فصلنامه شیعه پژوهی
پیاپی 11 (تابستان 1396)

Islamic historiography is the product of the Muslim general effort that has started from the very first centuries and has grown with different tendencies, approaches and practices. Meanwhile, the companions of the Imams (AS) played a significant role. The companions of Imam Hadi (AS) also from different ethnic groups and tribes and with different intellectual tendencies dedicated to historiography in different branches and levels and focused on the founding, development, and continuation of their predecessor's movements. The present study examines the attitude and writing of these historians with a scientific-analytical approach. Using the historical method and comparing the works, and based on the available sources and documents, it has examined their position and role in terms of their intellectual and writing patterns and the micro-subjects of the historiography. Finally, with a mixture of narrative description and rational analysis, it has been found that they have continued the movement of historiography, regardless of tribal or regional thinking, and even receiving orders from Imam Hadi (AS). And in few cases they could have founding or developing role. Most of these works have been forgotten over time due to lack of innovation, lack of recognition in Islamic society, and lack of accountability to scientific and sectarian needs

Imam Hadi (AS) was one of the prominent and influential personalities of Islamic history who, in his youth, was in charge of the Shia Imamate and, using Islamic teachings, prophetic tradition and rationality, pursued divine duties and carried out promising programs. Despite all the political problems and limitations, Social and sometimes religious, which was created especially for him during in the period of al-Mutawakkil, in the Abbasid Caliph, he achieved many successes. He was able to influence the caliph of time, guiding his followers in the right direction. He coped with wrong religious ideas and showed the right and Islamic way of life to the people. What imam plays a role and purpose is a problem that poses a serious question to the research. This article tries to answer the central question based on historical sources and historical analysis and thematic analysis that what the most important strategy of Imam Hadi (AS) was in the conduct of the Islamic society and what methods he used to realize it. The main hypothesis of this article is that the Imam, with moral guidance, intellectual reform, and enlightenment, tried to carry out a divine mission and lead people to the right life that is the constant need of mankind

Comparing the imparted narratives of Imam Hadi (AS), in the various corrections of the book Alhidayat al-Kobra, shows a wide and distinct difference between them. These differences are so much that they can not be considered as unwanted errors in the process of printing or the difference between manuscripts or the difference between the scholar's methods, or even due to the characteristics of books such as Alhidayat al-Kobra. The evidences show that these discrepancies are incomings of a pragmatist and unmethodical glance to correction of this book. Motives such as disambiguation of the text, devotion and humbleness declaration in the issues of the Imams (AS), and showing their enemies subdued and despicable, and theological reservation are some factors that based on which, some editors or publishers have allowed themselves to manipulate this old text and idealize it. Presentation of the most reliable correction between these prints and the study of some implications of handing over the legacy of the ancestors will also be in the rest of this essay

Islamic unity and solidity is regarded as one of the vital necessities of Muslims which brings improvement and dignity to their societies. Also Ahl al-Bayt (AS) and the Quranic teachings highlighted the unity of Muslims and they recommended different solutions and strategies. Taking Sira (biography and characteristics) of Imam Hadi (AS) and his efforts into account, bringing unity and solidity among Muslims is highly significant. Meanwhile, the growth of deviated thoughts among Muslims along with tendencies toward sectarianism and increase of division issues brought the society on the brink of disastrous disagreements. However, Imam Hadi (AS) realized the issues and the tense situation, thus he applied especial approaches in order to face this phenomenon and brought unity and convergence among Muslims. As the religious approaches of Imam Hadi (AS) were highly important, the present paper will explain his approaches which brought unity to society, after describing the situation of the time. The hypothesis of this article is that Imam Hadi (AS) has applied approaches to truly bring unity among Muslims by preserving religious balance. The applied approaches were: exercising Taqiyya (dissimulation), explaining the Islamic teachings and Ahl al-Bayt's (AS) position through supplications and emphasis on Quran and Sira of Prophet Muhammad (AS), as the common grounds of all Muslims. Eventually he managed to resolve the cultural crises in society such as the conflict of creation of Quran and deviated currents

The Imamate of Imam Hadi (AS) (254-220) was simultaneously with six Abbasid Caliphs. Abbasid rulers tried to limit the imams by using various methods. During this period, we witness the growth and expansion of theological and independent sects and inside movements of Shiite. In this era, the owners of non-Islamic religions and thoughts also lived side by side with Muslims and influenced the scope of cultural change. The Islamic jurisprudential sects of the hadith were also active at this time. Imam Hadi (AS), in spite of all the limitations, considered the main need of the Imami community, understanding the true meaning of Imamate and introducing the true face of religion. At the time of Imam Hadi (AS), scientific confrontation of Imamiyya with the four common religions of Sunni is observed for the first time. This article with descriptive-analytical method, focused on the primary resources, studies and recognizes the strategies and the way of managing of Imam Hadi (AS) in the face of Sunni. Strategies such as the use of Sunni principles for cultural argumentation and discourse, the purification of the Shiite from internal deviant movements, the expression of Imam's real characteristics, and ... are examples of Imam's strategies in confronting this group

One of the controversial theological debates that created controversy among Muslim theologians is Quran's Theory of Creation or the Quran's Occurrence. The proponents of the Quranic People's Theory of the Quran are considered to be creatures and it is against those who regard the Quran as unconscious and old. The Mutazilites are known as the main defenders of the Quranic People's Theology. Since the ancient thought of the Quran was raised among the Muslims, the infallible Imams (AS) also declared their position and opposed it.The present paper, using historical reports and descriptive-analytical method, has tried to answer this question: What are the differences between the Imam Hadi (AS) and the Mutazilites with the Quranic theology on the basis of historical documentation. The findings of this article confirm this hypothesis that, despite the Mutazilite's insistence on promoting the Quranic thought, Imam Hadi (AS) considered it a futile battle and He strongly refused the Shiites to enter these debates.
He also refrained from commenting on the word "creature", in contrast to the Mutazilites, for the Holy Quran and in expressing his opinion about the Holy Quran; it was enough to be "the Word of God." This position of Imam Hadi (AS) caused his and his Shiites to remain immune from atheism suspicion and its consequences, including political, economic and social pressure