نشریه گردشگری شهری
سال پنجم شماره 4 (زمستان 1397)

One of the most important issues that has been accepted in the management of tourism organizations and sectors related to the tourism industry is the subject of the satisfaction of tourists. So that many countries, by creating the appropriate fields and infrastructure, are seeking to increase the satisfaction of tourists from the quality of the environment of their tourist places. These conditions are very significant in areas that have good tourism-related capabilities.The city of Gorgan has a high tourism potential due to its potential and natural and human capacities in the tourism sector and can attract a special place in the country to attract domestic and foreign tourists, which requires planning Comprehensive tourism, infrastructure provision and recognition of tourism services in the city. The present article aims to measure the level of satisfaction with the quality of the environment in the tourist places of Gorgan. For this purpose, data collection method and questionnaire tool have been used.
After determining the sample size of 250 people, the questionnaires were completed and its data extracted and then the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and factor analysis methods. Selected indices in this research are also derived from the Acama model. The results of the study show that among the indicators of satisfaction of tourists, two reliability and reliability indexes, with a mean score of 4.43 and 3.87, were the most important influential factors in the satisfaction of tourists from the quality of the environment of the tourist places of the towns. In this regard, attention and planning is important in order to strengthen other indicators. Also, the correlation between the five variables of the research as influential variables and the satisfaction of tourists as a dependent variable were all significant and positive. So that the correlation between the elements of tangible elements, reliability, accountability, empathy and trust with the satisfaction of tourists, was 0.86 , 0.85 , 0.86 , 0.77, 0.82. At the end, there are some ways to increase tourist satisfaction and tourism development in Gorgan.

Nowadays, important factors in attracting tourists are archaeological, historical and cultural attractions, because, antiquities and ancient of each society is reagent of special culture of the same country and is remarkable the features and values in the same country and for people that live there. This antiquities has ot of sentimental value to the ethnic groups and it is attraction for others therefore, results attract others to visit and recognize the attractions and monuments. In this regard, this study aims is to assess the effects of historical and monuments tourism of Konar Sandal hills and its influence on urban boom city of Jiroft. The research method, descriptive – analytical is based on Field metho(questionnaire and observation). The statistical society of the study area calculated,277,748 people and the sample size by Morgan table 380 people. The reliability of the data used calculated at a rate of 0/761 using Cronbach's alphabet. To analyze data,T-test and step by step regression tests have been used. The results of the statistical analysis shows, tourism impact of Konar Sandal area in the flourishing Jiroft city and around the sample is below the desired level in all aspects and components, So that, the calculated value of the overall impact of tourism in a city flourishing community is 2/65 lower than baseline (3). Eventually, The results of stepwise regression shows, among the indicators of prosperity Jiroft city, stock viability has accepted the greatest impact from Konar Sandal area tourism the coefficient beta(0/375) Then, infrastructure index, producers, spatial justice the beta coefficient 0/365, 0/360 and 0/339 Respectively, in the end, the quality of life index by a factor beta 0/236, have The lowest share from tourism impacts in the study area. The planning in all indicators and dimensions to create the ground for the arrival of domestic and foreign tourists visit the historical attractions and a few thousand years old civilization of Jiroft is required. In this context Jiroft city officials and managers must take the necessary measures to improve the tourism and contribute to the growth, development and prosperity in the region in all aspects and areas to consider.

Since the destination image is a strong motivator for traveling to cities, the success or failure of the tourism development of many destinations around the world depends on the tourist image of the destination and how to manage this attitude by the local government and tourism planners. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of destination image and attitude to destination on intention to visit and intention to recommend of a destination. For this purpose, the questionnaires distribute among the tourists in the famous cities of West province (Nowshahr, Chalous, Keraldash, Abbas Abad, Tonekabon and Ramsar) distributed and analyzed 389 questionnaires were collected. Validity test was used for confirmatory factor analysis with LISREL and for reliability; Cronbach's alpha using SPSS software was used. Hypotheses were tested using structural equation model (SEM) by LISREL software. Results of the study showed that destination image, unique image, cognitive image and affective image have positive meaningful effect on intention to visit and intention to recommend while the effect of attitude to destination on intention on intention to recommend is not significant. Since the destination image is a strong motivator for traveling to cities, the success or failure of the tourism development of many destinations around the world depends on the tourist image of the destination and how to manage this attitude by the local government and tourism planners. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of destination image and attitude to destination on intention to visit and intention to recommend of a destination. For this purpose, a questionnaire was developed based on research work Line and et al.(2007), Hsu and et al. (2010), Jalilvand and et al.(2012), Hosany and Prayag (2013) and Among the tourists in the famous cities of West province (Nowshahr, Chalous, Keraldash, Abbas Abad, Tonekabon and Ramsar) distributed and analyzed 389 questionnaires were collected. Validity test was used for confirmatory factor analysis with LISREL and for reliability; Cronbach's alpha using SPSS software was used. Hypotheses were tested using structural equation model (SEM) by LISREL software. Results of the study showed that destination image, unique image, cognitive image and affective image have positive meaningful effect on intention to visit and intention to recommend while the effect of attitude to destination on intention on intention to recommend is not significant.
Results of the study showed that destination image, unique image, cognitive image and affective image have positive meaningful effect on intention to visit and intention to recommend while the effect of attitude to destination on intention on intention to recommend is not significant.

