فصلنامه پرستاری سالمندان
سال یکم شماره 4 (تابستان 1394)

Introduction and Physical activity is an important component of health in old age. There is difference according to the type of activity، in energy expenditure. The current study aimed to evaluation energy expenditure metabolic equivalent based on the physical activity pattern of weekly in the elderly Kashan، Iran. This is descriptive cross-sectional study in 2014. The study populations were 400 elderly above 60 years covered in health care center situation Kashan Iran. The energy expenditure physical activity elderly survey recorded in the questionnaire. Data analyzed by SPSS version 16. Descriptive statistics، Kolmogorov-Smirnov test، Kruskal-Wallis test and regression ordinal test used in data analysis. The significance level for all the tests were considered p<0.. 05 The results showed that moderate physical activity energy expenditure in elderly Kashan was 364. 84 ±326. 21per week based on metabolic equivalent (IQR=22/2). The most seniors (79. 2%) were in low energy expenditure activity. The majority population study (87. 2%) had low levels of physical activity. Results showed a significant difference between the average energy expenditure with physical activity level (p=0. 001) and energy expenditure levels (p=0. 001). The most effective predictor of energy expenditure activity in elderly Kashan based on regression ordinal results was related activities walks (p=0. 001)، personal affairs (p=0. 001)، housekeeping Affairs (p=0. 001)، activities related to leisure time (p=0. 001) and sedentary activities (p=0. 001). The results showed Elderly surveyed in terms of energy consumption levels were low energy expenditure and physical activity levels are low. Exercise room design in all healthcare sites and Education of staff involved in physical activities for the elderly to achieve the desired level of activity in the elderly mentioned steps.

Introduction and Research on the issues of the elderly is of great concern in the world today especially in Iran with its growing number of old people. The objectives of the research are to find out whether there is any relationship between social support and sense of humor on the one hand and life expectancy on the other hand among Yazd old people. This descriptive-correlational study was carried out on 100 available elders (male and female) in Yazd. Philips social support questionnaires, Thorson & Powel multidimensional sense of humor scale and Snyder’s life expectancy question are were used to assess the relationship between variables. Descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, Regression and T-test were used to analyze the data. The results indicate a significance relationship between social support and life expectancy. They also show a significance relationship between sense of humor and life expectancy. Regression analysis showed that two variable of social support and sense of humor can be predicted for life expectancy of elderly. Also, the results showed that men and women participating in the study in terms of humor and life expectancy is significantly different, that is, for the sense of humor, men more than women, and the life expectancy of women is higher than men. But, in terms of social support, there was no significant difference between the sexes. This study shows that the sense of human and social support can increase life expectancy among old people and accordingly improve their lives. Since the elderly population in Iran is important, it is suggested that more researches should be done to study the issue affecting the Iranian old people. Moreover, the government and people should try to support this part of the society.

Introduction and Balance is an index to determine the level of independency of elderly in their daily activities.The present study, aimed at determining the validity and reliability of "dynamic gaiting index (DGI)" in elderly women. This Methodology research was conducted on 80 elderlyin Dehdashtsubjects in the age range of 60 and over. The subjects selected.. The data were analyzed using Exploratory Factor Analysis, main component analysis with Varimax rotation tests, Spearman’s correlation coefficient, Cronbach’s Alpha, and U-Man-Withney.The results indicated that the Persian version of DGI among older adults is consisted of one factor. The specific value of the factor was 6.901 which predicted 86.262 percent of variance.Cronbach’s Alpha was calculated 0.890. Inter-rater reliability shows that the correlation between grades twice collected by the two raters, was significant and high (p˂0/0001, r=0/714). The test-retest correlation, was significant and high(p˂0/0001, r=0/876). The results showed that the Persian version of dynamic gait index in the elderly is also acceptable level consistent with the English version and can be used in clinical, therapeutic and research use to identify seniors at risk of falling.

Introduction and Quality of life assessment helps to consider the fundamentally problems of patients and treatment methods are reviewed. This survey quality of life of hemodialysis patients hospitalized in HazratVali-Asr and Dr Beheshti hospitals Zanjan city is studied. This survey was Cross-sectional performedon 74 patients in Zanjan city hemodialysis two center. Sampling survey was carried out over three months. Data tool weres tandardized quality of life questionnaire for patients with renal failure (KDQOL), the two section, questions related to quality of life short form(sf36), and questions related to factors associated with renal disease has been established. The results showed that 8.1 percent poor quality of life, 70.2 percent relatively good quality of life, and 20.2 percent had a good life. Mean quality of life samples was 44.4. The highest quality of life mean score of the study sample nine dimensions related to pain score 57.6% and the lowest mean score of quality of life related to physical health problems with score was18.5. The results of this study Can provide valuable information on the authorities and medical professionals. In order to enhance the quality of life of these patients by strengthening and supporting scale that is difficult to do proper planning.

