نشریه گردشگری شهری
سال سوم شماره 1 (زمستان 1394)

Development ICT in providing great changes and how the interaction between people and service providers in today's world has created. Providing comprehensive information services in cyberspace, a large role in the selection of hotels as most tourists will Accommodation destinations. This purpose, we review the sources and records in connection with the investigation, to identify and collect 51 different indicators to assess Hotels website has been investigated from various sources. This study aimed evaluate and rankings websites has five-star hotels in Mashhad. Then, using fuzzy similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS Fuzzy) and based on expert opinions to rank websites has been a hotel. According to taking opinions of experts, five-star hotels Mashhad websites based on fuzzy scales were compared and scored. The assessment of functional performance (25 indicators), Performance Usability (26 indicators), and the total yield (51 indicators) have been conducted. Hotels and Accommodation is one of the most important services in relation to tourist destinations. In this regard, the performance of hotel websites as a competitive advantage in attracting tourists is introduced. In this study, a comprehensive assessment of this index in terms of the functional performance (efficiency) and performance, usability, provide a comprehensive framework was developed to evaluate the hotel's website. The results showed that the Mashhad on hotels five star hotels in terms of performance, functionality, performance, usability, and performance are all different. For example, Pars Hotel, although in terms of performance, usability has been in third place, but in terms of functional performance is ranked in the bottom And this has led the total performance evaluation, this hotel should be ranked last. In addition to improving the defects mentioned in the dimensions of usability of websites for hotels that are proposed to be given content analysis of each websites. The sites to optimize websites for hotels (Web Site Optimization: Maximum Website Performance) by research groups exist that can be used to experience the greatest emphasis on core issues such as site speed analysis, search engine marketing and the use of keywords the content of the website which should be of most interest to managers.

The tourism industry is one of the most important sources of wealth in the undeveloped economies. However, it is not without costs, and there are serious social damages in tourism. Safety and security of tourists is the one of the issues that governments always face. One of the crucial issues in security is the security of pilgrims and tourists.The research method is descriptive- analytic. In this study, both library research and field study are used. First, the library research was conducted on the issue. Then using field study (survey), observations, and interviews with tourists and completing the questionnaire, the required information, and statistics were gathered. The study population included all the urban tourists entering the city in 2015. The sample sizes were determined using Cochran sampling formula. In this study, with the certainty level of 95% and the error probability of 5%, the sample size (n= 300 tourists) was calculated for the city. Sampling was performed in simple random method with a multi-stage cluster, which is suitable for vast areas. In addition, to increase its validity, the nominal and content validity methods were used. To determine the reliability of the questionnaires, 30 questionnaires were reformed, typed, preliminarily tested, and completed. After completing the questionnaires and entering them in the SPSS software, the Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated for them. The results of this study showed that a high percentage of the tourists regard the city of Torghabeh a tourist site with good security. Of the entire samples, 225, 66, and 9 tourists, respectively scored the city with high security (75%), medium security (22%) and low security (3%). Moreover, the results indicated that a high percentage of the tourists are willing to travel and spend their leisure time in this city again.However, there is a direct (positive), yet partially weak, relationship between the age of tourists and social security (0.148). In other words, with the aging of the tourists, the sense of social security also relatively will rise. There is direct and significant relationship between the variables (the sense of security in urban public spaces and the sense of social security

today tourism is one of hope Bkhsh activities as a development pathway called. In this regard, according to the features, facilities, services and capabilities that are needed for urban tourists, it is necessary to provide for proper planning it can be applied to a greater number of tourists attracted. The harmony between the number of tourists and tourism areas, especially infrastructure capacity must be considered. The criteria for determining the center of tourist areas and determine the infrastructure requirements and is adjusted for inequalities between regions. The goal of this study, ranking the city of the province of sub-structures of tourism. Methodology This study is based on a "descriptive analytical" approach of the space research, applied. In this regard, Zanjan city eijruod (0.417) khodabndeh (.326) are the least infrastructure for tourism. The city of Mahneshan (.287) and Tarom (.245) despite the considerable tourist attractions, but at least Habrkhvrdarnd infrastructure. In the city of Zanjan (0.061), Khoramdeh (.155) and Abhar (0.235) in terms of tourism infrastructure and favorable conditions are favorable for tourism. The province ranks first in the ranking of tourism infrastructure to third account. Over the past half-century tourism has taken a large scale and every year the number of passengers that travel with different motivations, added. According to the World Tourism Organization estimates, nearly 25 million people of tourists in the world in 1950 and in 2000 was about 700 million, the figure in 2020 to about 1.6 billion. These figures represent growth of 7 percent in a 50-year period (2000-1950) is. Thus, according to statistics and reports can be said, the tourism industry has become the largest and most profitable industry in the global dimension, so that 11 percent of the gross domestic product, 10 percent of employment, 5% of exports and 5% the global investment is allocated. So today tourism is one of hope Bkhshtryn activities as a development pathway called. this regard, according to the features, facilities, services and capabilities that are needed for urban tourists, it is necessary to provide for proper planning it can be applied to a greater number of tourists attracted.

