Journal of Health Policy and Sustainable Health
Volume:1 Issue: 2, Spring 2014

Hand washing and disinfection procedures before surgery is associated with reduced of the bacterial flora. But the decline is unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of disinfectant solutions used in the operating room on the bacte rial flora of the population. In a cross-sectional study in two stages, and each time the effect of disinfectant solutions on the physicians and staff hands washing were randomly performed. Experimental design was with four phases, in the first and second stage, before hands washing and fingers tip touch and transfer washing solutions onto the culture media were as sampling method. Step 3 and 4 was repeated as before. Inoculated media were incubated for 24 hours. The results have grouped and analyzed using descriptive statistics were carried out. The findings of this study consisted of aerobic bacteria. The anaerobic bacteria do not include. The results indicate that iso-lated bacterial populations were highly diverse and more than 25 species of aerobic bacteria were detected. The results indicate that the hand flora in wet condition was more than 10 times. The most common organisms isolated were Staphylococcal SPP. An amaz-ing finding was that the isolate Escherichia coli and Acinetobacter SPP. 4 out of the 25 bacterial isolate had hemolytic and coagulase production. Based on our results, none of the disinfectants solutions used did not able completely remove the natural hands bacterial flora. Hand washing for removal of hands bacterial flora is not sufficient for 3 minutes. Drying hands could be decline bacte-rial flora associated with the 90% to 95% in all cases, but did not 100%. Therefore, it seems that other procedure may be necessary for complete control of the hands bacterial flora population.

One of the measures of organizational success and the rate of achieving organizational goals and objectives is the assessment of the organizations'' performance indicators. This study aimed to investigate the performance indicators of a large insur ance organization from the viewpoints of the service providers. This was a cross sectional and descriptive-analytical study conducted in 2012. A sample size of 70 administrators or the contracts managers of medical centers under contract with the studied insurance organization were determined using a multi-stage sampling method. The required data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS 21. 0 and some statistical tests including ANOVA, Independent-Samples T-Test, Kruskal-Wallis, and Friedman tests. P 0. 05 was considered statistically significant. The results showed that «The necessity of breaking the insurer''s financial relation with the service provider» (with the mean of 4. 50) and «The levels of satisfaction from the time of insurance organization reimbursement» (with the mean of 2. 06) were the highest and lowest priorities, respectively. Determining the actual and realistic cost of services, increasing the interaction and collaboration with service providers on decreasing insurance deductions, developing insurance policies commensurate with treatment methods, and reviewing the insur-ance contracts are the most important factors insurance organizations should consider in formulating their strategies.

Hospitals as important sector of health care system has special location in Health economic science. In order to achieve Hospital goals, trying to evaluate and improve hospital performance by policy makers and decision makers is essential. This Study was conducted to determine Effects of Production Factors in hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences (2008 -2011) In this cross-sectional study that was conducted in 2012, Research community was hospitals that affiliated to TUMS. Need date (human and capital resource information and production-performance indexes) was collected from data center of research deputy of university and hospitals and registered at information sheets and then was analyzed by stochastic frontier ana-lyze method through Cob-Duglas production function with SFA4,1 software. findings showed that all of production factors had positive production elasticity and positive marginal production too and were located in rational economic area except Nurses. Capital factor or hospital bed had highest positive production elasticity and positive marginal production and physician had highest average production. Production function coefficient wase indicated more than1 and showed that Studied industry had Increasing returns to scale. Based on this research, with highly efficient allocation of resources in most hospitals can be achieved very significant economic savings. Labor and Capital resources have more costs for hospital Industry, there fore policy and decision makers must determine need for resource by using economic analysis and correct planning methods and then employ them, appoint optimal ca-pacity for centers to service delivery, enhance positive efficiency indexes and distinguish the ways that is more effective in boosting of resource performance

