مجله جامعه شناسی سیاسی جهان اسلام
پیاپی 12 (بهار و تابستان 1397)

In the 1980s, Turkey succeeded in reforming its internal economic structure under the influence of neoliberalism as a dominant approach in the world of politics and the world economy, and pursuing its promotion of domestic and international status in this way. The question of the present article was how the effects and consequences of neoliberal reforms and reforms on the economic structure of Turkey can be analyzed and how is the state's position in this process possible? The research findings were based on a descriptive and analytical method based on the documentary study that the role of the developmental government of Turkey, especially from the era of the Ozal period as the main battalion of reforms, was based on neoliberal policies and the integration of Turkey into the world economy, and the withdrawal of the economy From renditions and guidance to healthy structures, the creation of qualitative changes in the constitution in favor of economic change, the pursuit of integration with the global economy, the interaction with the West and the exploitation of globalization opportunities, its main policies were the emerging economic developments Taking advantage of the work of the Justice and Development Party, they can make Turkey a credible position Defense means the three-digit inflation in 1998 was one-digit in 2006. they can make Turkey a credible position Defense means the three-digit inflation in 1998 was one-digit in 2006.

Foreign policy and diplomacy, as the most important area for managing and guiding national interests in the international system, is one of the most important areas for empowering countries through the creation of patterns of order and formation of regional stability, which, of course, is directly influenced by international system and its developments. The transformation of simple systems into complex systems in post-Cold War atmosphere and the formation of networks as the main constituent of this system, especially at the beginning of the new century, has led to the emergence of diplomatic networks and their ability to combine and share power, which utilizes the rules of clustering and balancing. It also leads to a kind of convergence in geoculture based on communications and networks so that some of the theorists of international relations has spoken of civilization as a future image of the world. In the meantime, the Islamic Republic of Iran, as one of the most important and most strategic network in the Muslim World which is talking of the idea of ​​the unity of the Islamic world as the heart of its foreign policy, adopts a smart diplomacy and a network approach to achieve a synergy based on its advantages in different clusters. It also prepared the grounds for increasing convergence of the Islamic world through creating the required bases as a tool of this strategy.

Key sources of international relations all emphasize on the role and importance of national interest in designing of foreign policy worldwide. However In Iranian case, as a political system rising from Islamic Political thought, national interest in a combination of national identity and religious identity. This combination creates many new issues among which the relations between national interest and Islamic principles. This article is an attempt to evaluate this relations in theory and practice. Using Constructivism as a theoretical framework, and conducting ten deep exclusive interviews, the article argues that the relations between national interest and Islamic principles in Iranian foreign policy covers a wide spectrum from pragmatic interaction to practical synergy. The findings of the article show that Iran has acted as a rational player acting through a realist idealism trying to reconcile conflicts between the two concepts aiming to secure the survival of the system as a whole as the ultimate goal.

The role played by the tangible role of various types of social networking in Iran in recent years has created a general feeling that with the speed of technical development of these media, the pace of social change will also increase as different functions play a good role in these networks in the Iranian society. Getting them almost impossible. But whether these functions affect the orientations of the political culture of the academic community, is a question that the present research has combined in a mixed and descriptive-analytical level, which has been answered by the professors of the universities of eight metropolises of the country in a survey method. By analyzing the data obtained using Tawkandal test and Spearman correlation, the direction and level of relationship between the two variables of the research concluded that three functions of development of monitoring capabilities, convergence of social communication and evaluation of Viber and Telegram on six components of eight The component of political culture of the users of the university was effective in Iran, among which the effect of these functions on the critique of the moderate political system and the impact on the components of distrust, intellectual absolutism, alienation, extremism and domination of weak religious values were positive, and two components of non-legal behaviors and Self-directional effect of A. These functions are not accepted.

One of the most important reasons for the study of revolutions is to find out what causes the transformation or persistence of the revolution. The survival of the Islamic Revolution is a subject that the leader of the Islamic Revolution, especially in recent years, has emphasized on it to be provided by various groups. In the statements of the Supreme Leader, It has been pointed out that the revolution and its survival must be considered and be provided as a goal and an indicator. In this article, we have tried to answer the main question and it’s "what are the components of the Islamic Revolution’s Durability in the Thoughts of Ayatollah Khamenei”. This research has been done by means of thematic analysis method using MAXQDA software. The results of this research are gathered in the form of table results including basic themes and organizers themes. In this study, four major organizer themes, Islam, Leadership, People and Efficiency, were received based on the views expressed by the Supreme Leader and his Thoughts. These four main elements, which are the pillars of the Islamic Revolution, include more detailed elements, which are presented in the form of basic themes. The components gathered in this study are elements that have been raised by the Supreme Leader over the years, and the need for attention, preservation and continuation of these components is essential for maintaining the Islamic Revolution and its growth.

Many factors have caused a discrepancy between the government and the nation in Bahrain.One of the most important of these is the "National Action Charter" which is named in the Arabic "Mithaq al-ʿAmal al-Vatani",what has exacerbated the challenges in domestic arena between the people and the Bahraini government is the national action charter. This is while the majority of people believe that the provisions of the national action charter are completely different from those of the country's system.According to people, what was said by the King and recorded in the national action charter is completely different from what the system is doing in the realm of action. The main question of the study is how did the national action charter cause disagreement between the people and the government of Bahrain?To answer this question, first have to look at the Bahraini political system and the political and social conditions of the society, and then, by examining the most important provisions of the national action charter, explain the difference between the people and the system by the Charter.The present study,by using a descriptive method for analyzing and collecting information based on the library method and elite interview, explains that the actions of the Bahraini government are very different from the Bahraini religious community and its religious identity,because the Bahraini ruler, with the unilateral adoption of the 2002 constitution,has approved some powers to himself and getting authority which has led to increase the disparity between the people of the society and the government.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the causes and reasons for the formation, continuation and expansion of the movement of gold, while analyzing Gulen's thoughts and ideas, the intellectual and theoretical origins of this movement in the historical context of political developments and conditions And social studies in Turkey. In addition, the process of developing these ideas and organizing this movement in the form of disciplined and efficient educational and financial institutions, and mass media with a systemic attitude Has been. This research is exploratory research and has been described by a technique and, to some extent, has been analyzed by referring to the documents. In general, the Gulen movement has, on the one hand, been the product of the historical conditions of Turkey and the reaction to secularist policies of the states, and on the other hand, has been an ongoing attempt to reconcile Islam with modernity and democracy. The exploitation of the teachings of Sufism, the sanctification of labor and collective effort, the fight against poverty, ignorance and divisions, and the attempt to reconcile tradition and modernity by lending from the tradition of liberalism and Protestant morality, has presented a kind of Islam to the world. It defends social Islam against political Islam.