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Health Policy and Sustainable Health - Volume:2 Issue: 2, Spring 2015

Journal of Health Policy and Sustainable Health
Volume:2 Issue: 2, Spring 2015

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1394/08/11
  • تعداد عناوین: 6
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  • Kofi Aduo, Adjei, Richmond Owusu Page 1
    Introduction
    Social health insurance is a collective pooled risk-sharing mechanism for providin all citizenry with eaqual acess to health care in Ghana.The purpose of the study is to examine the effect of insurance on demand of healthcare in the context of the National Health Insurance Scheme in Ghana.
    Methods
    This study used three methodological approaches; initially an internet search of 108 articles with defined criteria for selection, systematic reviews and content analysis of the selected publication was also used to discuss this study on its objective.
    Results
    Empirical evidence for the findings indicated that outpatients and inpatients service utilization has consistently increased since the introduction of the National Health Insurance Scheme in Ghana.
    Conclusion
    The findings of the study provide an important insight for policy makers to mark-up strategies to meet the ever-increasing demand for healthcare and also ensure sustainability of the scheme to achieve universal health coverage.
    Keywords: Health Insurance, Utilization, Demand, Healthcare, Inpatient, Outpatient, Ghana, NHIS
  • Hosein Rostami, Ali Mehrabi Tavana, Hamid Reza Tavakoli, Mohsen Tutunchian Page 2
    Introduction
    Brucellosis is an infectious zoonotic disease in humans and domestic animals, which has still remained as public health threat around the world. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of Brucellosis in Iranian military forces during 2001-2009.
    Methods
    In this cross sectional observational study, we collected and extracted data from various units of the armed forces in different province of Iran during 2001-2009. The data were arranged based on province and season. Results were analyzed by SPSS version 16.0, and descriptive statistical analysis.
    Results
    1698 patients from 30 provinces of the Iran were studied. The mean of Prevalence was 29.83 in 100,000 which 55% of them were male. The most cases were significantly reported in spring season rather other seasons (p<0.01). Khorasan Razavi province had the highest prevalence in these years (81%). It also the most prevalence of Brucellosis was related to 2005 (32.94%).
    Conclusion
    This study indicated that, Brucellosis is still considered a dangerous infectious disease with a high percentage of the prevalence in the Iranian military forces. It is necessary to step toward eradicating and controlling of this disease by increasing intersectional cooperation among Ministry of Health and Medical Education, the Health Departments of Iranian military forces and Veterinary Organization and by raising public knowledge and attitude about this disease by conducting various educational plans.
    Keywords: Prevalence, Brucellosis, Iranian Military Forces
  • Jamileh, Bigom Taheri, Soudeh Jafari, Amir Farzanegan, Amin Norouzi Page 3
    Introduction
    Hepatitis C is a common viral disease of the liver, with an estimated 4.5 million infected individuals in the US. The lack of adequate knowledge of the hepatitis C has been reported among clinicians, dentists and other occupational groups. The present study showed the Knowledge and attitude of undergraduate and postgraduate students in Shahid Beheshti Dental School regarding hepatitis C: 2014-2015.
    Methods
    In this descriptive cross- sectional study, 100 undergraduate and postgraduate students (80 and 20 individuals) were selected and studied by means of a questionnaire. The questionnaire included 17 knowledge and 9 attitude questions. The attitude and knowledge of dental students were assessed by Chi-Square Test.
    Results
    Of the total studied individuals, 32 students(32%) showed poor knowledge, 48 ones(48%) moderate knowledge and 20 ones(20%) had good knowledge of hepatitis C. Furthermore, 12 cases(12%) demonstrated poor attitude, 49 cases (49%) moderate attitude and 39 cases (39%) had good attitude. Value Odds ratio postgraduate students than the undergraduate students of the Group has the knowledge and attitudes of high compared to the moderate knowledge and attitude were 2/5 and the group has the knowledge and attitudes of high compared to low 4/5, respectively, Odds ratio in Female students than male of the above Groups were 1/3 and 1/8No significant effect of gender and course were shown on the student’s attitude and knowledge. (P. value > 0/05)
    Conclusion
    It was concluded that although fair knowledge and attitude were shown among undergraduate and postgraduate students of this center, some important knowledge or attitude gap persist, for which, more stresses are require and adequate educational interventions are necessitated to prevent hepatitis C transmissions among population.
