مجله انفورماتیک سلامت و زیست پزشکی
سال دوم شماره 3 (پیاپی 5، پاییز 1394)

Primary liver cancer (­HCC), is the fifth most common type of cancer and the third leading cause of death in the world. Symptoms of liver cancer will progress rapidly after the onset of the disease, and unfortunately, the patient's survival rate is very low. One of the main problems for gastroenterologists is the prediction and early detection of liver cancer. Data mining techniques can be used to understand and predict cancer. The aim of this study was to identify the best model based on intelligent data mining to predict and diagnose liver cancer in an early stage. In the present article, a retrospective study was conducted on 516 cases of primary and secondary liver cancer, and 22 risk factors were examined. Data were collected from the patient's files and analyzed using 5 data mining models including VFI Classifier, Regression Classifier, Hyper Pipes Classifier, Functional trees with logistic regression, and Meta Multi Class Classifier with the highest precision (Precision). These models were compared. The precision, sensitivity, specificity, and the area under the curve of VFI Classifier model were respectively 71.29%, 49%, 50%, and 63.31%, and VFI Classifier model is the best model based on intelligent data mining to predict and diagnose liver cancer in an early stage. If properly designed, data mining model VFI Classifier can predict liver cancer or detect it in an early stage.

Radio frequency identification technology (RFID) is one of the information technology achievements that can simultaneously cover the information management, authentication, and tracking. This study is intended to determine the needs and priority assessment of Kerman's teaching hospitals to implement RFID technology. This study was a cross-sectional and quantitative one carried out in six wards of teaching hospitals in Kerman city in 2015. The data collection tool was a questionnaire that was separately designed for each ward. SPSS software version 20 was used for data analysis. The results showed that the emergency department, based on its functional status, had the most urgent need to implement RFID technology. Also, from the perspective of the study subjects, the priority of RFID implementation respectively in emergency departments and medical equipment was more than other wards. Since the studied wards of Kerman teaching hospitals have a lot of problems, and prevalence of any of these problems can lead to ineffectiveness of activity in hospitals, increase in costs, and ultimately endangering the lives of patients, implementation RFID system is essential to solve these problems. Considering the importance of time in the emergency department and also given the studied personnel point of view, emergency department had the greatest need to RFID Implementation technology.

According to the World Health Organization, TB is the largest cause of death among infectious diseases. Due to the high percentage of tuberculosis infection and the high number of death among these patients, this study was carried out to categorized and find the relationship between different clinical and demographical characteristics. This descriptive analytical study was done on 600 patients from Masih Daneshvari hospital tuberculosis research center. K-means clustering, Apriori association rules, and data mining algorithms (SPSS Clementine software) were used for clustering and determining the common characteristics among patients. Based on DUNN index, 3 clusters were chosen as optimal cluster. The common factors between clusters have been described in details in findings section. According to the characteristics of each cluster, patients can be classified based on the effectiveness of various factors According to the results of this study, the most important identified factors by the use of clustering are Hemoglobin, age, sex, smoking, alcohol and Creatinine. Based on the association rules the highest rate of relationship is found between cough, weight loss, and ESR.

Information technology (IT) utilization is one of the important factors of improving organizational performance. This study aimed to determine the access and satisfaction level of managers and experts of Abadan Medical School incapacity utilization of computer and the internet. This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2014. Community of this research was all managers and experts of Abadan Medical School that was chosen by census. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire containing demographics (8 questions) and dependent variables (15 questions) the validity and reliability of which was confirmed. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 18 (P<0.05). From the 139 managers and experts who were studied, 102 persons (75%) had computers in their offices and 77 persons (75/5%). had access to internet that satisfaction level of internet speed and quality of enjoyment was 2/6±1/1, 2/7±1/0. 57 persons (41%) were connected to the automation network that satisfaction level of automation speed, quality of enjoyment, lack of complexity, confidentiality of information security, and the capability of computer was 3/2±1/0, 3/2±0/8, 3/1±0/9, 3/3±1/1, and 2/7±0/8. There was a significant relationship between education level and satisfaction level of internet speed, quality of enjoyment, and automation speed (P>0.05). The results of this study showed that access and satisfaction level were intermediate. It is suggested that designing and implementing intervention programs are necessary for capacity utilization of the computer and the internet by the IT department.