Nursing care is one of the most highly available services in the hospitals and forms an important aspect of patient satisfaction. Salaries and wages are important motivators for nurses at work. Thus, this study is aimed at examining the relationship between financial payments of the nurses and patient satisfaction in selected hospitals in Isfahan in 2010. This is a descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study in which all nurses and patients in selected wards in selected hospitals were included. In this study, 200 patients were selected based on sampling methods and the salaries of all nurses were used to calculate the mean. Data were collected by a checklist and a researcher-made questionnaire. The validity of the questionnaire was verified by management professionals. Descriptive and inferential statistics (one-way ANOVA, t-test and Pearson correlation) were used. The SPSS software was used (Ver.16) to analyze the results. The rate of satisfaction in private and charity hospitals is more than that in public hospitals and it is more in CCU and ob-stetrics unit. The nurses'' salaries were negatively correlated with the patient satisfaction. The correlation was not meaningfully signif-icant in any of the hospitals but it was meaningfully significant in all units except CCU. The mean of patient satisfaction was lowest in public hospitals while it was highest in charity hospitals. The mean of salaries in charity hospitals was half of that in public hospitals. There were several factors that could have an impact on nurses'' satis faction which could indirectly affect their pay.

Stress in the modern world is an epidemic problem. It affects all age groups and has negative impacts on the perfor-mance of the workers. The aim of this study was evaluation of the occupational stress and influential factors in the Bank tellers of one of the Iranian Southwest cities. This descriptive- analytical cross-sectional study was performed on 81 bank employees in one of the Iranian Southwest cities. Stress levels of Bank employees were assessed using the Osipow occupational stress standard questionnaire. The Osipow job stress questionnaire has 60 questions in a 5-item Likert scale (never=1, sometimes=2, usually=3, often=4, most of the time=5). This questionnaire used the 6 dimensions of role workload, role insufficiency, role ambiguity, role boundary, responsibility, and physical environment to evaluate stress. SPSS.16 software was used for data analysis. The mean age and work experience of the employees was 35.37± 7.65, 11.21± 7.76 years, respectively. Also, the average working hours of the employees were 8.84 ± 1.81 h per day. According to overall stress scores, 16.7% of the employees were stress free, 81.8% had moderate stress and 1.5% had normal stress. Significant relationships were observed between daily working hours and workload and the physical environment of bank, between the type of employment and workload role, between the number of children and role limits, between the overall stress and age groups, and between the overall stress and education. Discussion and Based on our findings, the current stress status of the employees was acceptable but considering the studied dimensions (especially the physical environment), it will not remain desirable in the future. Physical factors in the workplace, such as light, noise, ventilation and chemical agents must be assessed and should be improved in accordance with a regular program.

This study aimed to compare costs of Day-care versus in-patient surgery for five most common general surgical proce-dures in a general hospital in Iran. In this retrospective study the records of all patients who underwent five most common general surgical operations (in-cluding Hernia, Hemorrhoid, Fistula, Pilonidal Sinus and Varicocele) between March 2011 and March 2013 were reviewed. The data about costs of these procedures was collected by a checklist, designed by the authors, one year before and one year after establishing the Day-Care ward in the hospital. The checklist was designed on the basis of 14 financial items related to surgical patients. All costs were measured from the provider’s perspective. The results of this study showed that after implementing day-care surgery ward, inpatient care costs, such as medi-cine/drugs, physician visits, medical consumable, personnel and hotel, reduced significantly per each procedure. However, the costs directly associated with each surgery, such as drugs and consumable, surgeon’s wage and anesthesia costs, between these two periods was not significantly different. The highest amount of savings was related to the personnel costs, with 997,000 IRR reductions. On average, total cost of each procedure was reduced by 2,031,358 IRR after implementation of day-care ward. The findings from this study demonstrate that day-care surgery is a cost saving method compared to in-patient surgery for five most common general surgical procedures. It is recommended that hospital managers consider establishing day-care ward and conducting surgical procedures, in particular elective general surgical procedures, in this regimen, to decrease hospital costs and to make hospital beds free, for other patients who are more in need of specialized medical and nursing skills.

The analytical study aimed at investigating the influence of budget allocation to research projects on the time length, study type, and scientific outcomes of research projects conducted in a selected university in Tehran, Iran. Having analyzed 105 research projects, it was found that research budget was correlated significantly with the time and delay length of the projects. The correlation between the project budget and the time length of studies was stronger (P-value <0.05). Based on the hypotheses of the study, research budget does not influence the output of the projects and their final outcomes. However, it affects on the time and delay length of the projects. This paper highlighted more attention to management of financial resources.