The tourism is a modern phenomenon, as one of the processes of production of space and fundamental coordinates of urban communities that it is very vulnerable to various crises.
The urban tourism Spaces as a subset of urban spaces are very sensitive against natural and human disasters that the typology of these spaces is important in terms of places of visit, activity and services.Considering the many tourist attractions in Iran, as well as in traditional cities such as Yazd, it is necessary to pay attention to the issue of the physical security of tourist spaces as well as the safety of tourists. However, due to the fact that the city of Yazd is among the world's major cities and is welcomed by most tourists, the need for comprehensive planning to deal with possible crises in this area is felt more. This article attempt to identify the affecting criteria for assessing the crisis and prioritization the criteria and spaces in the Yazd city with a descriptive-analytical method and AHP and PROMETTE models. Also, the ranking of historians based on physical and human dimensions (security) has been done using the Prometheus model.
The results show that the location is the first place among the other criteria to deal with the crisis and among the spaces, elements of tourism services such as parks and green spaces and religious spaces and commercial are appropriate to the crisis. Accordingly, it is recommended of organizing and providing tourism routs within the historic fabric to enhance the physical and human security and Organizing tourism index spaces and enhance the aesthetic aspects of these spaces.

Today, the tourism industry is considered one of the most important and diversified income generating industries in the world. Meanwhile, the most important factor for tourists to determine the destination of their tourism based on their mental image of different places. The lack of proper image of the destination for tourism in many parts of Iran has led to limited travel to these areas. Therefore, it is important to pay attention to the factors affecting the brand value for tourism purposes. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the factors affecting brand equity in the destination of tourism in Marivan. The purpose of this study is applied in terms of its nature and method in terms of descriptive-analytical research. Field data (survey) and library have been used to collect information. The statistical population of this study is all the tourists who visited Marivan in the spring of 1397. The data gathering tool was a questionnaire. Statistical analysis of confirmatory factor was used to analyze the results. The results of this research show that in addition to brand image, brand loyalty, perceived quality and awareness of the brand of tourism destination, they directly affect the brand equity of Marivan.

Increasing the number and expansion of tourism in different areas of the world has led tourism to be introduced as the world's largest industry and attracts the attention of programmers and is one of the high-potential economic activities. It can be transformed by its powerful force causing changes in the economy of the countries. In this regard, the satisfaction of tourists has a great influence on the direction of its economic benefits. Therefore, the present study aims to measure the satisfaction of tourists from the tourism product of Ilam province using the HOLSAT model. For this purpose, descriptive-analytical and survey method has been used. The statistical population of the study is tourists who travel to Ilam province for tourism purposes. The sample size is 250 tourists who have been selected in a straightforward manner. A questionnaire was used for data collection and SPSS and Excel software were used to analyze the data. The results of the HOLSAT tourists' satisfaction survey show different levels of tourist satisfaction from tourism product dimensions. So that the components of the studied dimensions of gravity, destination and image of the destination of the tourists satisfaction from tourism product of Ilam province on the scenario (Win) and some components of the dimensions of facilities and destination costs in the scenario (Lose). In general, it can be concluded that tourists are pleased with the many tourism products in Ilam province.Keywords: Tourism Satisfaction, Tourism Product, HOLSAT Model, Ilam Province

Due to increasing competition in tourism markets, destination management organizations are using branding in order to create a unique identity for their destination and tourism services and subsequently improve their positions in global markets. According to new tourism marketing approaches, tourist׳s satisfaction from a certain destination is necessary but not enough. Tourist satisfaction is useful provided that it results to tourist׳ loyalty to that destination.in fact it is loyalty that generates long lasting benefits and competitive advantages in tourism market plea. Destination loyalty is one of the key concepts of destination branding in tourism marketing context. Destination loyalty is one of the key and very important challenges of tourism marketing. In fact, tourist satisfaction - which is necessary for the prosperity of tourism industry - creates long-term benefits provided that it results to tourists' loyalty to the destination. Tourist loyalty means that the tourist decides to revisit the destination and recommend it to others.
This study was aimed to investigate the influential factors on destination loyalty based on brand theory and with the mediating effect of tourist satisfaction. To this end, 300 questionnaires were distributed among tourists in Kashan and 274 questionnaires were gathered. Kashan is one of the main tourism destinations in Iran. Although it is not a very large city, but it has many beautiful attractions and every year many Iranian and non-Iranian tourists visit Kashan in different seasons. The data was analyzed using appropriate statistical techniques using SPSS and LISREL. Confirming the results of previous studies, the structural equation modeling results revealed that destination image(including different dimensions such as the quality of travel experience, attractions, infrastructure, superstructure, entertainment and culture) is a key determinant of destination brand, having positive significant effects on destination personality and destination satisfaction. The positive relationship between tourist satisfaction from destination and his or her loyalty to that destination was also confirmed. These results confirmed the previous domestic and oversea studies regarding the relationship between destination image and satisfaction. Nevertheless, the influence of personality on satisfaction was not confirmed. In fact, in the sample studied, participants didn’t show a significant relationship between destination personality and destination satisfaction. It is suggested to destination management organizations to implement necessary actions in order to improve destination image so as to increase tourists' satisfaction and achieve long- term advantages such as a more sustainable, competitive destination.

