فهرست مطالب

پژوهش نامه حقوق بشری - پیاپی 10 (زمستان 1396)

نشریه پژوهش نامه حقوق بشری
پیاپی 10 (زمستان 1396)

  • بهای روی جلد: 70,000ريال
  • تاریخ انتشار: 1396/12/01
  • تعداد عناوین: 5
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  • Dr. Eghlime Nasiri Sagharlo Page 13
    The subject of this research is review of the most important legal responsibilities nursemaid according to their jurisprudence and legal foundations. A woman who takes care of the baby instead of the mother and she usually feeds him/her with her milk. Although maintenance baby and breastfeeding him/her practically and legally consider as two distinct works but it has always been preferred that nursemaid is also Merzeh (a mother who is breastfeeding to baby). Today, a woman who helps the mother to keep baby known as a nursemaid. In the present study stated, from the distant past, before the advent of Islam, recruiting nurses was a common routine in Islamic societies and there are several motivations for recruiting nurses. In the new era, with changing social conditions, legal and cultural structures relating to maintenance, custody and breastfeeding babies and children has been changed. The findings of this study showed that legal practice of child nurses can evaluate in the framework of Civil and Criminal Responsibility of specialist nurses. In this way, if a baby or child damages psychological and physical, because of irregularities and diagnostic, medical and careful errors which are done by a nurse, so, the nurse would be directly and indirectly responsible for the guilt’s. Also, if in case of neglect, lack of skill and negligence in the maintenance of the baby caused damages, she will have to compensate for the damages and losses.
    Keywords: Nursemaid, nurse of child, civil liability of baby maintenance, prenatal nurse
  • Elahe Jafari Page 51
    From the time of human life on Earth and population growth and generations on it, the population of unprotected women and children has been increased for various reasons such as war, accidents, robbery, murder, natural and unexpected factors and ... . The unprotected women and children have faced with social, cultural, economic and... . On the other, deficiencies and poverty impose double pressure on these families which has led to an increase in types of abnormalities and threatens their health and finally, the health of the community. Therefore, checking the status of women and children is the most important issue of society. The unprotected women and children not only is in our country but also, throughout the world, the problems of unprotected women and children are among the most important concerns of countries. Actually, all countries tried to support them but the difference is in attention to these people. The unprotected women and children as part of the citizens of the community, the right to quality life with security and social justice and away from worry and threats, therefore, in this article, first, we examine the general concepts of guardianship and unprotected. Then, examining the situation of unprotected women and children in Iran and we will study Islam’s special look at the supervisor’s issue.
    Keywords: Women's rights, human rights, unprotected women, children, the constitution of Iran
  • Nahid Mohammadzade Page 73
    One of the important issues in international law is civil rights. Citizenship rights are included factors such as Citizens’ freedom of expression, decision-making on the individual
    and social destiny, citizenship, economic rights, social-political participation, the right to health, security, house and ... . The degree of enjoyment and commitment in societies, particularly, women’s enjoyment of citizenship rights show citizen activism in a world free from human inequalities and public utilization of existing facilities. In such a situation, the civil society after the adoption of women’s independence and empowerment of women, has drafted a Citizen Rights Charter and in addition to the common rights of citizens is considered special rights for women. In addition, it wants women to try, by knowing and aware of his privileges, duties and position, In order to obtain ethical and scientific virtues. Obviously, promotion of public awareness, compilation and monitoring of the implementation of legal requirements, promoting the culture of meritocracy and selecting the fittest, legal conflict with women’s rights violators, revision of the Charter and eliminating some shortcomings leads to that women, in a safe and healthy environment, while educating the generation, side by side with men, progress to health, development and well-being.
    Keywords: Citizen, Women's citizenship, Women's rights, Citizenship rights
  • Amin Aminiyan Faresani, Simin Azadiyan Page 109
    had a long history of violence against women in human societies , ranging from developing advanced or communities , he began to take measures to stop or to minimize the gender - based violence , as a unifying and dynamic , institutionalized . Therefore, today , rights activists aimed at identifying women as one of the most vulnerable groups in the eyes of the crime and, consequently, identifying strategies to prevent the outbreak of violence or , at best , of women seen crime . This paper in particular to protect women crime, the necessity of dynamism and active role of the criminal justice system, institutions and civil society, in the form of the legislate , judicial , administrative effects and participatory Criminal policy studies.
    Keywords: substantial criminal protection, criminal protection, violence against women, physical violence