Journal of Client-Centered Nursing Care
Volume:3 Issue: 3, Summer 2017

Considering the satisfaction of the life of the healthcare workers, it is imperative that they are exposed to mental health problems. In this regard, improving spiritual intelligence and paying attention to the psychological well-being of employees can help in the satisfaction with the lives. Accordingly, the present study aimed to determine the mediating role of psychological well-being in the relationship between spiritual intelligence and life satisfaction of nurses working in Lamerd city.
In the present study descriptive-correlation method was applied. The statistical population of the study included 110 nurses working in the city of Lamerd. Due to the limited population nurses were included in the research using the census method of all members of the community. To collect data, three standard questionnaires of spiritual intelligence, Badie et al., Carole Reef’s Welfare Scale and Life satisfaction scale of Diner et al. were used. The reliability of the tool was calculated to be 0.87,0.83 and 0.81, using Cronbach’s alpha, respectively. The data analysis process was performed using statistical correlation, regression, and structural equation modeling in Lisrel and SPSS V. 19 software.
According to the results, there was a positive and significant relationship between the spiritual intelligence (r = 0.41, P The results demonstrated that there is a positive and significant relationship between spiritual intelligence and psychological well-being with life satisfaction of nurses and healthcare providers. In this regard, psychological well-being plays a mediating role between spiritual intelligence and life satisfaction.

Metabolic syndrome is a disorder associated with obesity. Compared with men, postmenopausal women are at higher risk of being affected by this chronic disease. This study aimed to determine the effect of self-care education program on anthropometric indicators in postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome.
A cluster randomized controlled trial was performed on 120 postmenopausal women aged 45-60 years with metabolic syndrome at the 8 healthcare centers of Tehran municipality. The study was carried out in the second half of 1395. In this study, healthcare centers were randomly allocated to experimental and control groups. Then, sampling was performed as targeted and accessible from each center. The intervention was done based on the educational needs of patients and according to the Orem framework. This intervention was presented as a 5-session self-care education program. The training program was implemented within 5 weeks during. Training groups consisted of 5-7 people. Anthropometric information was investigated before and after the end (8 weeks) of the training program in both groups. Data were analyzed using SPSS (version 22) and STATA (version 13) software, and Chi-Square test, T-Independent test, T-Paired test and SVY environment.
Our findings demonstrated that self-care training program decreased indicators (weight, body mass index, waist and hip circumference, middle arm circumference, and waist to height ratio), while no significant reduction was observed in the waist to hip ratio.
Present study established that self-care program based on the Orem framework has positive effects on anthropometric indicators in postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome. Therefore, this program is recommended as a nursing intervention in patients with metabolic syndrome.

Sleep deprivation has numerous negative consequences on the human body and mind. It exacerbates anxiety, irritability, and nervousness and worsens the cardiovascular function. This study aimed at evaluating the quality of sleep in patients admitted to the cardiac intensive care unit.
This was a descriptive study with 93 patients hospitalized in critical care units of three teaching hospitals in 2016. The samples were chosen using a convenient sampling method. The quality of sleep was assessed in two consecutive days using the demographic data form and the Richards–Campbell Sleep Questionnaire (RCSQ). Descriptive and inferential statistics was used for data analysis via the SPSS software version 20.
It was found that more than % 90 of the patients in the cardiac care units had a low level of quality of sleep. The patients had problems in the depth of sleep, ease in falling asleep, frequent waking from sleep, ease in returning to sleep, and subjective sleep quality. The mean scores of the quality of sleep before hospitalization and in the first night after hospitalization were 63.68 (SD = 17.96) and 54.2 (SD = 16.90), respectively. A statistically significant correlation was reported between the quality of sleep in the night before and the first night of hospitalization (P Due to the high prevalence of sleep disorders in patients admitted to cardiac intensive care units and the consequences of low sleep quality on their health, appropriate interventions for improving the quality of sleep in patients admitted to coronary care units are required.

Health-promotion is universally accepted as the effective method for modifying the behavior of individuals towards ideal health. Thus, the present cross-sectional predictive study determined the predictors of health-promoting behaviors among Kurdish Healthcare Providers in Iraqi Kurdistan.
Demographic data were collected from a sample of 460 healthcare providers instead of the standard questionnaire of health-promoting lifestyle profile-II. These data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and frequency) as well as inferential statistics including KST, t-test, Mann-Whiney test, ANOVA, and Wilcoxon sign-rank test using SPSS version 23.
Approximately 55% of the participants were male, and 67.4 % were married. In addition, > 72.5 % of the participants had a family comprising of at least four members. Although 42 % of the participants had The results illustrated that the participants do not undergo the complete health-promoting behaviors, especially, physical activity. However, these behaviors play a critical role in health maintenance as well as improving the quality of life. Hence, the provision of strategies, including those in accordance with predictors of health-promoting behaviors, is vital for improving the health status of the healthcare providers.

