نشریه پژوهش در ورزش تربیتی
پیاپی 2 (بهار 1392)

The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between coaches’ styles and athletic identity of team sports athletes in the Iranian university students’ eleventh sports olympiad. This research was correlation type and was conducted in field-based method. The research sample included 1088 athletes in twelve sport fields, whom 165 athletes were randomly chosen after being put in Morgan table. In order to accumulate the research data, 3 valid and reliable questionnaires (Chelladurai leadership scale in sport, Athletic Identity of Cheslak) and a questionnaire of personal information were used. The results showed that there is a significant positive relationship between coaches’ leadership styles, training and exercise styles, social support, positive feedback and athletic identity. There is not a significant positive relationship between autocratic behavior, democratic behavior styles and athletic identity. There is significant difference between athletic identity of physical education students and no physical education students. Among the leadership styles of coaches, the positive feedback and training and exercise styles had maximum relationship; while, autocratic behavior and democratic behavior styles had minimum relationship with the dimensions of athletic identity. Additionally, it was found out that coaches used leadership styles of instruction and training, positive feedback and social support rather than autocratic and democratic styles. The findings of this study indicated the crucial role of coaches’ leadership style in athletic identity of athletes. Therefore, to improve efficiency, satisfaction athletic identity of athletes; it is necessary for coaches to choose appropriate leadership styles.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the organizational commitment among volunteers and employees in physical education administrations of Iran Universities to compare sub-factors of organizational commitment among them. The statistical populations consist of volunteers in sport associations and employees in physical education administrations of Iran Universities. One hundred and forty-one volunteers and eighty-one employees from 20 universities were selected as subject were by using random clustered sampling method. Organizational commitment was measured by standard questionnaire (OCQ) of Allen and Meyer (1991).The questionnaire consists of 18 questions and 3 sub-factors (affective commitment, normative commitment and continuance commitment). A panel of experts was asked to thoroughly examine the questionnaires for content and face validity. A panel of experts included sport management assistant professors (n=3), current volunteer coordinators in sport associations of Iran Universities (n=2), and individuals who had conducted research on sport volunteerism (n=2).The respondents were asked to indicate their level of agreement on a Likert scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient was used to test the reliability of the questionnaire (α=0.86, for organizational commitment questionnaire of volunteers & α=0.89, for organizational commitment questionnaire of employees). The data were analyzed by Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Friedman and independent t tests with P

The purpose of this study was to investigate two types of training on the learning of badminton long service. In fact, the effects of physical training and also a combination of observation and learning in a dyadic observational learning were studied. 42 participants were randomly selected and assigned to three groups of 14. The skills studied in this study was badminton long service. To measure this, Scott and Fox’s (1959) test was used which aims at the exact measurement of this skills. The two groups rehearsed the skills for 4 days in similar condition. The control group did not participate in the acquisition stage. The experiment was comprised four stages of pre-test, acquisition, retaining and transfer. The results showed that the observational alternate dyadic group performed better in both stages. The one-way ANOVA and Tukey Post Test results showed that the type of training has a significant effect on the transfer and retention of badminton long service. The participants in observational alternate dyadic group performed better in retention stages. This trend continued in transfer stage which was performed with a half meter back the original place of the service 10 minutes later. A significant differences was found between the two experimental groups with the control group. In general, the results attested to the effects of physical practice and observational practice on the learning of badminton long service. This conclusion also held for the transfer conditions which is associated with the generalization component.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between Emotional Quotient (EQ) and its dimensions with success in sport among female athletic students participated in sport Olympiad .For this study 206 of female athletic students randomly selected by use of Morgan table and then they fill in 90Bar-on questionnaire in a proper situation. Data selected and recorded was categorized in tables and graphs by used the descriptive statistics. Finally for determining of relation between variables regression method and simple correlation by SPSS software version 18 was used. Results shows that there are relation between all of the EQ parameter and success in sport among female athletic. On the other hand, results from the point of analyzing of variance (ANOVA) for validity of regression equation showed that factor had adequate validity and reality testing variable (one of the EQ variables) could clear 19/6% (R2 =0/196) of variance in sport success ( achieve the medals) that this amount may increase to 21/9% by adding the impulses controlling (another one of EQ variables). Finally, there wsa positive and significant relationship between EQ dimensions and success in sport so that increases in these dimensions lead to success in sport activities among the female athletic students.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of sport education model on self-determination (SD) in female students taking physical education II. Self-determination theory is based on Deci and Ryan theory which concentrates on self-motivation and self-determination of a learner's behavior scalage. The criterion of behavior scalage includes 3 motivational sources: amotivation, intrinsic motivation, and extrinsic motivation. Extrinsic motivation contains external regulation, interjected regulation, identified regulation, and integrated regulation respectively. Appropriate conditions in sport classes help the learner learn, enjoy the real pleasure of practicing and achieve intrinsic motivation easily. Performing the sport education model having features such as grouping, having learners play roles, and learning in terms of competition results in learners practicing and making choices consciously. The study was conducted in quasi-experimental manner. Learners included 34 subjects and divided randomly into two traditional and sport education groups were trained in physical education II. In order to evaluate self-determination, questionnaires (including pre-tests, mid-tests and post-tests) concerning regulating exercise behaviors were distributed among learners of the two classes, and the amount of selfdetermination in each learner was determined according to a formula. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to analyze data. Discussing the effects sport education model has on self-determination showed a significant increase in self-determination, while self-determination in traditional physical education classes decreased. It can be concluded that creating conditions and agendas such as sport education model (SEM) in sport classes particularly academic ones which one is responsible for his/her behavior is a way to increase self-determination.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the development of sports infrastructure facilities in intramural Iranian universities. In this study, the current status of sports infrastructure facilities of Iranian universities intramural interm of the number of indoor and outdoor facilities and percapita of sports spaces was analyzed and compared with fifteen years ago. For this reason, the questionnaire was composed by researcher (with face, acceptable validity and reliability with 0.81 cronbach alpha coefficients) was used. The statistical population included all Iranian universities and the statistical sample included 49 of total 60 university which covered by Ministry of Science, Research and Technology which is randomly selected. The research design was comparative motheds to analyze the process of development and measurement of difference in the variable has been performed through inference statistical methods (Chi Square test for comparison frequency) in level of (p≤ 0.05).The findings indicated that from totals 1.6 m2 percapita of infrastructure facilities in sports Intramural universities, 0.95 m2 are outdoor facilities and 0.65 m2 are indoor facilities. there was significant difference between current status in number of sports infrastructure facilities with fifteen years ago(Chi-Sq=68.91, df= 9, p

