فصلنامه مطالعات و تحقیقات اجتماعی در ایران
سال دوم شماره 4 (زمستان 1392)

Social determinants of health is one of the topics that has attracted researcher's attention in recent decades, which is consistent with it, the public health, as one of the influencing factors to quality of life is taken into consideration. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of social well-being on quality of life among Meshginshahr PNU students with using survey method. In order to, A sample of 330 students of PNU Meshginshahr are selected by stratified sampling. For data collection, the Keyes social health questionnaire and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire, with 26-item scale (WHOQOL-BREF) is used. To analyze relationships between variables such as t-test, ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient was used. Research findings indicate that, There are a significant positive correlation between social health and quality of life of students (r=0/535, sig=0/000), and social heaith also significantly associated with the four dimensions of quality of life, ie, the dimensions of physical health, mental health, environmental health, social relationships health. Also, the student’s quality of life, on the type of residence had no significant difference, but the quality of life of students by gender, field of study and year of entry is no different. Also, there was no significant relationship between age and quality of life for students.

Neighborhood councils in the form of social capital formation and institutionalization They can cause the development of local development, increasing people's participation in local governance and are accountable to local authorities. Qualitative research methods and grounded theorety approaches to the study and pathology sociological factors affecting the lack of institutionalization of local councils in Tehran deals. To increase the theoretical sensitivity, theoretical studies of social capital, good governance is used. To analyze the results of the model Imani Jajarmi in the councils of the city, has been exploited. Analysis of the findings is that factors such as "lack of institutionalization City Council," "councils, institutional constraints," "lack of supervision", "ambiguity in the law" and "lack of interaction outside a 'cause' non-institutionalization" neighborhood councils. Members of district councils to overcome the "lack of institutionalization" of the two strategies " Seeking support" and "seeking Institution " use. Strategy in support of "you" is used when the local councils in the interaction and relationships within the group and out-group tensions have. And if no interaction with the City Council and staff councils, district councils strategy, "the pro" use. Strategies towards members of the council's lack of institutionalization "take the consequences" hope "and" failure of imagination "carries.

The present paper subject is analysis of socioeconomic and cultural issues affecting electoral participation in Turks, Kurds and Baluch. The theoretical framework of the study based on Lipset and Huntington's approach to analyzing the impact of economic development on democratization and the recent opinion of the thinkers, such as Almond and Verba and Jill on the Effect of Culture on democracy.
In this regard, argues that the issue affects people in different components, and therefore comprehensive analysis of the ethnic, cultural, economic and correspondence have to consider both the elements and their interaction. In this perspective, as a bold assumption argues economic factors affecting the participation must review and interpretation in light of the cultural factors.
In General, research method is based on experiment (observation-manipulation- observation). First observation is ethnic participation in the ninth presidential election, the manipulation is socio-economic development and second observation is electoral participation in tenth presidential election.
The result of this process will accurate in the light of the specific components of each ethnic group. By result argues Iranian ethnic participation is different. Maybe some correlations were seen between economic development and participation but must not ignore cultural factors. As in Baluch there is no relation in economic development and participation that could explains by cultural issues. Conclusion Given the importance of the concept of culture in the analysis of relating to ethnic issues in Iran.

Aging is "the last chapter of the human life" which corresponds to the variation of employment, income and social network. Death of relatives, decline in communication with friends and coworkers due to retirement, poor health and other factors make this period of life extensively dangerous for the elderly people.
Social exclusion of different social groups is one of the main study topics, and the social exclusion of elderly makes no exception and many research have been done on this matter alone.
This research conceptualizes the social exclusion in five different dimensions, categorized as exclusion of financial resources, social services, social relations, neighborhood, and social activities, in both objective and subjective levels.
Using survey method, this research has studied 123 elderly aged 60 and above who were randomly chosen from districts of 1,3,8,12,17 and 18 of Tehran. The results show that among the five different dimensions of social exclusion, experience of exclusion from civil engagement and subjective exclusion of social services exclusion have the highest levels of responses. Findings also indicate that the type of exclusion that an old person experiences in life has significant effect on his/her subjective exclusion and marginalization.

Globalization in politics refers to a set of complex processes Whereby national governments are increasingly interconnected and interdependent. In the era of globalization, it is time to go beyond the national territory And humans in terms of intelligence capabilities, the margins and text into globalization and pluralism field becomes,Governments of the region and limited to a specific geopolitical location and constant Nhanyz out and memes (especially economic) subject only to a specific country situation, not physically. Globalization will be reorganizing the order of time and place, a land of traditional public relations alters and Authority structures and actors are no longer tied to the land. The national government is an effective tool for sovereignty over a particular territory and globalization as a process of territorial sovereignty on the territory Framlykh with the challenge.
Discussion of this paper is that globalization has influenced the politics, "territorial state" is no longer consistent with the classic features set forth in the opinions of Weber's theory of territorial state.To illustrate this point, first introduced the ideal type "postterritorial state", it features a kind of "territorial state" Weberian dimensions, geographical, political, economic, organizational and legal, we compare And then through the two Snkhngahy to reflect changes in the Iranian government, in a globalized world.

Nowadays, social capital plays more important role than other capitals. In absence of Social capital, other capitals will lose their effectiveness and makes it difficult to reach the economic and cultural evelopment. The origin of social capital can be mainly based on social and cultural factors such as festivals. Recognition of this capital and its evaluation as a kind of macro-management in the development of the countries can create a new understanding of social systems and assist managers to better manage systems. So the aim of this study was to examine the role of Eide of Noruz on social capital.This was a descriptive-survey. The study population consisted of all residents of the city of Semnan, of which a total of 386 subjects were selected as sample using a cluster approach. To collect the required data, a researcher's made questionnaire was used. Results indicated a significant difference between some sub-elements of trust including the informal confidence, trust and feel safe in the environment before and during Eide of Noruz. But there was no significant difference in other aspects of this element. Also in terms of the sub-element of the normative dimension, a significant difference in such variables as people's assistance, capacity to accept differences, community mediation, and social support was observed. Finally, in terms of the dimensions of the sub-network, a meaningful difference in horizontal and quality of the network before and during the Eide of Noruz was observed. On the whole noruz has had a positive impact on social capital.

Medicine is one of the money maker occupations within Iran especially for females. Studying the female-medicine’s economical understandings has the highest reliability in order to verify the idea of “increase of economic authority = increase in economic understandings” because it stands in the highest level of economic authority/power.
Research method in subjected study concerns on qualitative survey and applied tools are questionnaires and in some cases interviews which showed more than 90% of female-medicines are helpful for her husband in supplement of needs and expenses and these costs performed by their desire and responsibility to their family. Meanwhile and with reference to this issue that men’s main responsibility in family is to make money and supervisory, but more than 52% of husbands in such families would be show negative reflect and behavior if their wives don’t share their income within the family for cost and expenses.
In addition according to study we can claim that economical understandings of couples is equal to those idea which presented in Islam and shows that whenever the economical authority of men is more than their wives the understanding of them would be better than those family which the position of men and women is changed by supplement of family expenses and costs.