Mortality statistics are derived from the information recorded on death certificates. This information is used for many important purposes, such as development of public health programs and allocation of health care resources. Therefore, the accuracy of death certificate data is very important. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of documentation of death certificates in hospitals in Sabzevar, Iran. In this retrospective and applied study, all death certificates of patients admitted and expired in hospitals (30 death) of Sabzevar, Iran during the second six months in 2010 were evaluated. Data was collected by a checklist Which validity was approved by experts. Obtained data analyzed using SPSS software and descriptive statistics. The result shows that out of all death certificates reviewed, Only 11,6 percent of certificates were found written without error. Most frequent errors pertained to writing patient's social security number (78.5%) and national ID card (26.2%). Around 60% of death certificates were not issued by treating doctor of deceased and 38% of them were issued by a general practitioner (GP). Listing 'mechanism of death' at the place of 'underlying cause of death' was found in 20, 5 %of certificates. There was no causal relationship between the recorded causes in 27% of certificates. 68% of certificates disclosed 'use of abbreviation's in cause of death. In this study indicates improper sequence of causes and use of abbreviations in the recorded causes of death, due to the lack of understanding about the importance of the death certificate and unfamiliarity of physicians with rules and guidelines of determining mortality causes. Some annual courses in death certification and discussion of the death certificate for each deceased patient in physician, can increase accuracy of the documents.

Electronic Medical Records, which is a valuable system to access the patients information at the hospital, is one of the innovative technologies for the utilization of health information. For its successful implementation, this system should be assessed regarding the factors affecting its adoption and use. The purpose of this study was to review the published articles on the factors influencing the adoption of electronic medical records systematically and according to Information Technology Adoption Theories and to identify and classify the factors affecting the adoption of this system. The present study is a systematic review survey. Data were collected by searching strategy in valid databases such as Google Scholar, Emerald, Science Direct, SID, MagIran, IranMedex, Pubmed from 2004 to 2014, and then the data were recorded on checklist. Among the studies that use information technology theories to survey the factors affecting adoption of electronic medical record, TAM model was used more than other models. Factors such as perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and social influence of TUATU are the most effective on adoption of electronic medical records. The results of the study showed, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and social influence are effective factors in adopting EMR. Consequently these factors are recommended to be considered in planning to run systems.

The increasing influence of ICT on health and changing information systems to electrical form makes using the information, data transmission, and also preparation printouts of information so easy that the importance of internal and external disclosure policy, data security, and confidentiality standards in these systems have been doubled. At the beginning of research, all the combinations of key words were searched, then the history and importance of the health data security standards were studied. So the most prevalent and reliable standards were selected to perform the full text. For the next step the researchers extracted the properties which were used to be compared with the selected standards and finally the comparison was discussed. PCI-DSS, HIPAA, and ISO-27799:2008 properties were classified in 8 groups and 25 subgroups. ISO-27799:2008 was attended to all properties in Encryption group, but HIPAA was just attended to Encryption in storage, and asymmetric key, and PCI-DSS was considered on Encryption in storage, using Hash algorithm and use of asymmetric key. Operation system security was considered only in HIPAA. Only PCI-DSS standard considered RFID and DNS security and cell phone security, and PCI-DSS as well as ISO-27799:2008 considered wireless networks security. One can use the standard that is stronger in context. So, it is recommended to use PCI-DSS for cell phone or PDA systems, and ISO-27799:2008 or PCI-DSS for wireless networks. It is better for security in operation systems to use HIPAA. Combined standard with all these three standards aspects can be used as the safest approach.

Health literacy has been defined as the cognitive and social skills which determine the individual's motivation and ability to gain access to, understand, and use information in ways which promote and maintain good health. To address health literacy in today’s technology-rich health care environments, there is a strong need for validated computer-based tools to assess health literacy. Therefore, this study aimed to present an overview of specifications of current health literacy screening instruments to adapt for computer-based usages. In this narrative review study, relevant English publications were examined. The selected resources resultedfrom Boolean search in the related databases using key words concerning the Health Literacy Instruments. The results of the overview of the health literacy measurement tools showed that these instruments include the two gold standards TOFHLA (pilot testing of a computer-based version) and the Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine (REALM) as well as, Newest Vital Sign (NVS) and eHealth Literacy Scale (eHEALS). Additionally, the tool for Health Literacy Screening Question Methodologies (HLSQM) was applied to measure the health literacy. Current health literacy screening tools demonstrate different beneficial properties depending on the context of use. Therefore, it's recommended that a health literacy instrument be developedfrom the combination of validated and reliable HLSQM and eHEALS questions for the purpose of developing a computer-based instrument to screen individuals accessing eHealth applications.