نشریه هوزان
سال دوم شماره 6 (2018)

The safety of employees in the workplace is one of the most important issues for each organization. Researches show that 85 percent of work accidents occur due to insecure behavior, which has been the main factor in attitude and culture. Therefore, creating an appropriate HSE culture is very important in the preventing of work accidents.
The number of staff employed in Khatam Al-Anbia Hospital health center of Abarkouh during this cross-sectional study (in 2017-2018) were 154 and 160 people, respectively. This research was done by census method and using a standard questionnaire which has already been approved for its validity and reliability. We found 99.01% of questionnaires competed (301 from 314 questionnaires). The data from the questionnaire and the demographic information of the interviewees were transmitted to the SPSS-22 database and analyzed using Mann-Whitney a nonparametric test.
The obtained results showed the relationship between the two groups is significant. By comparing the mean of the total score of the questions related to the commitment and leadership element, it is observed that the mean in the health center group is higher than the hospital group.
As a result, commitment and leadership in the Health, safety and Environment (HSE) culture in the health center of Abarkuh city is more favorable than Khatam Al-Anbia hospital.

Whenever natural disasters such as floods, earthquakes, or human-made disasters such as war or terrorist attacks occur, the importance of field hospitals become prominent. The aim of this study is to determine the structural and architectural requirements for the construction of Fix and mobile field hospitals according to passive defense during the crisis from the Experts point of view.
This is an analytical cross-sectional study with the aim of determining the appropriate structural and architectural requirements of field hospitals considering passive defense in crisis situations. The method of this research is descriptive-analytical and Delphi technique is used. A researcher-made questionnaire was prepared in the field of engineering (civil engineering and architecture) (containing 53 questions) which are completed by relevant experts. The data analyzed by SPSS 16 software using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, middle) and Kruskal Wallis / Mann-Whitney tests are performed. 0.05 was considered as level of significance.
In order to verify the reliability, using 20 questionnaires that were filled in pilots, Cronbach's alpha coefficients was 0.81. Based on the results, the maximum and a minimum number of participants were in groups 25-35 and 25-20 years (29.73% and 16.21% respectively), and the majority of participants (85.13%) Were male.The percentage of people with bachelor, MSC, and Ph.D. were 24.22%, 63.5%, and 12.16% respectively and 84.95% had an experience crisis attendance. There was no significant relationship between demographic characteristics (sex, age ...) and their attitude (p The results of this study showed that, the correct placement of field hospitals (4.59 out of 5), locating and accessory (4.3 out of 5), the use of concrete buried structures in soil (4.27 out of 5) and equipping Hospitals with protective filters against the attacks (4.5 out of 5) are the most important ones to be considered. In general, the results of this study showed that engineering requirement mixed with managerial and military considerations and it is unique for every location and Emergencies.

In recent years, public concern about the management of hospital wastes in the world has been increased. Medical waste categorized as a distinct group of solid waste, which has health and environmental risk potential. This study aim was to survey of medical waste characterization and management in Shohada Hospital of Behshahr, 2016.
This cross-sectional study performed in 2016 in Shohada Hospital of Behshahr to determine the quantity, quality and management of hospital wastes. Sampling performed twice a week for 6 months. A total of 48 samples was taken and each sample quantified by weighting.
Obtained results showed the rate of waste generation is 1.34 kg/bed. Day. For non-medical waste the hazardous and household wastes were 36% and 64%, respectively. The infectious, household, sharp, chemical and pharmaceutical waste generation rate were, 0.027, 0.065, 0.09 and 0.0006 kg /bed /day, respectively.
Our findings showed suitable solid waste management for non-medical wastes, while infectious waste management is not satisfactory and the need to revise. It can be concluded the need for training and capacity establishing programmes for all employees involved in management of the medical waste.