Introduction and The mourning experience is a common phenomenon among the elderly. Losing friends and peers along withsenility and proximity to the last years of life causes intensification of mental distress and anxiety of the elderly toward the death phenomenon. The present research was carried out aimed at analyzing the effectiveness of group cognitive-behavioral therapy on death anxiety among the Breavement elderly man.The current study is a semi-experimental research using posttest-pretest plan with control group. The statistical population of the research included the Breavement elderly living in the one of the nursing homes of Ardebil City in 2014. 30 mournful old adults were selected using the available sampling technique.Templer Death anxiety questionnaire (DAS) was applied as pretest-posttest in the research and cognitive-behavioral intervention was implimented on the examinee groups in 8 sessions of 90 minutes. The data were analyzed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) statistical method. The analysis results indicate that groupcognitive-behavioral therapy has been effective on the death anxiety of the elderly and there was a significant difference between the two groups(p<0.001). According to the results of this research, group cognitive-behavioral therapy leads to reduction of death anxiety of the elderly via helping them to accept death.

Introduction and self-Assessed health is a way to assess the quality of that information in the area of biological, mental, and spiritual health function specifies.The aim of this study is to assess the health of the elderly in the city of Yasuj. The population of elderly people over 65 years, residents of this research has formed Yasuj. 360 elders were selected as samples in Yasuj in order to collected data, and random clustering sampling method was used. In this study, the survey method is used. Analysis of the data by computer software SPSS descriptive statistics, independent t- test and Regression was performed. The average of four health dimension for elders who were researched was 13/65 ± 72/35 from which 64/2 percent of their perceived health situation was investigated to be in the average level. The average of marks for physical health, anxiety, social efficiency and depression were 14/72 ± 4/86, 18/94 ±5/61, 20/02 ±5/0, 18/66 ±3/96 respectively. Demographic variables such as age, education, socio-economic class, disease was significantly associated with health self-assessment. There was no any significant relation between gender and health self -assessment. also the cultural and social values such as health behaviors, social support, self-esteem and self- assessed health was a significant relationship. Determination coefficient statistic R2 also shows that 27 percent of changes of related values it means (self- assessment) by 4 independent values that remains in the equation and includes self - esteem, the patient history, health behavior, education are explained. This study indicates that the elder's health situation in Yasuj was in the average level, and The status of health in Yasuj is affected by cultural- social factors.

Introduction and aging population brings issues related to this period of lifetime. Several psychological disorders in the elderly and mental health affect them, But spiritual intelligence as the foundation of individual beliefs which performing fundamental role in various fields of human life, especially to provide and promote mental health and the quality of life. The purpose of this research was to Determine the Impresment Spiritual Intelligence on the Quality of life and Psychological well Being Among the Elderly Living Nursing home in Bandar Abbas. the population of this research included Elderly Living Nursing at Bandar Abbas city (N:124), in a mid_experimental design, the 50 visible participants was select from Elder at Hospice Loghman Hakim of Bandar Abbas city and divided into two groups of intervention and evidence randomaly. Psychological assessment was perform via questionnaires about the quality of life (SF-12) and psychological well_being (RPWB),their indicators were collected in three sessions before the intervention, after the last intervention session (15 sessions in two months) and follow up them in two months later. Then, a repeated measurement design were analysis by using MNOVA (variance analysis test) and Post hoc test LSD descriptive statics. the results showed that the quality of life and psychological well_being were significantly improved after the intervention of spiritual intelligence by the tests and follow up them(P<0.0001), also, both two groups showed significantly differences in situational variables of the quality of life and psychological well_being(P<0.0001). based on our findings, we can conclude that spiritual intelligence was vulnerary impacted on the quality of life and psychological well_being into Elderly.

Introduction and elderly has been addressed as the last period of human life by the scholars of humanities and biology. The main purpose of this study was investigating the factors related to the elders’ social health in Azarshahr city. The current study is cross-sectional and descriptive which was conducted by the participation of 312 elders; 65 years and above from Azarshahr city using stratified random sampling method. The research tool was Keyes's Social well-being Questionnaire consisted of 23 questions (4-points Likert type) ranging from “Always” to “Never”. Also, the degree of elders’ social support was assessed using Sarason’s Social Support Questionnaire. One-dimensional tables and independent t test and ANOVA were used to describe and analysis of the data by SPSS software. 56.5 percent of respondents had social health at an acceptable and 43.5 percent had a low level of social health. There is significant relationship between age (p=0.022), social support (p=0.002), and socio-economic status (p<0.001) with social health in elderly. But the relationship between gender (p=0.28), and marital status (p=0.67) with the elders’ social health was not significant. Males and females have similar degree of social health. It is almost similar for married and single elders. Increase in age showed decrease in health and increase in social support showed increase in health. So, elders with high social support are healthier than the others. Finally, the relationship between socio-economic status and social health is direct; indicating that the elders with high level of economic and social status have higher health than the others.