Crescent Journal of Medical and Biological Sciences
Volume:3 Issue: 4, Oct 2016

Social responsibility (SR) has become an essential corporate practice across most organizations. The primary concept of being socially responsible is to ensure that industries engage in ethical operations and in a manner that benefits the surrounding communities. The objective of the current report was to assess the social responsibilities of the health industry in Abu Dhabi, UAE. Based on recent reviews; the study findings show increased awareness of being socially responsible across various hospital centers. Most facilities undertake regular voluntary care, creation of community awareness about health matters, and undertaken free medical screening during medical camps. However, the uptake of social responsibilities in Abu Dhabi is still low as some health care facilities continue to face funding problem. Other facilities lack the SR strategy in their business models further disadvantaging surrounding communities especially persons that are financially challenged to access regular medical care. In light of the current observations, the health industry in Abu Dhabi needs to do more needs in terms of policy change, partnering with the government, and seeking budgetary support to support social activities in Abu Dhabi on a regular basis.

The main purpose of this study was to instigate effect of tramadol administration on sperm characteristics on testicular ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in male Wistar rats.
Eighteen Wistar rats were randomly allocated into 3 experimental groups. (A) The control group had no received any medications, abdominal cavity was opened but no IR-induced. The IR group (B): abdominal cavity was opened, IR-induced without pre-medication. (C) Animal orally administrated with tramadol (40 mg/kg) for 1 week followed by testicular IR-induced. The time duration of IR was 60 minutes in all experimental groups. Then after 24 hours, the abdomen was opened, semen samples were collected from the caudal epididymis to determine epididymis weight, sperm mortality, mobility and sperm count.
According to the results, sperm mortality, mobility and sperm count significantly diminished in control group rats (group B) (P Perhaps tramadol has curative effect against testicular IR.

The aim of this study is evaluate the effects of weight before and during pregnancy on maternal and neonatal complications.
In this cohort study, the statistical population was pregnant women. After collecting all the primary information, the relationship between pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and weight gain during pregnancy with preterm delivery and maternal complications such as diabetes and pre-eclampsia were studied.
From a total of 1400 pregnant women, who were recruited for this study, 897 were referred to Bushehr’s Persian Gulf Martyrs Hospital; statistical analysis was performed on the participants. BMI before pregnancy had no significant relationship with the number of previous abortions (P = 0.3). No significant relationship was found between BMI before pregnancy and gestational diabetes during pregnancy (P = 0.53), preeclampsia (P = 0.26), or preterm delivery (P = 0.55). Weekly weight gain was significantly less in mothers without preterm birth than mothers with preterm birth (P = 0.002), but there was no significant difference in overall weight (P = 0.99). BMI had a significant impact on low birth weight (LBW) in infants (P = 0.003). The impact of pre-pregnancy BMI on Apgar scores was significant (P = 0.043). The mother’s BMI and weekly weight gain (without adjusting for confounding variables) as well as weight gain after adjusting for confounding variables had no significant effect on the mother’s risk of developing gestational diabetes. The mother’s age was the only confused variable (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 1.09, P = 0.004). Pre-pregnancy BMI had a significant impact on the chances of Small for gestational age (SGA) infants (P = 0.03), but no significant effect on the chance of large for gestational age (LGA) births (P >0.05).
High BMI during pregnancy has an adverse outcome in pregnancy.

Synovial fluid is composed of plasma ultrafiltration and hyaluronic acid secretion by synovial cells. Synovial fluid plays a role as softener and feeding cartilages without vessels. Infectious arthritis is one of the commonest arthritis and if the disease did not cure in the first days it would injure cartilages irreversibly. The goal of this study was identification of Staphylococcus aureus in synovial fluid of patients suspected to arthritis through PCR in Urmia city.
In this research synovial fluid contamination with Staphylococcus aureus and biochemical parameters such as the amount of glucose, protein and the number of white blood cells were studied. Amplification of nuc gene with the length of 279 bp using PCR method was applied to confirm Staphylococcus aureus isolation.
For this, 400 cerebrospinal fluid samples were tested from hospitalized patients with arthritis in two hospitals in Urmia city during 3 months, which out of them 109 of samples were contaminated with bacteria including: 78 of isolates were Staphylococcus aureus, 12 of them were coagulase negative Staphylococci, 4 of them were Streptococcus and 15 of them were gram negative bacilli. Also, results showed that the amounts of glucose in positive samples in comparison to the amount of glucose in synovial fluid were significantly decreased. The amount of protein and the number of white blood cells in synovial fluid of positive samples were significantly higher in comparison to normal synovial fluid.
Results showed that Staphylococcus aureus is the most common agent at infections arthritis, therefore it is recommended to use an experimental treatment for Staphylococcus aureus prior to final results.

