نشریه جغرافیای اجتماعی شهری
پیاپی 6 (بهار 1395)

Housing choice is an important issue for families because it affects the asset and the quality of family life. Among the factors that are involved in housing, the environmental factors are of utmost importance. In recognition of the effective environmental values on location choice, one can get acceptable comprehensive residential environment for families. Based on these environmental values the quality of residential environment and consequently, the quality of life for families would increase.Considering the importance of the issue, this study investigates and prioritizes the environmental characteristics that influence the hesitancy location in Kahnooj city. The research method is descriptive-analytic and the data is collected through questionnaire. Ten real estate agents of Kahnooj were selected by using snowball sampling method. The fuzzy DEMATEL model is used for weighting, ranking and analyzing the indexes. The results showed that the distance from work and school index with having the highest weight has the most important factor for families in order to choose the hesitancy location. The flooding and the salt of the earth index, with the lowest weight is the least important for the choice of hesitancy location.

The emergency situation is an unplanned phenomena as a result of which people, plants and the environment are at serious risk. One of the main problems that people in emergency situations encounter with is the shortage of drinking water. Preparation for encountering the emergency situations requires providing all facilities that lead to a possible reduction in the decision-making. So finding suitable locations for establishing water distribution sites for water saving and water efficiency is important. The research method is analytical- descriptive and is based on practical purpose. In this study with a survey of water and sewage experts, university professors and crisis management experts and using two questionnaires, the criteria of drinking water distribution stations were identified. Using Expert Choice Software prioritization of criteria were determined. Finally, using ArcGIS software, the location of drinking water stations is obtained regarding to their criteria and prioritizations and with effective factors such as volume of water reservoirs and the distance of 500 meter from residential homes. The final map indicates the 65 proposed locations with good dispersion in Region 2 of Kerman. The first priority of the 65 locations obtained 12 places, the second priority obtained 25 places and the third priority obtained 28 places.

Cities are complex phenomena. During the last two decades, one of the efficient tools in identifying morphological urban complexity mentioned and discussed in books and various publications is fractal model. The model, which was presented by Benoit Mandelbrot, is an effective tool in the study of urban morphology. This article both introduces this model and deals with its role in comparative study of the old and new contextures of the city of Zanjan. To this end, two software programs were used. Excel software was used in calculating the fractal dimension and ArcMAP software was used in generating the fractal maps. The research method is analytical and comparative. The collected data is provided through documenting methods and Zanjan detailed plan maps. Research findings indicate that the fractal model is a real and accurate tool for understanding urban morphology. The results also showed that the old contexture of Zanjan in comparison with the new one is more fractal.

Historical contexture are not only valuable in terms of historical attraction, aesthetic, continuation of collective memory and identity to cities, but also are considered as significant part of life and work area of urban population. Renovating such contexture through attracting tourists have great impact on both earning money and renewing social life. Tourist trails as efficient ways in attracting domestic and foreign tourists promote historical identity and social life of cities along with preserving valuable historical counters. Kerman's historical contexture with its numerous historical attractions is an example of such urban spaces. This study aimed to identify suitable zones to create tourist routes walk in historical contexture of Kerman. Accordingly, in the framework of descriptive- analytical method after determining the effective criteria, weighting them has been done according to tourism expert's ideas. Using AHP model and Arc Map10 software, the productive layers of each criteria based on specified weight were combined which its output is the quadruplet map of historical contexture to create a tourist walking route map. Based on the final map, it was found that the most suitable zone is in the central part of the texture. In this zone tourist attractions such as Grand Bazaar, Ganj-ali-khan complex, Ibrahim Khan Complex, Arg square, Grand Mosque and Imam Mosque are located in this area. By distancing from the center to the margins, the utility of lands is reduced. In addition, among the twelve research criteria, the criteria of proximity to a communications network with the weight (0, 217) has the highest value and the criteria of the distance from parks with the weight (0. 026) has the lowest coefficient of importance relative to other criteria are accounted for.