Growth of tourism in the absence of adequate planning and without considering the desires and opinions of local people, eventually will lead to serious damage on villages. This article presents a review of attributes for suburb tourism to be a sustainable tourism product. This research also has established on basis of Qualitative research. The aim of this study is to introduce appropriate strategies for tourism development and covers an overall review and conceptualization of rural tourism within the community development perspective.in suburb areas. Tourism has negative impact on these rural destinations. As a result, local communities’ attitudes and perceptions toward tourism development are one of the important indicators for sustainable tourism development .Thus, this study attempts to examine the relationship between local communities’ involvement, relationship quality and sustainable rural tourism. The statistical population of this research is local community that has involved in tourism activities, local managers and custodians of tourism attractions in rural area of Kan Township in the North- West of Tehran. Three focus groups, including locals, tourists and managers in the form of nine to 12-member groups had formed, and they participated in the separate workshops that was held in the Central Village (Sloghan). The group using the technique of SWAT to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats and they recognized the strategies as well. Through the analysis of these factors, the results indicate that, the level of the vulnerabilities is higher than their capability. The Matrix of strengths, opportunities, weaknesses and threats shows that there is more alignment between the views of local people and managers and more differences can be seen between custodian's attitude and local communities. This alignment indicates that the local communities have a deeper and more realistic understanding from the exterior. On the other hand the difference in attitudes regarding the strengths and weakness has taken from the different needs and functions of them and each of them have address from certain aspects of tourism planning in rural areas. The results are expected to provide insights for the development of a framework relating to the assessment of the potential for sustainable tourism development in countryside areas.

In a competitive world, cities need to be mentioned, and nowadays, looking at the city as a product is unavoidable.Today, cities are the brands that make special experience for residents and tourists, and Attendance in them can become to a Unique memory. In the commercial and competitive world, tourism development is considered as a key factor in any development program at any level.This attitude can help to live in the city and make it an appropriate place to attend and earn income through Creating Sustainable Tourism Brand. In this regard, Historic cities of Iran with unique assets can provide unique capabilities for their audience. this research evaluate the status of the three historical cities in iran (Isfahan, Shiraz and Yazd) according to the Effective brand equity Indexes. In this research, information was gathered by the theoretical approach and with the help of interviews from centralized groups of foreign tourists that visiting Iran(Ten tourists)Reach the saturation limit(). Data analysis was done through interview using the thematic analysis technique. Subsequently, based on theoretical foundations and interviews, a questionnaire was compiled and distributed among 384 Foreign tourist Which visited these cities between March and January(2017). Then, by Confirmatory factor analysis,. After that For Assessing the status of cities used Anova test. according to the results from the Anova test, Isfahan's status is better than Two other cities. according to the five factors obtained, only the significant difference in these cities is related to the factor of Awareness. the situation of cities is evaluated were relatively good. In fact, recognizing this is very helpful in improving a destination brand and promoting the status of cities to attract target groups. Indicators of value and loyalty are good in these cities.

Today, the tourism industry is one of the main Factors of economic growth and development at the level of cities and countries. This industry is expanding day by day and each country, with its potential, is trying to attract more tourists. In the meantime, one of the unique potential of our country in attracting tourists is the presence of gardens located on the margins and in the cities. Gardens around Qazvin is one of these potential which, if planned properly, can create a tourist environment for Qazvin citizens as attraction of tourists from other parts of the country and even abroad. In this regard, the purpose of this research is to provide strategies for tourism development in gardens around Qazvin. This research is practical in terms of purpose and the data collection method has been document-field based. The sample size of this research is 30 experts and managers. The swot model was used to analyze the collected data and present a suitable strategy. Then 5 of the professors and experts responded to the second questionnaire to prioritize the strategies of the SWOT technique, and the DEMETL technique was used to rank the strategies. The results of the research have shown that the tourism of Qazvin gardens is in a competitive position. Finally, appropriate strategies were developed to improve the tourism situation in Ghazvin gardens.