    Keywords: Hepatitis C, Knowledge, Attitude
  • Fatemeh Rahmati, Najarkolaei, Hossein Dini Talatappeh, Simin Naghavi Page 4
    Introduction
    This study examined the beliefs of a group of university students about physical activities, healthy nutritional patterns in the context of Tehran, Iran.
    Methods
    This study was a mixed method. Participants of the study were 100 university students that selected by convenience sampling method from Tehran-located universities. Interviews and questionnaires were used to collect the data.
    Results
    Only 30% of them had regular physical activity. Body Mass Index (BMI) has mostly been in the normal range and % 17 were overweight. The important barriers were university courses, living in out-of-home settings, and time shortage as the factors barred them from having physical activities and healthy nutrition patterns. Students’ knowledge about the benefits of a healthy lifestyle was desirable.
    Conclusions
    Living in academic settings and preparing for exams which triggers stress, reduce nutrition pattern and physical activities as two factors related to life quality. Therefor, planning and evaluation of environmental health-promoting interventions was proposed.
    Keywords: Lifestyle, Diet, Students, Motor Activity
  • Vahid Sobhani, Behzad Farahani, A. Shakibaee, Salim Vahedi Naming, Amidoddin Khatibi Aghda, Zeynab Ebrahimpoor Page 5
    Introduction
    Dyslipidaemia increase had been known in the recent studies as risk factor of coronary artery diseases. Experimental exercise training had been suggested in several studies with different populations to control the coronary artery disorders via lipid profile. Present study was performed to assess the role of mild exercise training on the plasma lipid level in 100 patients (77 male) with arthritis.
    Methods
    Arthritis patients were randomly selected among patients who were referred into the one obesity clinic in Tehran and they were equally allocated into the trial and control groups. Data were collected between October and December 2011. Our study intervention was mild exercise training and Aerobic exercise was performed in five days in a week.
    Results
    There were no differences of total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL and LDL in both control and training groups significantly.
    Conclusion
    It seems that there was not enough activity in mild exercise to motivate the fat metabolism. Some additive therapeutic modalities such as dietary regimen control is needed for better effect.
    Keywords: Mild physical exercise, Cholesterol, Arthritis, Triglyceride, HDL, LDL
  • Golsa Shaham, Fatemeh Azadi, Mohsen Vatanparast, Naemeh Taherinejad, Hossein Kangavar Nazari Page 6
    Introduction
    Patients who entered into the hospitals may have emotional and socio-economic problems in addition to physical conditions. Furthermore, there are patients asking for discount because they are of employees of the hospital or have a relative or friend working in the hospital and sometime, these discounts are not recorded in financial cycle of hospitals. Given the ignorance of this issue, this study aims to investigate the status of departments of accounting and social work in hospitals with regard to the amount of discounts.
    Methods
    This analytical, cross-sectional study was conducted in departments of management, accounting and social work and other departments offering discounts to patients, in hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2011-2012. A checklist was used to gather data and also the SPSS 17.0 software and the Microsoft Excel were used to analyze the data.
    Results
    Based on the extracted data, the total amounts of discounts in the hospitals in 2011 and 2012 were 47,722,597,595 Dollar and 56,036,139,496 Dollar, respectively. Also, while in 2011, about 106492 clients enjoyed the offered discounts and per capita of discounts was 448,133 Dollar, in 2012, about 123088 clients enjoyed the discounts and per capita of discounts was estimated at 455,253 Dollar.
    Conclusion
    According to the financial information, in 2011, while the highest amount of discounts was offered by Imam Khomeini Hospital, the lowest amount of discounts was offered by Hospital 1. Similarly, in 2012, Hospital 6 offered the highest amount of discounts to patients; in contrast, Hospital 8 offered the lowest amount of discounts.
    Keywords: Discount, Hospital, Social Work, Accounting, Management