Urban tourism spaces, include primary and secondary elements. Primary elements, include tourism attractions and factors which attract tourist to city. Secondary elements, are the elements that don’t attract tourist to city, but can be effective to keep tourist in the city. That how tourism elements are scattered in urban space has an important role in the duration in which tourist stay within the country and consequently tourism economy.For hotel private investors, the pattern of hotel location and its evolution provide valuable information on market access to potential guests and can be further used to understand market competition and equilibrium: whether the hotel industry is over-supplied within a certain area. The study of hotel location also facilitates the understanding of urban tourism space and structure because hotels are the basic facilities that support urban tourism and their locations influence tourists’ movement within a city Therefore, an investigation into this subject allows us to determine the motive space of tourists and the places affected by them so that it would be possible to plan carefully with the aim of providing tourists with convenients in these places. This study was carried out in the form of analytical-descriptive. While it is a applied research. This study aimed to investigate the spatial distribution of tourist attractions and hotel's location in Kermanshah city. In this study, to determine the spatial pattern of tourist attractions and hotels, the average nearest neighbor model was used and to check how to place the tourist attractions and hotels to each other, the average center model and standard deviation were used. The value derived from the average nearest neighbor model, is 0.69 for tourism attractions which represents a cluster pattern for tourist attractions and the value obtained for hotels is 1.33, which reflects the distributive pattern for the hotels. Also, the results obtained from the average center model and standard deviation, indicate that the average center of the hotels is near to tourism attractions and the standard deviation ellipses hotels and tourist attractions are overlapping and these analysis show the proportion of position hotels in Kermanshah city to tourist attractions.

Religious tourism is a kind of tourism that has important role in economic and cultural sustainability due to it's special circumstance and roots in religious culture. It so provides high capacity to develop tourism in different regions of the country. Hence, it is necessary to investigate current conditions and develop strategic planning based on region's strengths and facilities. Dezfoul city with 50 mosques and religious monuments as tourism attractions and a variety of religious rituals has an appropriate capacity to develop religious tourism. In this study the strengths and weaknesses (internal factors) and so opportunities and threats (external factors) in Dezfoul are investigated with SWOT technique and then ranking of the developed strategies is done with AHP method, and finally some suggestions for reinforce it in Dezfoul proposed. Research method is descriptive-analytical using library and survey studies. results show that according to established priorities from expert's opinions, using weakness and strength factors and balance of opportunity and threats is in middle state, it means using available opportunities and strength and so lowering weaknesses and threats is possible but this requires planning and boosting tourism infrastructures of city and enhance public awareness in understudy field. In addition, aggressive strategy is the most important strategy in religious tourism development of Dezfoul and reviewing strategy is the next.

Security and tourism, the parameters of an equation that are directly and closely related to each other. Basically, the safety does not hold, the trip was not speaking of tourism, will be in vain. Security as the most important factor in tourism development strategies It results in the world. In this study, tourism security in the autumn and winter of 1391 from the perspective of tourists who had traveled to Iran, Yazd was measured. The purpose of this study was to understand the sense of safety of tourists in Iran. The research was descriptive - analytical and data collection in the form of library studies and field research (observation, questionnaires and interviews) is. The population of foreign tourists in Yazd, random sampling method and sample size of 150 was calculated using the Cochrane approach.and their propaganda was confirmed.and gives tourists a sense of insecurity because they feel they virgin atmosphere of safety and the police. No significant relationship between safety and high tax incentive travel to Iran again there was that tourists feel safer MyKrdnd were more willing to visit Iran again. Given that tourism is two-way communication as well as its role in the dissemination of facts confirmed at the global levelsituation and 55% of the security situation in Iran's tourism MyDanstnd bad. The cynicism and lack of true understanding of the role of the Western tourists Analysis and quantitative data using statistical models were spss software environment. The results indicated that before entering Iranian tourists had no true understanding of the security situation and 55% of the security situation in Iran's tourism MyDanstnd bad. The cynicism and lack of true understanding of the role of the Western media and their propaganda was confirmed.and gives tourists a sense of insecurity because they feel they virgin atmosphere of safety and the police. No significant relationship between safety and high tax incentive travel to Iran again there was that tourists feel safer MyKrdnd were more willing to visit Iran again. Given that tourism is two-way communication as well as its role in the dissemination of facts confirmed at the global level

Comparison of structural, functional and institutional factors of urban tourism's symbols and effecting factors on their development (case study: Azadi and Eiffel towers)
In the urban societies, tourism industry has allocated to itself a very important role in the special, cultural, social and economic structures according to allocation of special spaces for passing the leisure time and different needs. Symbols are one of these specific spaces which have created over the successive years in the form of buildings, memorials and public places. Eiffel tower in Paris and Azadi tower in Tehran are including these symbols. The main goal of present research which is a descriptive - analytical and application research, is Comparison of Azadi and Eiffel towers in terms of the structural, functional and institutional. At first regarding data about the structural – functional and institutional dimensions of Azadi and Eiffel towers obtained through organizational statistics and information. Then regarding data about effecting factors on tourism development of Azadi tower were collected by way of researcher-maker questionnaire which were distributed among 30 persons of the executive and academic experts in tourism industry. Collected information and data was analyzed by using the method of exploratory factor analysis (EFA), Radar technique and Comparison of the tourism quantities data of Azadi and Eiffel towers. As results of this article, the Azadi's number of tourists is very low and its maintenance expenditure is more than its income during the year. according to gained results from the Radar method, Structural – institutional and functional situation of Azadi tower is not suitable and lack of dynamic in the institutional factor is the main factor in the inappropriate of Azadi tower's tourism progression pattern. Analysis of the effecting factors on the Azadi tower's tourism development showed that the most important effecting factor on the substantiation of sustainable development tourism of this tower is organizational factor and trying to the stability of management and simple organizational structure can help to achieve to tourism development of this attraction.