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between family function and seven dimensions (problem solving, roles, affective responsiveness, communication, affective involvement, control of behavior and main performance, with mental health and four dimension (Physical symptom, anxiety symptom, sleep disturbance, depression symptom, disturbance of social performance) among male and female students have been participated in the sport Olympics at the summer of 1391. In order to study the research methodology was a survey and it is descriptive-correlation which was used reliable and standard questionnaires with high validity and reliability for data collection. In this research the statistical population contain 3690 students which are 2130 male and 1560 female student that have participated in the Eleventh sport-culture Olympics in Oromiye (female Students) and Birjand (male Students) of Iran. With consideration to size and accessibility of sampling method, Krejcie and Morgan table was used and 338 participants were selected as a sample size. After that regarding the this matter 58% of statistical population was male as well as 42% female. Finally to determine sample size, 196 male students and 42 female students were selected by sample randomly. In order to data collection three questionnaires which are; Demographic information, Family assess men device and general health questionnaire were used. For analyzing the data Spearman's Rank Correlation Coefficient and multi regression were applied. The results of this study indicated that considering with the P-Value by Pearson Correlation Coefficient there was a correlation between the Family Function and seven dimensions with Mental Health and five dimensions; it means that there exists a positive and meaningful significant relationship among these different variables, and also regarding with analysis of variance the results of the study showed that 18% deviation of physical symptom through affective responsiveness, 11% deviation of anxiety symptom and sleep disturbance through affective involvement and main family function, 16.9% deviation of depression symptom through affective responsiveness and involvement and main family function and also 60.3% deviation of mental health through seven dimensionS of family function were predicted.

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between organizational innovation and knowledge management in the physical education colleges and offices of the universities in Tehran city. The correlation and survey method was used. The statistical populations included of employees of physical education colleges and offices of the universities in Tehran city. The sample of study consisted of 93 employees who were selected by random sampling method. The research Instruments were demographic questionnaire, organizational innovation questionnaire Sarros (2002) and knowledge management questionnaire Nonaka (2002),(their reliability was calculated by Cronbach's alpha coefficient respectively, r = 0.89 , 0.93). Collected data were analyzed through descriptive and inferential methods such as K-S test, Pearson Correlation Coefficient, One-way analysis of variance and regression analysis. The results showed (p

The purpose of this research is to study the relationship between organizational climate and Job Involvement in Iran with the respect of physical education department, the research methodology has been a survey which has used a reliable and standard questionnaire with high validity and reliability for data collection. In this research the statistical population contain all employees of departments of physical education in Iran, that with consideration to size and accessibility of sampling method, to determine sample size in departments of physical education, 201 people (N=201), were selected as sample size. In order to for gathering data three standard questionnaires with high validity and reliability which as: demographic Information, Job Involvement and organizational climate were used. To determine the relationship between Job Involvement and organizational climate, Pearson Correlation Coefficient was used, which was sent to 231 subjects randomly, and 201 subjects were returned. For analyzing the data, descriptive statistic (Mean, Standard Deviation…) and inferential statistic (ANOVA Correlation Coefficient…) were applied. The research finding indicated that between Job Involvement and organizational climate a mutual relationship was confirmed and it means, there exists a positive and meaningful significant relationship between employees and organization in which they are working. and also among five dimensions of organizational climate with Job Involvement, a positive and meaningful significant relationship was obtained.