فصلنامه پرستاری سالمندان
سال یکم شماره 1 (پاییز 1393)

Introduction and Fear of falling is one of the main health problems among elder people which affect their quality of life. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between fear of falling and quality of life in community-dwelling elders. The current research is Cross-Sectional descriptive study in which 200 community dwelling elders، aged 60 to 84 years، participated. Using convenience sampling، data collected through Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I) and SF-36 (short form) questionnaires in Retirement Center of Tabriz in 2011. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation by SPSS 11. 5 and p. value < 0. 01 was considered as the significance level. The mean age of the participants was 64. 86± 4. 011 years and 174 (87%) of them were men. The results of this study indicated that increasing fear of falling score lead to reduction in quality of life score. Furthermore، there was a significant and negative correlation between the two dimensions of FES-I and the eight subscales of SF-36. A similar pattern exist for the correlation between total score of FES-I and the two subscales of SF-36 (physical and mental health) as well as significant and negative correlation between total score of FES-I and its dimensions with total score of SF-36 (All P<0. 01). One of the most important consequences for fear of falling among elderly is reduction in quality of life. Therefore، it is recommended to provide elderly with interventional programs targeted at reduction of fear of falling which can be offered by health care professionals.

Introduction and Increasing elderly population and problems of elderly، especially mental health status require special attention. The purpose of this study was to assess and compare mental health status and life satisfaction in retired elderly of the JundiShapur University of medical sciences and Shahid Chamran University in Ahvaz. In this analytic descriptive study، life satisfaction and mental health status of a randomized sample including 210 retired elderly of the JundiShapur university of medical sciences and Shahid Chamran University in ahvaz was investigated using GHQ-28، LSI-Z questionnaires in 2013. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics، Pearson correlation coefficient as well as the Chi-squared test by SPSS Software edition 20. The results of this study showed that the mean of age was 66. 6 (SD=7. 2)، 87. 1% of the elderly were male، 87. 6% were married and 99% lived with their family. According to the results، 29% of elderly were suspicious for mental disorders with social dysfunction ranked as the highest disorder at 24. 8%. Only 15. 2% of elderly were highly satisfied with their life. The results of the correlation analysis showed that mental health was significantly correlated with life satisfaction، education، pension levels and exercise (P<0. 05). Due to the correlation between mental health status and demographic variables such as education، pension levels، exercise as well as life satisfaction، it is essential to develop and promote health policies targeted at mental-health care needs of elderly.

Introduction and Cataract is the most common cause of blindness in the world and it has been estimated that annually about one hundred thousand cases of cataract surgery is being performed in Iran. This study investigated the prevalence and morphology of age-related cataract and associated factors in patient referred to ophthalmology clinics of Amol and Babol cities. This cross-sectional study conducted among 288 patients referred to ophthalmology clinics of Amol and Babol cities whom were diagnosed with cataract. In this study، data were collected by researcher-made questionnaire in which the validity and reliability of the instrument had been established previously. Data analysis was conducted with SPSS 16 using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (chi-square test and logistic regression). The results of this study showed that the most common form of age-related Cataract was nuclear 192 (67%) followed by under capsular 50 (17%) and lastly cortical 50 (17%). There was a significant difference in the morphology of Cataract in terms of background factors such as age، sex، occupation، family history، level of education، diabetes، hypertension and smoking. The most common type of cataract was age dependent and different risk factors affected the incidence of this type of cataract. Therefore، periodic medical examination and lifestyle education can be effective steps toward prevention and slowing progression of the age-related cataract.

Introduction and Life satisfaction is the individual’s attitude towards life and is closely related to the welfare and prosperity. The aim of this study is to compare Life satisfaction of elderly between nursing home residents and seniors who living in their own homes in Isfahan. The population of this analytic – cross sectional study was elderly over 60 years old who live in fourteen area of Isfahan as well as seniors living in the Sadeghieh nursing home. Participants in this study were 300 elderly people in which 102 samples were from nursing home residents and 198 samples were from seniors living in their own homes. The elderly living in the community were selected through cluster sampling method and elderly from nursing home residents were selected via convenience sampling method. Data were collected using LSI-Z life satisfaction questionnaire and were analyzed by statistical parametric test such as chi-square and independent t-test. life satisfaction mean score of elderly group inhabited in their own homes reported at 45. 9 ± 19. 8 and was significantly higher than nursing home residents (p= 0. 007). Life satisfaction of elderly in nursing home is not satisfactory. Therefore، what should be considered by the relevant authorities is not only to prolong life but، it is also very important to provide comfort، good physical، social and psychological health for the remaining years of aging.

