فصلنامه علوم خبری
پیاپی 8 (اسفند 1392)

The news today is part of the public discourse. News texts are produced in high quantity in the media and consumed by the audience. The writers of these texts exploit various strategies and approaches to attract the audience. These strategies generally deal with the form or face of the text. Any change in the form or face of the text leads to various changes in the meaning. But rhetorical devices do not make a change in the meaning. These devices in news writing result in higher validity of the news discourse and facilitation of understanding the information. Rhetoric in its general meaning is a set of strategies which are used for attracting and enticing the audience. In this paper we intend to examine the functions of the rhetorical devises and to analyze them using a critical approach. According to the theoretical basics and analysis framework, first we describe two news texts from BBC Persian analytically and then will compare the analysis results together.

This study examines the framing of Egypt’s January 2011 uprising in the country’s state-run, independent and social media using a unique dataset of Arabic language content from newspapers and key social media posts collected during the peak of protests. Semiofficial (governmental) newspapers framed the event as “a conspiracy on the Egyptian state,” warning of economic consequence and attributing blame and responsibility for the chaos on others. Social media posts used a human interest frame defining protests as “a revolution for freedom and social justice” and independent newspapers used a combination of these frames. Findings point toward the potential roles that newsmedia will play in shaping public opinion and demonstrate why social media have wide appeal in times of political crisis.

Nowadays, transparency is one of the most important factors in achieving good governance at the national, regional and international level. This factor in very important to dealing with corruption and is the preconditions for answering.
One of the most important tool to creating the transparency is the accessibility of people to the information of governmental institute and due to this, regulation and protection of the right of accessing to information is noteworthy by the international and regional organizations and in the important document this right have been recognize and support.
Council of Europe in the case of right to information have ratified the regional recommendations and conventions that are as model for many countries.
Studies showed that despite the existence of suitable case for protection of right to information and creating the transparency in the intellectual foundation of the Islamic republic and its laws and regulations, lack of proper implementation of laws, lack of monitoring, the Culture of data protection by employees, impede people to access the information. Undoubtedly, reform this situation for improve the country is necessary and requires the effort of people and authorities.