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Avicenna Journal of Medical Biochemistry - Volume:3 Issue: 2, Dec 2015

Avicenna Journal of Medical Biochemistry
Volume:3 Issue: 2, Dec 2015

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1394/05/12
  • تعداد عناوین: 5
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  • Aliasghar Vahidinia, Behnam Heshmatian*, Iraj Salehi, Mohammad Zarei* Page 1
    Background
    Hypertension is amongst major health issues in developed countries, which results in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Garlic plays an important role in the reduction of hypertension.
    Objectives
    The aim of the this study was to investigate the effect of consumption of garlic powder on blood pressure and renin angiotensin system in a nitric oxide deficiency hypertension model in male rats.
    Materials And Methods
    In this study, thirty-two adult male Wistar rats (200 - 250 g) were randomly divided to four groups as follows: normotensive, normotensive-garlic, hypertensive and hypertensive-garlic. Oral N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) was used to induce hypertension. Normotensive-garlic and hypertensive-garlic groups were fed 900 mg of garlic powder daily by oral gavage for forty-five days. At the beginning of the experiments, systolic blood pressure was measured. Immediately after the end of the experimental procedure animals were anaesthetized by pentobarbital, blood samples were collected and, after injection of angiotensin I, angiotensin II and captopril, blood pressure was re-measured. Plasma renin activity was also measured.
    Results
    At the beginning and at the end of experiments, systolic blood pressure was higher in the hypertensive groups than the normotensive group. However, at the end of the study, diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure were higher in the hypertensive groups than the normotensive group. Angiotensin I level was low in the normotensive group whereas plasma renin activity was high in the hypertensive group. After different doses of injection of angiotensin I and angiotensin II, mean arterial pressure was significantly increased in the normotensive-garlic and the hypertensive-garlic groups, respectively. By using captopril, mean arterial pressure and its changes were not significant after injection of different doses of angiotensin I in different groups.
    Conclusions
    Garlic powder consumption can reduce blood pressure, yet in this model, it did not have an effect on the interaction between renin angiotensin system and nitric oxide inhibition.
    Keywords: Blood Pressure, Garlic, Renin, Angiotensin System, Rats
  • Mohammad Nadri, Mohammad Soukhtanloo, Amir Hosein Jafarian, Mahboobeh Alamdari, Mohsen Sisakhti, Tayebeh Kianoush, Farnaz Zahedi Avval * Page 2
    Background
    Human Epidermal Growth factor Receptor 2 (HER2), also known as ErbB2 is a 185 kDa protein belonging to the Human Epidermal Receptor (HER) family of tyrosine kinase receptors overexpressed in 20% - 30% of patients with breast cancer. Similar to other members of the HER family, HER2 glycoprotein comprises of multiple domains including an extracellular ligand-binding domain, a single transmembrane domain and a cytoplasmic domain with tyrosine kinase activity. The extracellular domain of HER2 with 632 amino acids is composed of four subdomains (I - IV); subdomains I and III form a ligand binding site, and cysteine-rich subdomains II and IV play an important role in dimerization of the receptor.
    Objectives
    In this study we aimed to produce murine Monoclonal Antibodies (MAbs) with the ability of specific recognition of the HER2 dimerization arm.
    Materials And Methods
    Primarily, BALB/c mice were immunized with a 30-aminoacid peptide as a part of the human HER2 subdomain II. Splenocytes from hyperimmunized mice were fused with myeloma cells (SP2/0), selected in hypoxanthine-aminopterin-thymidine (HAT) medium, and screened by indirect Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Secreted MAbs were characterized according to isotypes, reactions with the native HER2 in SKBR3 cells by western blotting, and in tissue sections from HER2 positive breast cancer specimens by Immunohistochemistry (IHC).
    Results
    Isotype of 1F1 clone was determined to be IgG1, which reacted with native protein in the western blot experiment and stained 20% of the membrane of neoplastic cells overexpressing HER2 with 3+ grade. However, 3L5 clone showed a low reaction (10%) with native HER2 in immunohistochemistry.
    Conclusions
    The results of both western blotting and Immunohistochemistry showed that native HER2 can be detected with 1F1 monoclonal antibody.
    Keywords: Monoclonal antibody, Immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, HER2
  • Iraj Salehi, Shirin Moradkhani, Amaneh Mohammadi Roushandeh, Hamideh Nazari, Alireza Pouyandeh Ravan* Page 3
    Background
    Chronic hyperglycemia leads to microvascular and macrovascular complications such as diabetic nephropathy. Medicinal plants are good sources for finding new therapeutic chemicals to improve diabetes and relieve its symptoms.
    Objectives
    The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the hydroalcoholic extract (300 mg/kg) of Calendula officinalis (marigold) on blood biochemical profiles and histopathological changes in kidney of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
    Materials And Methods
    Twenty male Wistar rats were divided to four groups: Normal control (NC), diabetic control (DC), normal C. officinalis (N+CO) 300 mg/kg, and diabetic C. officinalis (D+CO) 300 mg/kg. The rats were treated for a period of 13 weeks. Diabetes was induced by Streptozocin injection, intraperitoneally. Level of glucose, urea, creatinine and also total anti-oxidant capacity, malondialdehyde, total oxidant status in serum and histological alterations in the kidney were analyzed.
    Results
    Level of serum glucose, urea, creatinine, malondialdehyde and total oxidant status were increased in diabetic rats, whereas, total anti-oxidant capacity was decreased compared to the control animals. Also, histological findings confirmed the absence of integrity in glomerulus and mass infiltration in kidney tissue in diabetic rats compared to the normal controls. Calendula officinalis extract had no effect on blood glucose, but it decreased blood urea nitrogen and creatinine, total oxidant status and malondialdehyde while it increased total anti-oxidant capacity in the diabetic extract-treated group when compared to diabetic rats. Calendula officinalis could not prevent nephropathy changes in the diabetic rats.
    Conclusions
    Therefore, our results suggest that although administration of 300 mg/kg of Calendula officinalis extract showed salutary effects on anti-oxidant profile, yet its protective effects on anti-diabetic and regenerative properties on nephropathy were ambiguous and require more investigations.
    Keywords: Diabetic Nephropathy, Hyperglycemia, Oxidative Stress, Streptozocin, Calendula officinalis
  • Rehana Rehman *, Zehra Jamil, Syeda Sadia Fatima, Faiza Alam Page 4
  • Salman Khazaei, Hamid Salehiniya*, Mohammad Keshvari Delavar, Abdollah Mohammadian Hafshejani Page 5