فصلنامه مطالعات و تحقیقات اجتماعی در ایران
سال دوم شماره 2 (تابستان 1392)

Many pieces of research have investigated the environmental variable including environmental beliefs, values, attitudes, knowledge, and behaviors among Iranian people, but their coverage has not gone beyond a few provinces. This research investigates the status of Iranian's environmental values (in micro and macro level) in national level and gone beyond description by targeting explanation of Iranian's environmentalism. in this article, the research Method is secondary analysis that uses available data in World Values Survey (WVS) (in micro level from Iranian size sample of 2667 persons and macro level from worldwide size sample of 257597 persons). The results show that among Iranians, mean of concern for quality of world environment is 3.61, mean of concern for Iran environment is 3.58, mean of environmental willingness is 2.43, and priority environment protection against economic growth is 0.47 that is good status in comparison with other world countries. Also, Schwartz's spiritual values, belief God are strangest explanations for Iranian environmentalism. Dominant social pattern toward environmental, among Iranians, is based on beliefs that support environment and this issue is both a favorable sign for performing supportive environmental policies that certainly accompany public willingness, and places Iran as a potential support for protecting environmental and natural sources International organizations.

According to the sociology of emotions, one of the most important issues in managing the micro problems is to regard the sensation of individuals in society. Thus, individual anomie as sensation is among the influential factors in the actions of individuals in need of study. This research treats the rate of individual anomie among the students of University of Tehran, using the theories of Ferdingberg, Lidenberg, Simen΄s Social alienation and non_organizational theory as a theoretical framework of research. The method is based on measurement and the samples (300 persons) are classified in form of sampling. Processing and statistic analysis of information has been made by using descriptive and inferred statistics (including correlation tests, multi- variable regressing). The findings show that the anomie sensation of 18.5% of the students under the study is low, 65.5% is medium, and 16% is high indicating the anomie going onward from the medium in the students. The obtained results indicate that factors such as social Trust, personal Trust, institutionized and generalized Trust, powerlessness, social capital and life satisfaction are related to the feeling of anomie so that there is correlation between such factors and the personal feeling of anomie. Except the variable of the feeling of powerlessness which has a positive relation with personal anomie, other variables have a negative relation with the correlated variable. There is no relation among social participation, sex, social– economic place, and the personal anomie. According to the regression model, the variables of powerlessness feeling and the personal reliance have been of greatest importance in explaining the personal anomie feeling.

Elite's trust is an important part of the social capital in a social system that can lead to further system goals. Relationship and influence on students by the professors of universities has an important place for them among the elite. Subject of this article is the trust of university professors in Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI). Essential questions focused on various aspects of professor's trust in the system. Secondary question based on attitude and subjective aspects of them. Research methods to answer research questions include: secondary analysis of given data and interviews with university professors based on purposive sampling. Data and statements of interviewees indicated that the public trust of professors is declining in comparison with the past. This provides grounds for distrust. Most academics distrust due to bad performance of organizations and managers. Distrust towards the outer surface can gradually lead to a distrust of internal surfaces.

This study investigated the factors affecting the consumption of cosmetics and its use was in fact one of the manifestations of consumerism that is feminine. Due to the growing dilemma of women use cosmetics and fashion remembered more as a social issue will be raised. Survey results from a sample of 384, a cluster sampling, random, people through Cochran formula for women 18-48 years who had been admitted to the shopping centers in Tehran, is obtained. Results show that the use of cosmetics is beyond the age and goes to beyond the academic, ranking and marriage. Marital status and income have positive effect on women's use of cosmetics usage. Only variable of Education have negative effect on women's use of cosmetics usage survey respondents in situations that force them to take their places as toiletries, showed that women in home less than any place need to make. Income women have no effect on increasing or decreasing the consumption of cosmetics. Multivariate analysis after testing a linear multivariate analysis showed that 54% of consumption variability is explained by the variables examined in this study. Path analysis also showed that variables of the competitive behavior (0.48), individualism (0.66), as variables affecting women's consumption of cosmetics usage was found.

This article employs a combination of direct observation method, online survey and Focus Group Discussion techniques in order to study how social capital takes shape among youth Facebook users in Iran. This article, will also, attempt to answer the question of whether the social capital that takes its roots from interaction between Facebook users and friend's circles, will also reflect on the social relations of the users in the real world? Here, we are planning to combine Fukuyamas, Colemans, Putnams, Walther's and Hew's theories to offer a theoretical framework that can better explain the above question. We will then contrast this theoretical package against the empirical data in order to evaluate its explanatory capabilities. We will, then, apply a deductive mode of reasoning in order to test the hypothesis on socially usefulness of a social capital that is formed between Facebook users and friend's circles. Our data gathering technique include both online and offline surveys questionnaires that were distributed between 2010 samples in 2011. The paper claims that facebook has a structural capability to form Fukuyama's overlapping layers and Coleman's closure relations. Formation of the mechanism of the layers gives rise to strengthening of weak ties and to expansion of social relations of the individuals. Here, we take bonding social capital to mean a type of social capital that strengthens already affectionate feelings. And, we take bridging social capital to mean a social capital that strengthens those social relations that are unstable and weak. We claim that; as the amount of Facebook-use increases among users the bridging social capital of the users will also increase. Our research results indicate that the above claim is also supported by experimental evidence. This means being a Facebook user strengthens unstable and weak relations.

The aim of this paper is to study of sociological factors affecting young girls and women’s use of make-up tools. The study has been conducted through survey method and the data has been collected by questionnaire. The statistical sample was 200 girl and women students from Kerman universities that selected by Simple Random Sampling. Also, in this paper, has been used from Kendall, Somers D and Man- Whitney U tests. The finding reveal that there is a significant relationship between variables of Lace of confidence , Wagon women folk, Repair damage done in the face, Family and community to protest crackdown, Having a better mood, Fear of their wives attracted to other beautiful women, Daily fatigue and overwork hide with using Cosmetics. The results of regression coefficient show that variables of lace of confidence, require the approval of others, beauty female mate choice condition, view more prestige, family and community to protest crack dowen have been entered into the equation respectively based on their importance in explaining the dependant variables and explain total amount of %67 of variance of the dependant variable.

The aim of this paper is to investigate the effects of information and communication technology on the structure of social networks. Three major questions have been considered. First, how far does the combination of adolescent social links tend to be heterogeneous and how much is this change related to social and technological factors? Second, does this alternation affect the power of adolescent social links? Third, what is the effect of information and communication technology on social capital? Especially, does information and communication technology support linking and bridging of the social capital? The research method of this paper is documentary with refer to performed researches in different countries around the world. In addition, the effect of network aggregation and internet usage on the quality of social relations between contemporary adolescent, and the effect of information and communication technology on their ability to reconstruct social networks and their relationship templates are discussed. In conclusion, with the growth of internet users’ network, the future studies have to investigate the relevance between social capital and the quality of relations and particularly, how the present attitude towards technology and the new literacy of network generation affect the quality of adolescent relations by using comprehensive studies on information and communication technology.