نشریه پژوهش های زبان شناختی قرآن
سال دوم شماره 1 (بهار و تابستان 1392)

Revelation is one of the Quranic important issues and most of subjects of Quranic and theological sciences are related to our definition of revelation''s essence. Although thinkers have presented numerous definitions for revelation''s essence، but their definitions firstly aren''t comprehensive and obstacle، secondly they haven''t eliminated ambiguity of revelation''s essence in Quran، thirdly sometimes they are opposite with each other، fourthly Quran has been used this word about 79 times in case of revelation of prophets، inspiration and assistance of ordinary humans، animal''s guidance and destiny of inanimate and the revelation''s essence isn''t completely clear about each one of them and thinkers haven''t studied all of these cases. Therefore it hasn''t been performed any research in this scientific gap and recent research wants to do such affair and intends to present revelation''s essence and its comprehensive and obstacle definition on the strength of a scientific method and this is the important finding of research.

Words of wisdom and examples among any nations and languages are the signs of their cultural richness. They are wise sentences، simple but rich in content، that people use in their daily conversations. We can state that examples are the concise collections of people''s thoughts and experiences that have great effects on human beings. In the same line as Quran has been sent to guide man both in relation to mental، hidden and rationed issues، Quran has gained great benefit from examples. This is because man can solve his problems through using the available examples. Moreover they can create recreation and entertainment in people''s lives. In this article، first the short definition of examples has been given then its importance has been emphasized and after that the effort have been made to distinguish and classify between Meccan examples and Medina''s ones that can be considered as one of the major classification among issues being classified in Quran. Of course the points that mostly refer to topics and rhetoric have been studied than through tables they have been contrasted. Among the findings one can refer to the greatness of the numbers of example in Mecca rather than in medina. The second important finding is the more excessive numbers of similes than metaphors. The third important finding is the rhetoric that are certainly the certainly the primary interest in this article.

Qoran involves a melodious and rhythmical prose and full of the most effective instances and the firmest comparisons. The best language which can explain intellectual culture and spiritual concepts to justify people is allegory. In terms of expressing hidden things and detecting facts، allegory represents imaginations in a supposed and fact form as certainty. Allegory has such an effect in the hearts that the description of the object doesn’t have that effect. Therefore، one of the explanatory methods for Qoran is allegory. Moral and ideological consequences included beyond Qoran allegories can direct human being towards a blissful life. The most Qoran allegories are in the reasonable to sensible form، since this kind of metaphor can depict realities far from mind for human and reflect it، creating reasonable inter-meaning similarity with a sensible thing and thereby facilitate the way of understanding many religious and intellectual concepts which human being are unable to understand these facts and hence have the most effect in human character. This article is to study ten known allegories using descriptive-analytic method and with the purpose of studying a part of Qoran explanatory miracles.

Brevity or succinctness is an important rhetorical technique which is used in conveying the meaning، intended by the speaker. This style in speech adds to the comprehensiveness and inclusiveness of discourse. One of these techniques is deletion in which some part of the surface structure of a Quranic verse is deleted. This could be a morpheme، word or phrases deletion that each follow a certain rhetoric purpose. Deletion plays a great role in creating meaning based delicacies and speech decorations. In this study a comprehensive definition of deletion and its different types is provided. Moreover the aesthetic functions and applications of deletion on some Quranic verses are also investigated.

The present paper analyzes the polysemy of the word «yæ d» (hand) in two religious texts and its relationship with cognitive metaphor and metonymy. For this، the required linguistic metaphors were extracted from Qur''an and Sahife Sajjadiyeh. The objective was to know how the polysemy of the word «yæ d» and the relevant semantic relationships between these meanings can be explained according to the Theory of Conceptual Metaphor and metonymy. Moreover، how conceptual analysis of polysemy of words can help the readers in better understanding of the concepts in religious texts. The theory of Lakoff and Johnson was used for the analysis of data. The research findings exhibited that the meanings of the word «hand» have literal، metaphorical (both structural and orientational)، and metonymic relationships in the religious language. Moreover، because of metaphorical and metonymic uses، the main meaning has undergone semantic extensions leading to polysemy. Although there are different analyses on the polysemy and the way this process occurs، it seems that a cognitive approach dealing with the meaning relationships of a polysemous word functions more coherently than other approaches. The readers’ awareness of such meaning relations can develop their understanding of the texts.

Holy Quran has a multilayered text and is full of linguistic-semantic complexities. One of the layers of this book is at word level. The study of the history of Quranic sciences indicates the extensive human efforts to find the meaning of words and their relations to each other. One of the nascent sciences that scientists of Quranicstudies have benefited fromis semantics. Semantics is a knowledge that works on discovering the mechanisms of the component parts of a text in order to find out its semantic layers and in this regard، takes note of all factors contributing to the sense of the text. This article، with a semantic approach to verses of Quran، has tried to study some instances of words from this holy book، on the basis of semantic frameworksand has attempted to present a semantic model for Quranic studies; since by this method، all the various elements and dimensions that form the meaning of text are considered and the semanticist is able to provide a new layer of meaning of words in the holy book. The recommended method of this article، is the study of Quran، with both micro and macro viewpoints that in micro viewpoint، genealogy of word، syntagmatic and paradigmatic relations and context of that is noted، and in macro viewpoint، semantic field، semantic network and semantic systems of the word meaning is studied. The combination of these factors، introduce semantic elements of the word and are indicative of its definition from the viewpoint of semantics.