Introduction and Sleep is an important part of every body’s life which may be influenced by factors such as age. Medication is a useful method to overcome sleep disorders among elderly. However، non-drug approaches such as music therapy can easily self-improve quality of sleep in elderly with minimal side effects. Therefore، the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of music-therapy on quality of sleep among retired elderly men in Isfahan 2011. This study was a quasi-experimental research. The population of the current research was elderly from Isfahan city petroleum’s Retirement Association in which only 44 samples met the eligibility criteria to be included in the study. Data were collected by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Using randomized block design، samples were divided into two groups of intervention and controls. The intervention group consisted of 18 men aged 60 to 75 years old who received music therapy for 45 minutes per night in duration of three months. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 17 and Shapiro test، Mann- Whitney، paired t-test and independent t-test at a significance level of p<0. 05 were used. The mean score of quality of sleep at baseline was 10. 44 and 9. 33 for intervention and control groups، respectively. However after the follow-up، the mean score of quality of sleep was 9. 22 and 5. 94 for intervention and control groups، respectively. The results showed that there is a significant difference (p<0. 05) between the mean score of the quality of life between the two studied groups after intervention. This study showed that music therapy can improve quality of sleep among elder men. Therefore، we recommend implementation and promotion of music-therapy education for elderly by medical team and nursing staffs who are working at the geriatric field.

Introduction and Cataract is the most common cause of blindness in the world and it has been estimated that annually about one hundred thousand cases of cataract surgery is being performed in Iran. This study investigated the prevalence and morphology of age-related cataract and associated factors in patient referred to ophthalmology clinics of Amol and Babol cities. This cross-sectional study conducted among 288 patients referred to ophthalmology clinics of Amol and Babol cities whom were diagnosed with cataract. In this study، data were collected by researcher-made questionnaire in which the validity and reliability of the instrument had been established previously. Data analysis was conducted with SPSS 16 using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (chi-square test and logistic regression). The results of this study showed that the most common form of age-related Cataract was nuclear 192 (67%) followed by under capsular 50 (17%) and lastly cortical 50 (17%). There was a significant difference in the morphology of Cataract in terms of background factors such as age، sex، occupation، family history، level of education، diabetes، hypertension and smoking. The most common type of cataract was age dependent and different risk factors affected the incidence of this type of cataract. Therefore، periodic medical examination and lifestyle education can be effective steps toward prevention and slowing progression of the age-related cataract.

Introduction and Self-consistency is an important aspect of adaptation in all stages of life particularly in aging. Furthermore، self-consistency is associated with mental health and life satisfaction and its reduction can lead to several psychological problems. On the other hand، exercise is able to improve flexibility، cognitive function، psychological adjustment and performance. Therefore، the aim of this study was to determine the effect of a regular exercise program on self-consistency and life satisfaction. In this experimental study، 48 elderly from elderly day care centers were selected using convenience sampling and then randomly divided into control (n = 24) and case (n = 24) groups. The current study was conducted by Solomon design. The cases performed regular physical exercise for four weeks composes of 16 sessions and every single session takes for 15 to 25 minutes. However، the control group followed the routine program that was offered by the day care centers. Data was collected by two questionnaires including demographic characteristics and Rosenberg and Diener scale. Data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential (Two-way ANOVA) statistics. The results of this study showed that mean score of self-consistency as well as life satisfaction were higher in cases rather than controls. The results of Two-Way ANOVA after adjustment for the effect of pre-test in cases and controls showed that there is a significant difference in the mean score of self-consistency (p<0. 001) and life satisfaction (p<0. 05) among elderly with the regular exercise program. Regular exercise has significant effects on elderly’s self-consistency and life satisfaction. Therefore، regular exercise programs in elderly care centers can serve as a way to increase quality of life and promote health of elderly. It is recommend to integrate regular exercise programs into other elderly health care interventions.

Introduction and Postoperative delirium develops in 30% of hospitalized patients in surgery units as well as coronary care units. However، delirium affects 40 to 50% of patients during recovery of hip surgery. Delirium after hip surgery can lead to several consequences، poor prognosis، high rate of morbidity and mortality among elderly. The aim of this study was to compare incidence of postoperative delirium in elderly after general surgery and orthopedic surgery. The present study is a descriptive cross-sectional research. Population of this study was the entire hospitalized patient with general surgery and hip surgery in Shohada Hospital of Khoram Abad city who aged over 65 years old. After considering inclusion criteria، 100 female elderly with hip surgery and 100 patients with orthopedic surgery were collected using convenience sampling in a period of seven months. Data were collected by demographic questionnaire، type of operation، medical history and MMSE test. Cognitive psychology was assessed by MMSE at baseline (before surgery) and 2 to 5 day after surgery twice daily. Then، mean score of cognitive psychology was compared between the baseline and follow-up. Data analysis was conducted by Independent t-test، variance analysis and wilcoxon signed-ranked test. The findings of this study showed that mean scores of cognitive psychology in orthopedic surgery was 21. 78 and in general surgery was 23. 94. Furthermore، the difference between the two mentioned mean scores was significant (p<0. 001). According to the findings of this study، it seems that postoperative delirium in orthopedic surgery is higher than general surgery. Attention should be paid to old patients undergoing prolonged major operations.