Although compliance with all self-care behaviors is necessary for successful management of diabetes, patients with diabetes often refuse favorable self-care. This article is aimed to test the effects of a theory-related intervention to conduce self-aid adherence and metabolic curb in patients having type-2 diabetes.
In this randomized controlled trial, 80 patients suffering from type-2 diabetes were arbitrarily allotted to intervention and control group. The intervention group attended six sessions in a batch and one-on-one consultation and received an education on self-efficacy and outcome expectations on improving the strategies. Self-efficacy, outcome expectations, self-care behaviors and HbA1c were measured and compared in two groups in the starting, after three and six-months of the interventions. “Intention to treat” analysis was used. Data were analyzed using t test and ANOVA for repeated measures.
Mean score of self-efficacy, outcome expectations and self-care behaviors revealed significant differences between two groups in the results of three and six months after the intervention (P It is concluded that implementing educational interventions based on the self-efficacy model and related strategies can be effective for patients with type-2 diabetes and is recommended to be used for patient education in the field of metabolic control.

Without the meaning in life and setting goals, the life will be full of pain and suffering. Hence, psychologists try to discover patient’s meaning in life and guiding it. A good questionnaire is very important to identify and measure meaning in life. Therefore, the present study focused on design and psychometric assessment of meaning in life questionnaire in patients with SCI.
A total of 258 patients with spinal cord injury in 2014-2016 were selected using the available sampling method. Waltz (2010) method was used for designing the questionnaire: 1) a copy of the questionnaire was designed based on the literature review, 2) face and content validity confirmation of the questionnaire by 10 experts, 3) exploratory factor analysis for construct validity was done, and 4) internal consistency of the questionnaire was confirmed by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. The SPSS version 16 software was used for analyzing the data.
Estimation of CVR and CVI revealed the content validity to be 0.81 and 0.9, respectively. Finally, the questionnaire was extracted with 38 items based on 4 factors: the first factor (positive perception) with 13 items, the second factor (sense of meaning) with 9 items, the third factor (purposefulness) with 7 items, and the fourth factor (spirituality) with 9 items.
Considering the existence of a valid and reliable questionnaire, it is recommended that studies be conducted on the meaning of life in various diseases and should be designed to support these patients.

Preoperational anxiety is a challenging issue in preoperative care of patients. However, lavender aromatherapy can be useful as a nursing intervention to reduce some symptoms of the anxiety. This study aimed to determine the effect of aromatherapy on the anxiety of patients undergoing surgical reconstruction of the upper limb.
In this non-randomized clinical trial, a total of 100 candidates of upper limb reconstruction operation were investigated in 15 Khordad Hospital, Tehran, Iran in 2017. They were selected by convenience sampling method and assigned into two groups of 50 patients; intervention and control. The lavender aromatherapy was administered for 20 minutes for the intervention group, and for the control or placebo group, distilled water was used instead of lavender. Spielberger questionnaire was completed by the participants before the intervention and 20 minutes after the intervention. The Chi-square test, paired t test and Independent t test were used for data analysis using SPSS V. 16.
The mean (SD) values of state and trait anxiety in the intervention group were 56.88 (4.91) and 52.92 (5.79) respectively before the intervention; however, those value were 40.86 (4.03) and 46.66 (4.49) after the intervention. The results of paired t test showed a significant difference in the level of state and trait anxiety before and after the intervention (P Considering the positive effects of lavender essential oil, it is possible to use it as a nursing intervention to reduce the level of anxiety of patients prior to reconstruction of upper limb.

The hepatitis B virus infection is a major cause of liver diseases in the world. It mostly affects psychological and social aspects as well as the mental health of patients. The aim of this study was to explain the process of social interactions in patients with Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection.
The present study was conducted using the grounded theory method from 2014 to 2016 in the Amol, Babol, and Tabriz health and counseling centers. The data was collected using in-depth semi-structured interviews and field notes in order to answer this question: “How does the process of social interaction occur in HBV carriers?” The participants included 18 HBV carriers, 2 spouses of the HBV carries and 2 physicians. Data analysis was conducted using Corbin and Strauss (2008).
According to the data analysis, “maintenance of normal social interactions” after diagnosis of the disease is a major concern of the carriers. In order to resolve this concern, they employed some strategies, including disease concealment, protecting themselves and others, and reconciliation with the disease.
Following the diagnosis of hepatitis B infection, maintaining normal social interactions is considered as one of the major anxieties of the carriers. Health care teams could help them with their social interactions using the findings.