مجله علمی پژوهان
سال چهاردهم شماره 1 (پاییز 1394)

Internet addiction has been emerged as a new field of psychopathology. Excessive use of the Internet has become a problem which can cause severe difficulties in daily life, social relationships, work, education and psychological adjustment. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to determine the role of the cognitive emotion regulation strategies, Impulsivity and Extraversion In the tendency of Internet addiction in students of Urmia University in 2014.
Present study was a cross-sectional one. For this purpose, from Urmia University students in 2014, 290 individuals were selected by Stratified sampling. Then the Young’s Internet Addiction Scale, Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies, impulsivity Scale and Extraversion were distributed among research participants. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS-19 and descriptive indicators, correlation coefficient and simultaneous multiple regression analysis was utilized.
Outcomes explained that there is a negative correlation between Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies and Internet addiction (P0.05). Also, a significant positive correlation was found between impulsivity and extraversion scales with internet addiction (P Cognitive emotion regulation strategies and impulsivity and also personality trait of extraversion, have a special role in the tendency to engage into the internet behaviors.

Motorcycling is one of the most important factors of causing injury and motorcyclists are assumed to be as a vulnerable group of road accidents. Evaluation of epidemiological characteristics of traffic accidents in motorcyclists provides valuable information to be used for determination of research priorities. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiology of country-level traffic accidents among motorcyclists in 2013.
In this Cross-sectional study data was collected and studied from the national accidents record program in 2013. All traffic accidents, that injured people has received medical services in any private or public hospitals, were considered. Incident rate of accidents in motorcyclists was calculated per ten thousand. For the occurrence of accidents, GIS software package was used and data analysis was done by Ecxel 2010 and Stata 11.
In the present study, all injured motorcyclists included 168239 male and 23222 female. Number of traffic accidents in men was higher than women [87.9% and 12.1%, respectively] and the most affected people were in range of 20-24 years old group. Also, most of the traffic accidents has occurred on streets and alleys (84.12%).
Most of the traffic accidents has occurred in young people and urban areas. To reduce the risky behaviors and therefore decrease in the rate of motorcyclists’ traffic accident, development of strict laws and improvement of the cultural awareness should be emphasized more strongly.

AIDS is one of the most dangerous infectious diseases in the world and especially among young people. Prevention is known as the most principal approach to manage this issue. AIDS prevention requires gaining knowledge and real attitude of transmission and prevention of this illness. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the knowledge and attitudes toward AIDS between students of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, in 2015.
This investigation was a cross-sectional descriptive study. 320 students from medicine, nursing, midwifery and paramedical sciences schools were selected by sampling methods in 2014-2015. To collect data, demographic and the international AIDS questionnaire was used. Data analysis was performed by Mann-Whitney test and Kruskal-Wallis with SPSS software, version 22.
The mean and standard deviation score of students’ knowledge toward AIDS in general was 5.89±54.43 and 3.54±20.12 for attitudes score. The results showed that between gender and level of knowledge (P=0.391) and attitude about AIDS (P=0.104) no significant difference was seen. Also, between faculty and educational level of students and their knowledge and attitudes no significant changes was recognized (P Due to the necessity of increasing knowledge about routes of AIDS transmission and appropriate attitudes toward patients, authorities should design and organize programs, based on cultural and social conditions, to raise knowledge and improve attitudes, specially prevetion of AIDS transmission, in society.

Production and processing of raisin different areas are different based on weather conditions and their technological devices. Thus, generated wastewaters in each area are very different from another one in terms of quality and quantity. The objective of this study was to investigate the efficiency of the electrochemical process, which is an environmentally benign and simple technique, in the effluent of a raisin cleaning factory.
The wastewater from a raisin cleaning factory was treated by the electro-oxidation process in pilot-scale reactor (as batch) with an effective liquid volume of 80 ml. In order to study the amount of the performance of this process in organic matters removal, chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the samples were measured before and after every run. Moreover, the effects of parameters pH, current density, and reaction time were studied and consumed electrical power was calculated.
It was found that 86% of COD was removed at the following conditions: pH 3, current density 40 mA/cm2 and reaction time 360 min and the efficiency went up with increasing both time and current density. Further, at optimum conditions, the amount of electrical energy consumption was 5.4 kW/h COD.
Considering high loading rate of the wastewater in this study, this system can be applied as a pretreatment step despite having high efficiency and the effluent from this process requires further treatment to meet environmental standards.

Spouse abuse refers to any violent behavior dependent on gender and resulting in physical, sexual, psychological injuries and women suffering. It has adverse consequences in society and family. Current study was aimed to assess factors affecting spouse abuse in women in Shiraz city.
This descriptive, analytical, cross-sectional study was conducted on women victims of spouse abuse referring to center of legal medicine of Shiraz city, 197 patients were randomly selected in 2013. The data were collected using a demographic information form, a standard questionnaire assessing violence against women, general health questionnaire, and Female Sexual Function Index. The data were analyzed by the SPSS version 18 statistical software using, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and regression.
Among the highest rates of spouse abuse, psychological violence, with an average (55.80) and the lowest economic violence with an average of (6.11), respectively. There was a significant and direct correlation between in dimensions of physical violence (P=0.001; r: 0.10), economic violence (P=0.007; r: 0.15) and general violence (P=0.052; r: 0.11) and the general sexual function. Moreover, the variables of contraception, family involvement spouse, history of husband addiction, number of children, economic class of parents spouses, spouse age and sexual function significantly predicted the spouse abuse in women (P Due to the high prevalence of domestic violence and its relationship with the couple’s characteristics, increase awareness of the problem and the factors influencing it, seems necessary.

Poly ethylene terephthalate (PET) is one of the major plastic compounds which are used to make different productions such as fibers and food containers. Due to the stability of the plastic in the nature, as well as reuse ability of some plastic wastes, codification of an integrated program to collect and recycle these materials is necessary.
In this cross-sectional study, being done in four areas covered by Hamadan municipality, data was drawn from the range of journals, authentic internet sites, prepared questioners and direct interviews with solid waste manager and recycling organization director of Hamadan municipality. In order to estimate the amount of plastic waste, the total amount of wastes collected by public, private and itinerant sectors were evaluated. Then, the average rate of recycled PET was calculated per month.
According to results, 17.6% of city waste matters in Hamadan was in form of solid wastes, which PET’s contribution was 0.99%. By recycling process, also, it is possible to save 3160000 MJ energy and 56100$ from 51 tonnes of plastic waste.
The result of this study showed that household recycling approach is more effective than other waste collecting management methods. In line with this, training people can play an essential role in learning recycling approaches.

Despite progress in health, human lice are still considered as a health problem. Lice could transmit different diseases to human such as epidemic relapsing fever, epidemic typhus and trench fever. The aim of this study was to determine the major factors on pediculosis capitis in students of Pakdasht county in autumn of 2013.
This was a cross-sectional descriptive and analytic study. Among all students, after investigating in terms of pediculosis, 678 infested individuals were selected. The extracted data were analyzed by using SPSS version 20 software and Chi-square test.
From total number of 53732 students in different school grades, 556 females (82%) and 122 males (18%) were found to be infested by head lice. A significant relationship was recognized between the rate of infestation and students’ gender (P The results illustrate that head lice infestation, as a major problem, is related to some factors including economic conditions and poor education. To find strategies for this issue, regarding its cultural, economical and social aspects, cooperation of different organs like ministries of education and health and also students and their parents is clearly required.