aureus, Extracts, Powder
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Pages 16-25Background And AimsTo analyze the pharmacognostic characteristics and physiochemical parameters of the leaves of Gomphrena serrata (G. serrata).MethodsMicroscopic characters and powder analysis had been carried out with the help of a microscope. The physiochemical properties such as loss on drying, total ash value, acid insoluble ash value, water soluble ash value, extractive values and fluorescence of G. serrata had been performed.ResultsMacroscopically, the leaves are simple, elliptical in shape, rounded or obtuse apex with an entire margin. Microscopically, the leaf showed the presence of epidermal cells with uniseriate multicellular covering trichomes and anomocytic stomata, followed by 1-2 layered collenchymatous cells and 10-15 numbered conjoint, collateral closed vascular bundles are some of the diagnostic characteristics observed from an anatomical study. Powder microscopy of leaf revealed the presence of uniseriate multicellular covering trichomes, lignified xylem vessels, epidermis with anomocytic stomata and parenchyma cells. The investigations also included leaf surface data i.e., quantitative leaf microscopy and fluorescence analysis. Physiochemical parameters such as loss on drying, extractive values and ash values were also determined. Preliminary phytochemical screening showed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, steroids, carbohydrates, glycosides, amino acids and proteins.ConclusionThe morphological, microscopical and physicochemical parameter results provided in this paper may be utilized as a basis for the preparation of a monograph on G. serrata leaves.Keywords: Pharmacognostic, Gomphrena serrata, Anomocytic stomata, Lignified xylem vessels, Phytochemical, Physicochemical analysis
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Pages 26-32Background And AimsCoinciding with the rise of human population, the use of medicinal plants began by ancient peoples as medicine, poison, detergent, food and paint upon it.MethodsIn present study, the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of Shirazi thyme, T. vulgaris, essential oil was analyzed by three methods (DPPH, potassium ferricyanide reaction and CUPRAC methods) and comparison with TBHQ method for determination of reducing power of T. vulgaris essential oil by potassium ferricyanide method. Phytochemical composition of T. vulgaris essential oil was identified by GC/Mass device.ResultsThe results showed that T. vulgaris essential oil has a good potential against oxidants even near to TBHQ. The essential oils of this plant are Thymol (40.02%) and Carvacrol (18.31%).ConclusionThe results of antioxidant activity of Thymus vulgaris using three methods and comparison with TBHQ (Tertiary butyl hydroquinone) showed Thymus vulgaris essential oil have a good potential for scavenging of free radicals similar to TBHQ.Keywords: Thymus vulgaris, Antioxidant activity, Essential oil, GC-mass, TBHQ
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Pages 33-41Background And AimsPCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome) is the most common endocrine and metabolic disorder characterized by amenorrhea, hyper androgens, hirsutism, chronic anovulation and infertility. The aim of the present study was determining the effects of ginger extract, and 6-gingerol on hormonal levels and ovarian follicles in induced PCOS rats, and comparing the ameliorating effects of these two substances for treatment of PCOS.MethodsIn this experimental research, 42 adult female Wistar rats weighting between 160 g-180 g were divided into six groups of 7 animals. PCOS control that received no injection. PCOS received intraperitoneal injections of 100 mg/kg of ginger extract (for 28 days). Statistical analyses with SPSS, one-way ANOVA, T-test and Duncan test were used to compare groups.ResultsIn comparison with PCOS control, the treatment of PCOS rats with ginger extract (100 and 200 mg/kg) and 6-gingerol (200 and 400 µg/kg) led to significant decrease in LH levels. There was a decrease in FSH levels, but the significant one was only in the 6-gingerol treated group (400 µg/kg). In PCOS treated groups with ginger extract and 6-gingerol, the serum levels of estradiol decreased significantly compared to control and PCOS control groups (PConclusion6-gingerol and ginger extract may be a useful treatment for improving the PCOS through reduction of estrogen, testosterone, LH and FSH, and improvement of ovulation. In fact, because of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of ginger components, especially 6-gingerol, they can cause to improve PCOS.Keywords: 6-Gingerol, Ginger, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Hormonal levels
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Pages 42-49Background And AimsThe genus Artemisia is one of the largest and most widely distributed of the nearly 100 genera in the tribe Anthemideae of the Asteraceae (Compositae). 34 species of Artemisia have been reported in Iran. Several secondary metabolites characterize the chemical composition of the genus Artemisia. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate phytochemical Characteristics of Artemisia persica Boiss collected from the farm and natural habitat of Ilam.MethodsThe aerial parts of plants were collected from farm and Kabirkooh Mountain. After extraction of Artemisinin, the analysis was performed with an HPLC system. Extraction of essential oil was done by distilled hydro. Phytocomponents identified in Artemisia persica Boiss essential oils by GC/MS system.ResultsThe essential oil yield was reported in Kabirkooh Mountain and farm 0.92% and 0.6%, respectively. The major oil compounds of Artemisia persica Boiss collected samples were included: α-Pinene, 1,8-Cineole, (Z)-Sabinene hydrate, (E)-Pinocarveol, Pinocarvone, Artedouglasia oxide C, Laciniata furanone E, Artedouglasia oxide D, Artedouglasia oxide B. The Artemisinin was 2.7 ppm in the Kabirkooh Mountain sample. However the Farm sample had 1.5 ppm.ConclusionsTo achieve the appropriate level of the target compounds, it is important to consider an appropriate place for sampling.Keywords: Artemisia persica Boiss, Essential oil, Artemisinin, Phytochemical