The quality of the urban environment is social, cultural, economic and physical-spatial urban environment that reflects the satisfaction or dis-satisfaction of the citizen of urban environment. Hence, the quality of the environment change and evolve over time due to technological advances and standards in relation to human needs. This study aimed to analyze space environmental quality and to enhance the quality of environmental indexes in nineteen deteriorated urban areas of District 11 of Tehran Municipality. The research method is descriptive–analytical. ArcGIS and Excel software and Topsis model were utilized. Data collection is based on 27 indicators of physical, social, economic and cultural. The research findings indicate that by ranking the areas based on TOPSIS technique Abbasi, Anbar (warehouse), Rah-Ahan (railway station), Razi Park, Helal-Ahmar (Red-Crescent), Khoramshahr areas are considered as areas with poor environmental quality. Eskandari and Jomhouri areas were considered as desirable residential areas. By analyzing the dimensions and indicators of the areas of district 11 it is indicated that these areas have the worst physical situation and the best cultural and social situations in the district.

The city of Rayen is one of the main tourist centers in Kerman province. Despite having tourism attractions such as Arg-e Rayen, waterfall, beautiful sceneries, Hezar mountain springs, the most biggest volcano of the region, green and pink marble mines, mineral springs, holy shrines and opportunities ahead, such as the intercity transportation position and services, handicraft markets and providing local capabilities, the city is faced with some weaknesses and threats. The purpose of current research is to investigate the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the city of Rayen in developing tourism industry. Research Methods is the combination of library and field studies. Using SWOT model, data's were analyzed and the strategies of tourism development were determined in four categories of WO, ST, SO and WT. In order to determine the best strategy for the development of tourism industry, quantitative strategic planning matrix (QSPM) was used. In order to determine weights, SWOT factors were extracted based on interview and filling out questionnaire from experts and tourists. The results of the study show that, the diversification strategy is the most suitable way for development of tourism in the region. The (ST3) strategy with median of 2, 43 score was suggested as the best strategy. This strategy emphasized on advertising and informing tourists of the region potentials as well as specifying a distinctive regulation for using spaces. It also proposed the best strategy to prevent demolition of environment.

One of the important aspects of human life in urban areas is the problem of leisure time and how to spend it. Leisure spaces in cities are the most important functional areas where a person turns in his spare time in order to escape the tensions of urban life. Shahinshahr is one of the cities that its recreational and leisure spaces do not have proper conditions to meet the needs of citizens. The aim of this study is to examine the condition and vulnerability of cultural- recreational centers and the places of leisure that the municipality of Shahinshahr city created to meet the cultural and recreational needs of the citizens. The research method is descriptive – analytical and its purpose is practical. Data collection is based on survey (field study), and document. Target population includes Shahinshahr citizens. Sample size of study is 383 subjects according to Cochran formula and Cronbach's alpha values of the questionnaire for reliability is %86. Analyzing citizens’ questionnaires is done through SPSS software and the relationship between citizens’ satisfaction of cultural - recreational centers and their demographic characteristics were identified by Pearson and Spearman tests. Moreover, these centers were evaluated in terms of meeting to citizen's leisure time requirements. The results showed that cultural - recreational centers allocated to women, ranked 6th in Friedman test in terms of meeting the citizens’ leisure time needs, face more difficulties and shortages. The status of women’s cultural - recreational centers was lower than the expected by the society with the average of 2, 890 (statistical value of -3. 051, and significance level of 0. 002).

Iran is Located in the center of earthquake zones. Destructive earthquakes in recent decades has shown that all parts of the country are in danger earthquake. The danger is a serious threat for the development of urban communities. By identifying the variables and zoning the areas, it is possible to reduce the earthquake vulnerabilities. This article is aimed at zoning the vulnerability rate caused by earthquake in the city of Sanandaj based on effective variables. In this regard, the variable layers of natural- physical and human- social parameters were prepared and provided in a raster format. The ordered weighted average model was used by risk-averse and risk-taking methods in order to determine and to classify the vulnerability rate of the city accurately and in more details. The results showed that the north and the northwest parts of the city with the physical and human origin have a high vulnerability while the southern part of the city with natural origin has lower degree of vulnerability. Accordingly, it is inferred that by limiting the development from the south and the change to physical and social characteristics in the north and the northwest parts, the rate of earthquake vulnerability would reduce.