مجله حسابداری مدیریت
پیاپی 3 (زمستان 1388)

One of the methods for valuing companies is the use of discounted cash flows. In this paper, we introduce capital cash flow discounted by weighted average cost of capital after tax and compare with free cash flow discounted by weighted average cost of capital before tax. The sample data set used consists of 54 companies listed in stock exchange. Then, we collect their financial information during during 1383 to 1385 and for analysis, we apply T student statistic test. The results show that by using suitable discounted rate, the calculated valuation by capital cash flow would equal with both of introduced methods.

With the practice of self-sufficiency policies of municipalities in 60s Solar Decade, municipality dues obtained from the public had been the greatest resource of financing Municipality Expenses of Tehran Municipality. In addition, considering importance of determining rate of incomes and actual expenses of a fiscal period in meeting responsibility and evaluation of such responsibility by the citizens and their legal representatives, detection and assessment approaches of income and municipality expenses are entitled with considerable importance. Most of developed countries to lead their utmost attentions towards modulated promissory base accounting and reporting incomes of public sections including, but not limited to, municipalities. In the current research, to examine the possibility of identification, recording and reporting of the Tehran Municipality incomes, the possibility of the realization of two necessary (commensurability) and sufficient (solvency in a short term) conditions from the detection stage until realization of the incomes of Tehran Municipality is analyzed and tested. This research is carried out based on document searching method and making use of the factual information as well as due statistical tests. Statistical universe of this research is extracted from 22 municipalities of Tehran and Statistical Sample is selected from among districts 1, 2, 5, 10, and 18 of Tehran. The results indicated that all evaluated continuous and non continuous incomes of Tehran Municipality (26 income resources) in this research hold the Necessary Condition, i.e. Commensurability in stand-alone fashion and are entitled with the Sufficient Condition, i.e. Solvency during the fiscal year or 60 days after it.

Nowadays customers will and needs and priorities of production are expeditiously changing in line with these changes, strategies of economic entity are also changing. Such changes make economic entity encounter to new challenges. So it has them find diverse ways to meet the need of their customers. The agile production and lean production are the most important strategies. The lean production is a method in which continuous improvement of production processes and decrease of wastages and costs and increase of quality are considered. While the agile production is an evaluated method derived of lean production and focusing on flexibility of production and the rapid responsibility to meet the customers need. In the present research, theoretical explanation and comparative study of these 2 systems are considered.

In this article, has been tried to study the relation between two important objects in accounting and economic, “Economic Value Added and Market Risk”. Present paper is provided to confirm or declaring this theory that whether there is any relation between EVA and β among firms in Tehran Stock Exchange or not. To examine this hypothesis, 65 firms have been selected from the companies in Tehran Stock Exchange during 1380-1384 by using a statistic method, named Cochran. After calculating research's variables (by using financial statements information and investing management software) and by using Pierson correlation analysis method it became clear that there is moderate reverse relation between EVA & β in 1380 and 1382, very weak and reverse in 1381 and very weak and direct in 1383-1384. In other words this research shows that there’s no strong relation between EVA & β in the examined period

Accounting standards can based on principles or a set of partly norms. Standard_based_ principles codification approach proponents believe that the standards based on principle make possible to professional judgements for accountants and they lead to more transparent and simple standards.
Standard_based_ norms codification approach proponents believe that the standards based on principle annihilate the comparability of financial informations , but the standards based on norms cause a increase in comparability of financial information and a decrease in the probably legal claims against accountants and also in profit_management.
In this research, these views, are surveyed and finally are compared three accounting standards in international, FASB and Iran levels.

In this research, it is done the best to study and survey the relation between accounting variables and type of auditor’s opinion. Therefore, 56 companies have been tested at random through stock exchange from 2002 to 2008. In this research, it was utilized Logistic Regression since the dependent variable is qualitative (accepting or rejection of the type of auditor’s opinion). It was initially compared the average indices in two groups including accepted and rejected opinions by K2 and T-student tests, finally the data were modeled by Logistic Regression as well as the compelling & step by step ( parent pioneer) methods. The statistic test indicated that the average of profit quality, company size and profit management index and also the deviation of big standards of the mentioned variables are approximately comparable values which is an indicative that they have no effect on the type of auditor’s opinion. The results also showed that there is no relation among the type of auditor’s variables, the change of auditor and the type of auditor’s opinion. However, there is relation among the financial assets yield, leverage and type of auditor’s opinion.

We know the aim of accounting is preparing usefulness information for users of financial statements for their decision making. So it is be necessary to have pre-determined regulation that be applied by accountants and managers. This regulation called “standards”.
In this investigation we test two index of financial repotting quality, Financial Statement Quality and Conservatism index with t-double test. We test 67 firm’s data in two periods. Pre-determined of standards collection in Iran (76-80) and post determined of it (80-86).
Our findings show that there is no differences between the means of Financial Statement quality index and Conservatism index in before and after of collection standards.

Knowledge is a core of production and development. the power of production is based on knowledge and intellect . Hence, current accounting systems cannot being enabled to calculate and measure intelligence or knowledge of companies. If so is important and as a problematic subject in performance assessment of companies is known , the Inability of measurement and calculation caused to have no logical decision for investors . In this paper, we proposed four financial quantitative models of intellectual capital calculation and also we have examined correlation between financial models of intellectual capital and performance assessment factors such as net profit and cash flows in Tehran capital market and According to the result ,the second and third models to first and forth , and the first to forth have more correlation with financial performance variables and, so are more appropriate models for performance measurement and assessment in companies.