Pregnant people pose some challenge to the intensivists and their management is clinically important in the intensive care unit (ICU). Thrombotic events and pulmonary embolism (PE) is one of the most important causes of maternal morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study is to evaluate the incidence, diagnostic approaches, therapeutic interventions, intensive care management and outcome of parturient admitted to obstetric intensive care which were suspected to have PE.
In this study, all pregnant or postpartum women with the sign or symptoms of PE which admitted to obstetric ICU of Alzahra teaching hospital during 5 years were reviewed. Demographic data, clinical signs or symptoms, diagnostic approaches, patient management and final outcome of the patients were collected, noted and analyzed.
Totally 200 parturient with the suspicion to have PE were admitted to ICU during 5 years. Mean age, weight and height of patients were 26.61 ± 4.28 years, 75.24 ± 3.06 kg and 157.87±7.89 cm, respectively. 136 (68%) patients were assessed carefully with imaging techniques and pulmonary emboli PE was ruled out in 12 (62%) patients whose CT was normal and 76 (38%) revealed unilateral (59 patients) or bilateral (8 patients) PE. Mean admission time was 7 days and overall mortality was 2.6% (2 patients).
PE is an important cause of pregnancy-related mortality and morbidity and can mimic many other clinical conditions. However, high index of suspicion, accurate diagnostic approaches and timely prophylaxis and therapy can prevent maternal mortality.

Deriving from sugar or sucrose, sucralose sweetener has no calories and is 600 times sweeter than sugar. Cipla as a commercial sweetener has different compounds, including lactose, L-leucine, cross, carmellose sodium, also creates a low calorie. In the present study the effect of Cipla on serum lipid profiles of diabetic and healthy rats was evaluated.
This study was conducted on 24 male Wistar rats weighing 230 ± 30 g that randomly divided into 4 equal groups: healthy control group, diabetic control group, healthy treatment group and the diabetic treatment group. Sucralose dosage in the present study was determined as daily 15 mg/kg for one month in healthy treatment group. The diabetic treatment group received that amount of sucralose by gavage. In order to induce diabetes in rats at 65 mg/kg dosage of streptozotocin was injected intraperitoneally and the rate of serum glucose was measured with a glucometer after 24 hours; so, the cases higher than 250 mg/dL were considered as diabetic rats. At the end of this process, blood samples were collected from tail vein of all rats. Following serum separation the serum lipid profiles (cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein [LDL], high-density lipoprotein [HDL]) were evaluated and analyzed using SPSS software (version 18).
In this study, although the lack of meaningful change in HDL and meaningful decrease of triglyceride and cholesterol was proved
It seems that the administration of the sweetener by diabetic and cardiovascular patients must be done with caution due to increasing and meaningful effect of Cipla on serum LDL.

Cardiac surgery due to its-associated stressors has the potential physiological, psychological, emotional, and spiritual consequences. Assessment of stressors needs to nurses and patients understanding these factors that are different from each other. The aim of this study was to determine nurse-patient perception of stressful factors in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG).
It was a descriptive comparative study on patients who underwent CABG and were hospitalized at cardiac surgery wards between the third and fifth days after operation and also on nursing caregivers of these patients working in these wards. The Revised Cardiac Surgery Stressor Scale (RCSSS) was used for assessing related stressors after determining its reliability and validity. The data analysis was performed by SPSS and with descriptive statistical methods (frequency, percent, mean ± standard deviation) and inferential statistical analysis was performed.
According to overall mean RCSSS score, the perception of stressors in nurses was significantly higher than patients (2.38 ± 0.56 versus 1.65 ± 0.44) and the nurse-patient understanding was different for interpersonal, intrapersonal, and extra-personal stressors.
According to the results, nurses can generally assess their patients in terms of interpersonal, intrapersonal, and extra-personal stressors and train them according to the needs of patients. It can help them to personal assessment of the patients and facilitate their adaptation.